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1Chapter1ThePopulationI2populous3race4origin5geographicaldistPrelisteningB1censusribution6madeupof7comprises8relativelyprogressively9Metropolitandensely10decreaseddeathrate11birthrateincreasing12lifeexpectancyD1a18.5millb80%c1/2d13.4mille2:10f4%g1990h40%i3/4j33.1%2a3b1c2d5e4IIFirstListeningST1populationbyraceandoriginST2geographicaldistributionST3ageandsexIIIPostlisteningA1.People’sRepublicofChina,India2.281mill23.Hispanics(12.5%)4.Texas5.theSouthandtheWest6.20%7.bymorethan5million8.about6years9.2.2years10.adecreasingbirthrateandanincreasinglifeexpectancyChapter2:Immigration:PastandPresentPRELISTENINGB.VocabularyandKeyConceptsimmigratednaturaldisasters/droughts/faminespersecutionsettlers/colonistsstageswidespreadunemploymentscarcityexpanding/citizensfailuredecrease3limitedquotassteadilytrendskills/unskilledDNotetakingPreparationDates:TeensandTens18501951The1840sFrom1890to1930Between1750and18501776188213291860Fromapproximately1830to1930LanguageConventions:CountriesandNationalitiesCountryPeopleFranceFrenchGermanyGermans4Scotland;IrelandScotch-IrishGreatBritainBritons:theBritishDenmarkDanesNorwayNorwegiansSwedenSwedesGreeceGreeksItalyItalianSpainSpanishPortugalPortugueseChinaChinesePhilippinesFilipinosMexicoMexicansIndiaIndiansRussiaRussiansPolandPolesTheScandinaviancountriesareSweden,Norway,andDenmark.TheSouthernEuropeancountriesareItaly,Greece,Spain,andPortugal.TheEasternEuropeancountriesareRussiaandPoland.LISTENINGFirstListening5MajorSubtopicsST1theGreatImmigrationST2reasonsfortheGreatImmigrationandwhyitendedST3immigrationsituationintheUnitedStatestodayPOSTLISTENINGA.AccuracyCheckcolonistsorsettlersDutch,French,German,Scotch-Irish,BlacksThethird,1890-1930SouthernEuropeandEasternEuropeThepopulationdoubled,therewaswidespreadunemployment,andtherewasascarcityoffarmlandfreeland,plentifuljobs,andfreedomfromreligiousandpoliticalpersecutionthefailureofthepotatocropinIrelandlawslimitingimmigrationfromcertainarea,theGreatDepression,andWorldWarⅡTheyarelargelynon-European.Industrydoesn’tneedalargenumberofunskilledworkers。6Chapter3AmericanTrademarksIB1statistics2goodsproducing/service3stricter/illegal4percapita5benefits/healthinsurance6wages/workweek7romanticize8study/productive9rising/opposite10outproduce11stressed12matched13stagnated14CEOs/profits15unions/favorDa2b1c3d4ⅡAST1ahistoricallookatworkinAmericaST2howU.S.workersaredoingtoday7ⅢA138%23%3serviceindustries419%in1900;60%in19995＄4,200in1900;＄33,700in19996healthinsurance7U.S.workers8Theyarelessstressed(morevacationweeks)9No10toCEOs,thestockmarket,andcorporateprofitsChapter4FamilyintheUnitedStatesⅠ.PRELISTENINGB.VocabularyandKeyConcepts1.disintegrating2.domesticrole3.nature/drastically4.sensitivebarometer5.predominantconfiguration6.commitment/reverence87.conformity/gender8.lack/liberation9.self-fulfillment10.cohabitingcouples11.tripled/quadruppled12.decline/initial13.balance/individualism14.flexible/on-site15.mandate/allowancesD.NotetakingPreparation2.RhetoricalCuesa.2b.5c.3d.1e.4Ⅱ.LISTENINGMajorSubtopicsST1traditionalfamilism:mid-1940stomid-1960sST2periodofindividualism:mid-1960stomid-1980s9ST3thenewfamilism:mid-1980stopresentⅢ.POSTLISTENINGAccuracyCheckNo,theyaren’t.decliningbirthrates,risingdivorcerates,discontentofwomenwithdomesticroleamarriedcouplewithchildrenIt’sclosertoself-reliance.sexualrevolution,women’sliberation.,andthemovementagainsttheVietnamWartheidealizationofcareerandthedriveforself-expressionandself-fulfillmentSingle-parentfamiliestripled;cohabitingcouplesquadrupled.inthesecondperiodcommitmenttofamily,equalityofmenandwomen,fulfillmentqualitydaycare,parentalleave,familyallowancesChapter5ReligionⅠ.PRELISTENINGB.VocabularyandKeyConcepts1.mandatory102.surve/Protestant3.modernized4.values5.guaranteed6.establishes7.underestimated8.role/played9.decline/revival10.conservative11.controversial/politicized12.phenomenon13.secular/authoritarianD.NotetakingPreparation1.CommonlyUsedSymbolsandAbbreviations1.pop.ofChina＞India＞U.S.2.deathrt.＋birthrt.→binpop.3.pop.inU.S.c.281mill.4.somepeopleimm.toU.S.∵nat.disaster,e.g.,droughts,famines5.situationdifftoday∴peoplefromLatinAm.+AsiaimmtoU.S.fromEurope6.AfterWWⅡ,mostAm.Familiesstilltrad.,i.e.,w/workingfather,housewife,&children117.Todaymanychild.Raisedw/ofatherinhomeRhetoricalCues24135Ⅱ.LISTENINGFirstListeningMajorSubtopicsST1factsandfiguresST2UnitedStatescomparedtoothermodernizednationsST3increasingroleofreligioninU.S.politicsparticularlyinrecentyearsⅢ.POSTLISTENINGAccuracyCheckThemedia,e.g.,televisionandmovies,usuallyignorethispartofAmericancultureProtestants,52%,Catholics,24%ImmigrantstoAmericacamefrommanydifferentcountriesandreligiousbackgrounds.theUnitedStates,60%;Italy,7%;France,4%12freedomofworship(religion)thatchurchandstatemustbekeptseparateconservativethe“riseofthereligiousright”abortionandprayerinpublicschoolsmoresecularChapter6Passages:BirthMarriageandDeathⅠ.PRELISTENINGB.VocabularyandKeyConcepts1.bewildering/ingrained2.shower/expectant3.mother-to–be/pretext4.expressionsofenvy/reassured5.unheardof6.banished/d