高考二轮复习语法填空-动词变化代词选用

A．语法填空专题训练(二)动词变化(1)►技巧点拨only后接现在分词或不定式都可表示结果，但onlydoing是一般用语，onlytodo则表示意想不到的结果。动词、介词后面要求接名词或动名词做宾语，如果所给动词后有宾语，则将所给动词变为动名词，如果所给动词后无宾语，则将所给动词变为名词。(1)Jackwentswimminginthelake，only________(have)greatfunwithhisfellows.(2)JackhurriedtoTom'shome，only________(find)Tomwasoutandthedoorwaslocked.(3)Hewasgoodat________(persuade)otherstogiveuptheirideas.(4)Theyjuststoodthereandstaredatthestrangerin________(amaze)．句(1)单纯表示结果，用having；句(2)的结果是Jack意想不到的，用tofind。句(3)的persuade前有介词，后有宾语others，应填入动名词persuading。句(4)前有介词，后无宾语，应填入名词amazement。(一)用所给动词的适当形式填空。1．Sheturnedupthedriveway，only________(find)herwayblocked.2．Computersarewidelyusedfor_______(explore)，includingfor________(explore)space.3．Herhusbanddied，only________(leave)herdebts.4．Theboygrewupdaybyday，only________(become)strongerandhealthier.tofindexplorationexploringleavingbecomingA．语法填空专题训练(二)动词变化(2)►技巧点拨如果需要填写的动词后面有by，则用过去分词，表示被动意义。如果所需填写的动词前面是一个句子并且有逗号，一般应用现在分词，表示伴随或结果。如果需要填入的动词前有and，或者and后面需要填入动词，一般考虑and前后的动词形式相同。序数词后如有动词修饰语，该动词一定用不定式。(一)用所给动词的适当形式填空。1．Anoldman________(support)byayounggirlcameoutofthehall.2．________(frighten)bythestranger，thegirlranawayinahurry.3．Footballisplayedinover80countries，________(make)itthemostpopulargameintheworld.4．Afewstudentssatunderthetree，_______(discuss)somethingheatedly.5．Ifyoueatbrainfoodsregularly，theyhelpedyoupayattention，keepyoumotivated，improveyourmemoryand________(lessen)stressfromstudies.6．Tomwasthelast________(know)thetruth.supportedFrightenedmakingdiscussinglessentoknowA．语法填空专题训练(二)动词变化(3)►技巧点拨句中有now,look(你瞧)，listen(你听)等信息词，动词用进行时态；句中有如in2006，twoyearsago等确切的表示过去的时间状语，动词用过去式；句中有如sofar，inthelast(past)fewmonths(years)等时间状语时，谓语用现在完成时。如：Inthepastfewweeks，we___________________(finish)twothirdsofthejob.Sofarwe____________________(know)everythingbehindtheaccident.In2003，SARS_____(hit)China，causingmanydeaths.havefinishedhaveknownhit阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，说出第1、4、6、10题的解题思路。Ms.Maryisovereighty，butshestilldrivesheroldcarlikehalfherage.Shelovesdrivingveryfast，andboastsofthefactthatsofar，inherthirtyfiveyearsofdriving，she__1__(neverpunish)__2__adrivingmistake.Threemonthsago，shenearly__3__(lose)herrecord.Apolicecarfollowedher，andthepolicemeninitsawherpassaredlightwithout__4__(stop)．WhenMs.Marycamebeforethejudge，helookedatherseverelyandsaidthatshewastoooldtodriveacar，andthatthereason__5__shedidnotstopatredlightwasmostprobablythathereyes__6__(become)weakwitholdage，sothatshehadsimplynotseenit.Whenthejudgefinished__7__hewassaying，Ms.Maryopenedthebighandbagshewascarryingandtookouthersewing.Withoutsayingaword，she__8__(choose)aneedlewithaverysmalleye，andthreadeditatthefirsttime.Whenshesuccessfullydidthis，shetookthethreadoutoftheneedleagainandhandedboththeneedleandthreadtothejudge，saying，“Nowitisyourturn.Isupposeyoucandriveacarwell，andyouhavenodoubts__9__youreyesight.”Thejudgetooktheneedleandtriedtothreadit.Afterhalfadozentimes，hestilldidnotsucceed.ThecaseagainstMs.Mary__10__(dismiss)，andherrecordremainedunbroken.1．解析：句中有sofar，动词用现在完成时，此处讲老太太没有受过处罚，所以还需用被动语态。答案：hasneverbeenpunished2．解析：bepunishedforsth.是固定词组，表示因某事受罚。答案：for3．解析：句中有表示过去的时间状语threemonthsago，动词用过去时。答案：lost4．解析：介词后用动名词。答案：stopping5．解析：关系副词引导定语从句。答案：why6．解析：动作发生在didnotstop之前，用过去完成时。答案：hadbecome7．解析：what引导宾语从句，在宾语从句中作宾语。答案：what8．解析：与后面的threaded构成并列谓语。答案：chose9．解析：havenodoubtaboutsth.意为“对……没有疑问”。答案：about10．解析：这里指对老太太的控告被撤销。答案：wasdismissedA．语法填空专题训练(二)动词变化(4)►技巧点拨动词的语态、语气也是语法填空题的必考内容。如果可以确认句子的主语是动作的承受者，或所需填入的谓语动词后面有by，就应该用被动语态。对含有条件状语从句的复合句，需仔细分析主从句的动词形式，只要确认主句或从句中有一个谓语用了虚拟语气，就可以肯定另一动词也用虚拟语气。另外，要注重分析句子结构，看清句中是否有谓语动词。如果句中没有谓语动词，在填入动词时应考虑动词的时态、语态和语气。如果句中有谓语动词，空格处就应考虑填非谓语动词。如：(1)Tom________(fire)becauseofhiscarelessness.(2)Ifyouhadfollowedmyadvice，you________(pass)theexamination.(3)________(frighten)bythefire，thecatranontothetopofthebuilding.解析：(1)wasfired.不难看出全句的意思是：由于太粗心，汤姆被解雇了。(2)条件从句中的谓语hadfollowed，表示与过去事实相反，是虚拟语气，主句的谓语要与之呼应，所以答案为wouldhavepassed。(3)Frightened.句中有谓语动词ran，空格处考虑填非谓语动词。后有by，用过去分词。阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。Inthe1950s，afamilythatownedafarmnearBeulah，Michigankeptabull(公牛)__1__(chain)toanelm(榆树)．Thebullpaced（踱步）aroundthetree，__2__(drag)theheavyironchain，whichledtoagroove(槽)inthebark(树皮)．Thegroove__3__(deep)overtheyears.Somehowitdidnotkillthetree.Aftersomeyears，thefamilytooktheirbullaway.Theycutthechain，leavingthelooparoundthetreeandonelink__4__(hang)down.Thenoneyear，agriculturalcatastrophestruckMichiganin__5__formofDutchelmdisease.Alloftheelms__6__(line)theroadleadingtothefarmbecame__7__(infect)anddied.Everyonethoughtthattheoldelmwouldbethenext.Thefarmownersconsidereddoingthesafething：pullingitoutandchoppingitupintofirewoodbeforeitdied.__8__(amazing)，thetreedidnotdie.Nobodycouldunderstand__9__itwastheonlyelmstillstandinginthecounty.It'ssaidthat__10__doesn'tkillyouwillmakeyoustronger.Or，asaplantpathologists(病理学家)putit，“Lifebreaksusall，butafterwards，manyofusarestrongestatthebrokenplaces.”文章大意：这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章通过叙述一棵老榆树大难不死的故事告诉我们这样一个道理：经历疼痛才能变得坚强，才能抵挡住更大的困难甚至是灾难。1．解析：本句已有谓语kept，应考虑chain的非谓语动词形式，bull与chain是被动关系，填入chained，构成过去分词