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定语从句对比法导入：1.Theblackbagisbeautiful.2.Thebagwhichyouboughtyesterdayisbeautiful.不同：第一个形容词作定语，第二个句子作定语。我有一只苹果。那只苹果是红色的。我有一只红色的苹果。（除了用Ihavearedapple.还可以用一个定语从句来表达）Ihaveanapple.Theappleisred.Ihaveanapplethat/whichisred.Ilikesomefriends.Somefriendlikesports.(用定语从句合并成为一个复合句)Themagazineismine.Hehastakenitaway.(同上)Thestudentswillnotpasstheexam.Theydon’tstudyhard.Theplaywaswonderful.Wesawitlastnight.如何合并两个简单句成为一个定语从句？找错误：(结论：先行词不能出现在定语从句中)1.Theboywhom/thatwesawtheboyyesterdayismybrother.2.Thecarwhich/thatmyunclehadjustboughtitwasdestroyedintheearthquake.定语从句:在复合句中作定语，修饰名词或代词的从句。这种从句由关系代词或关系副词引导，并作句子成分。关系代词：引导定语从句的代词，在句子中充当名词作用，有：Who,whom,which,that,whose,as关系副词：引导定语从句的副词，在句子中充当副词的作用。有：when,where和why限制性定语从句(识别性从句)：对先行词起修饰限制作用，如果去掉，主句意思就不完整明确，与主句的关系十分密切。Doyouknowthewomanwho/thatlivesnextdoor?非限制性定语从句（补充性从句）：对先行词作附加的说明，与主句的关系不十分密切，较松散。从句和主句之间用逗号分开,相当于一个插入语,不能用that和why(可以用for+which)引导，关系代词做宾语时也不能省略。E.g.Lastnight,Isawaverygoodfilm,whichwasabouttheLongMarch.关系词先行词从句成分例句备注关系代词Doyouknowthemanwhoistalkingwithyourmother?Whom,which和that在从句中做宾语时，常可以省略，但介词提前时后面关系代词不能省略，也不可以用thatMr.SmithisthepersonwithwhomIamworking.Theboy(whom)sheloveddiedinthewar..Ilikethosebookswhosetopicsareabouthistory.Theboywhosefatherworksabroadismydeskmate.Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.Sheisthepopstar(that)Iwanttoseeverymuch.Thebook(which)Igaveyouwasworth$10.Thepicturewhichwasabouttheaccidentwasterrible.Heissuchapersonasisrespectedbyallofus.ThisisthesamepenasIlostyesterday.___isknowntoall,theearthisroundAs做宾语一般不省略as引导定语从句可放在句首，句中，句末，而which引导定语从句不能放在句首.as译为正如，好像。，which则没有此义。定语从句在句首时只能用as,关系副词Iwillneverforgettheday(when)/thatwemetthere.When=onwhichThisisthehousewhereIwasborn..Where=inwhichIcan’timaginethereason(why)/forwhich/thatheturneddownmyoffer.Why=forwhich讨论：讨论关系代词与关系副词在以下定语从句中的不同作用。1.Doyouknowthewomanwho/thatlivesnextdoor?2.ThewomanwhomIwanttovisitwasnotinthecompany.3.Whathappenedtothemoneythat/whichyouarelookingfor?4.Pleasepassmethemagazinewhosecoverisyellow.5.IshallneverforgetthedaywhenIboughtIboughtmycomputer.6.Peoplewouldliketoliveinthecountrywherethereisplentyofsunshineandfreshair.7.ThereasonwhyIamphoningyouistoinviteyoutomybirthdayparty.考点一:如何判定用关系代词还是用关系副词方法一、找出定语从句中是否主语和宾语都齐全。如齐全用关系副词。用什么关系副词看先行词。Pleasegivemethereason____youmadesuchagreatsuccess.Thereason___shegavewasnottrue.方法2、确定定语从句的谓语动词是不是及物动词，如是，用关系代词，如不是，用关系副词。（常用常考）Yesterdaywewenttovisitthehouse___thegreatwriterusedtolive.Thehouse______(theybuiltin1987)stayedupintheearthquake方法3、如定语从句中谓语结构是被动结构，有主语，则用关系副词。October1stistheday________newChinawasfounded.考点二：that/which代物时用that的情况看例子，找规律：1）Englishisthemostdifficultsubjectthatyouwilllearnduringtheseyears.1．先行词是最高级形容词或它的前面有最高级形容词修饰时。2）Thisisthelastplace(that)Iwanttovisit.2.先行词是序数词，或它前面有一个序数词时。3）Youshouldhandinallthatyouhave.3.先行词是all,much,little,something,everything,anything,nothing,none，any,few,little,no,all,much,等代词时。4）Theonlythingthatwecandoistogiveyousomemoney.先行词前面有theonly,thevery,every等修饰时。5）Whoisthemanthatisstandingthere?当先行词前面有who,which等疑问代词时，为避免重复，用that,不用which.6）Canyourememberthescientistandhistheorythatwehavelearned?当先行词既有人，也有动物或者物体时1.Godhelpthosewhohelpthemselves.天助自助者。2.Hewholaughslastlaughsbest.笑到最后的人才是英雄。3.Hewhodoesn’treachtheGreatWallisnotatrueman.不到长城非好汉。4.Hewhoiscontent(满足)isalwayshappy.知足者常乐。8.能力提高：1.I’musingthepenwhichheboughtityesterday.2.ThemanwhomIspokeisfromCanada.3.July1,1999isthedaywhenwe’llneverforget.4.I’mgoingtoworkinthehospitalwhereneedsme.5.Thosethathaven’tbeentotheWestLakewillgatherattheschoolgate.6.ThisisthelasttimewhenI’vegivenyoulessons.7.Thereasonwhichheexplaineditsoundsreasonable.8.MissChenistheonlyoneofthefewteacherswhogiveuswonderfulEnglishlessonsinourschool.填入who,whom,whose,which,where或why,完成下面的广告ThetownofKeswick,whichliesattheheartoftheLakeDistrict,istheperfectplaceforaholiday,andtheDerwenthotel,_____overlooksthetown,istheperfectplacetostay.RobinandWendy,______boughtthissmallhotel3yearsago,havealreadywonanexcellentreputation.Robin,______cookingisoneofthereasons____theDerwentissopopular,wasonceYoungChefoftheYear.Thecomfortoftheguests,______theownertreatalmostasmembersofthefamily,alwayscomesfirst.PeterUstinov,_____oncestayedatthehotel,describeditas“marvelous”.AndtheLakeDistrict,______hassomuchwonderfulsceneryand____thepoetWordsworthlived,willnotdisappointyou.31.Thereason______hedidn'tcomewas______hewasill.A.why;thatB.that;whyC.forthat;hatD.forwhich;what32.Heisworkinghard,______willmakehimpassthefinalexam.A.thatB.whichC.forwhichD.who48.Johngotbeateninthegame,_______hadbeenexpected.A.asB.thatC.whatD.who49.Ihaveboughttwoballpens,_______writeswell.A.noneofthemB.neitherofthemC.neitherofwhichD.noneofwhich19.Idon'tlike______asyouread.A.thenovelsB.thesuchnovelsC.suchnovelsD.samenovels14.I'minterestedin______youhavesaid.A.allthatB.allwhatC.thatD.which24.Ilostabook,______Ican'tremembernow.A.whosetitleB.itstitleC.thetitleofitD.thetitleofthat