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1温馨提示：此套题为Word版，请按住Ctrl,滑动鼠标滚轴，调节合适的观看比例，答案解析附后。关闭Word文档返回原板块。课堂10分钟达标 KongZi,alsocalledConfucius(551BC-479BC),andSocrates(469BC-399BC)livedonlyahundredyearsapart,andduringtheirlifetimestherewasnocontactbetweenChinaandGreece,butitisinterestingtolookathowtheworldthateachofthesegreatphilosopherscamefromshapedtheirideas,andhowtheseideasinturn,shapedtheirsocieties.Neitherphilosopherlivedintimesofpeace,thoughthereweremorewarsinGreecethaninChina.TheChinesestateswereverylargeandfeudal,whiletheGreekcity-statesweresmallandurban.TheurbanenvironmentinwhichSocrateslivedallowedhimtobemoreradical(激进的)thanConfucius.UnlikeConfucius,Socrateswasnotaskedbyrulershowtogoverneffectively.Thus,Socrateswasabletobemoreidealistic,focusingonissueslikefreedom,andknowledgeforitsownsake.Confucius,ontheotherhand,advisedthoseingovernmentservice,andmanyofhisstudentswentontogovernmentservice.ConfuciussuggestedtheGoldenRuleasaprinciplefortheconductoflife.“Donotdotootherswhatyouwouldnotwantotherstodotoyou.”Heassumedthatallmenwereequalatbirth,thoughsomehad2morepotentialthanothers,andthatitwasknowledgethatsetmenapart.Socratesfocusedontheindividual,andthoughtthatthegreatestpurposeofmanwastoseekwisdom.Hebelievedthatsomehadmorepotentialtodeveloptheirreasonthanothersdid.LikeConfucius,hebelievedthatthesuperiorclassshouldruletheinferior(下层的)classes.ForSocrates,thefamilywasofnoimportance,andthecommunityoflittleconcern.ForConfucius,however,thefamilywasthecentreofsociety,withfamilyrelationsconsideredmuchmoreimportantthanpoliticalrelations.Bothmenarerespectedmuchmoretodaythantheywereintheirlifetimes.【语篇导读】本文为说明文,主要介绍了伟大哲学家孔子与苏格拉底的哲学思想对社会的影响以及思想观点的相似与不同。Ⅰ.Skimthepassageandfindthemainideaquickly._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案：ThepassageaimstotellustheideasofConfuciusandSocrates,andthesimilarityanddifferencebetweenthemandtheirideas.Ⅱ.Readthepassageagainandchoosethebestanswers.1.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothefirstparagraph?3A.SocratesandConfuciushadmuchincommon.B.ConfuciushadmuchinfluenceonSocrates’ideas.C.Thesocietieswereinfluencedbythephilosophers’ideas.D.TherewereculturalexchangesbetweenChinaandGreece.【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据文章第一段最后一句后半句推知“...andhowtheseideasinturn,shapedtheirsocieties”是本段的主题句,即为正确句,而A项在第一段没有提及,B项与D项与第一段的“duringtheirlifetimestherewasnocontactbetweenChinaandGreece”不符。2.WhatmadesomepeopledifferentfromothersaccordingtoConfucius?A.Knowledge. B.Potential. C.Family. D.Community.【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据文章第三段中“...andthatitwasknowledgethatsetmenapart”可知A项正确。关闭Word文档返回原板块