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1Unit2 EnglisharoundtheworldPeriod3 知识讲练课Step1 Oralcheck:Fillingintheblanksaccordingtowhatyouhavelearned.Alllanguageschangewhenculturescommunicatewithoneanother.TheEnglishspokenbetweenAD450and1150wasquite1) fromthatspokentoday.2) ,itwasbasedmoreonGermanthantheEnglishwespeakatpresent.Later,itbecamemorelikeFrench.OnebigchangeinEnglish3) happenedwhenTheAmericanDictionaryoftheEnglishLanguage,whichgaveAmericanEnglishitsown4) ,came5) .NowIndiahasaverylargenumberofEnglishspeakers.ThisisbecauseEnglishbecamethelanguagefor6) andeducationduring1765to1947,whenBritainruledIndia.EnglishisalsospokeninmanyothercountriesinAfricaandAsia,such7) SouthAfrica,SingaporeandMalaysia.ThenumberofpeoplelearningEnglishinChinaisalso8) rapidly.TodaywehearpeoplespeakEnglishonTVandtheradio.Thereisnosuchathingas9) English.Whenpeoplefromallovertheworldusewordsandexpressionsdifferentfrom“standardEnglish”,itiscalleda10) .Geographyalsoplaysanimportantpartincreatingdialects.Althoughtherearemanydifferences,peoplehavelittledifficultyinunderstandingeachother.Step2 Wordsandexpressions1.DoyouknowthatthereismorethanonekindofEnglish?你知道有不止一种英语吗?【观察思考】1)ShestayedinParisformorethanayear.她在巴黎待了一年多。2)Morethanonestudenthassaidso.不止一个学生这么说。3)Bothofusaremuchmorethanworkmates.Weareclosefriends.我们俩不止是同事,我们还是知心朋友。4)Heismorethangladtoseeme.他非常高兴见到我。5)ThebeautyofnatureismorethanIcandescribe.大自然之美是我难以描绘出来的。morethan+数词,表示“多于,超过”,相当于over。morethanone+可数名词单数,表示“不止一个”,作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。morethan+名词,意为“不只是,不仅仅”。morethan+形容词/副词/分词/动词,意思是“很,非常”。morethan+句子(句子常含can/could),意为“非……所能的,难以……的”。【尝试运用】填入适当的词,使下面的句子完整。1)Morethanonegirl (hold)suchaviewintheschool.2)Itishardtoconcentratelikethatfor (半个多小时).3)Herspeechwas (非常)good.Itwasperfect.4)—Doyouneedanyhelp,Lucy?—Yes.Thejobis (超过)Icoulddomyself.【词组串记】nomorethan仅仅notmorethan不超过,至多2notmore...than没有……那样more...than与其,不如……lessthan少于nolessthan不少于,多达betterthan好于,胜过ratherthan而不是otherthan除了【高考链接】(2009·浙江高考)Ittook buildingsuppliestoconstructtheseenergy-savinghouses.Ittookbrains,too.A.otherthan B.morethanC.ratherthanD.lessthan2.Actuallyalllanguageschangeanddevelopwhenculturesmeetandcommunicatewitheachother.事实上,当不同的文化相互交流渗透时,所有的语言都会有所变化、有所发展的。【观察思考】1)Idon’tactuallyrememberit.其实我不记得那件事了。2)Theyarenotmarried,actually.他们实际上没有结婚。3)Heisactuallyfiftyyearsold.他竟然五十岁了。3)Actually,I’mbusyatthemoment—canIcallyoubacklater?说实在的,我这会儿正忙——可以过一会给你回电话吗?actually副词,表示“实际上;(礼貌地纠正他人)事实上;居然,竟然;说实在地”等意义。actual形容词,真实的,实际的actuality名词,真实,实际【尝试运用】用actually的适当形式完成下面的句子。1) ,ChinamayhavethelargestnumberofEnglishlearners.2)Canyougivemean example?3)Shelooksyoungerthanme,butin fact,sheismucholder.4)Thefoodwasnot allthatexpensive.【词组串记】inactualfactasamatteroffactinreality/fact/truth以上词组都意为“事实上,实际上”,与actually同义。3.ItwasbasedmoreonGermanthantheEnglishwespeakatpresent.当时的英语更多地是以德语为基础,而我们今天所说的英语不是。【观察思考】1)Atpresent,heisonholiday.目前,他正在度假。2)Ican’trememberhernameforthepresent.我一时想不起她的名字来了。3)Whatcanwegethimasabirthdaypresent?我送他什么生日礼物好呢?4)Threehundredguestswerepresentattheceremony.300位客人出席了典礼。5)Theheadmasterpresentedamedaltoeachwinner.校长向每位获胜者颁发了奖牌。atpresent=atthepresenttime意为“目前,现在”。forthepresent意为“暂时,一时”。3present用作名词,意为“礼物”,与gift同义。present用作形容词,表示“到场的,出席的”,与absent反义。present用作动词,表示“把……交给;颁发”。【尝试运用】1)Inpreparingscientificreportsoflaboratoryexperiment,astudentshould hisfindingsinlogicalorderandclearlanguage.A.furnish B.propose C.raise D.present2)Themajorwillpersonally thegoldmedals thewinningathletesatthesportsmeeting.A.present;byB.present;withC.present;toD.present;for3) today suretobepraised.A.Thepresentpeople;areB.Thosepresent;isC.Thosepresent;areD.Presentthose;is【巧记词义】Theboypresentatthemeetingwasconsideringaskinghisfatherforabookonthepresenttenseasabirthdaypresent.出席会议的那个男孩正考虑向他的爸爸要一本关于现在时态的书作为生日礼物。4.Sobythe1600’sShakespearewasabletomakeuseofawidervocabularythaneverbefore.所以到17世纪,莎士比亚所用的词汇量比以前任何时期都大。【观察思考】1)Wemustmakeuseofeveryminutetostudy.我们必须利用每一分钟去学习。2)Youshouldmakegooduseofthechance.你应该好好利用这次机会。3)Youcanmakeanyuseofitifyoulike.这个你可以任意使用。makeuseof利用,使用makethebestof(指对不利的条件等)充分利用makethemostof充分利用(有用的条件)makegooduseof充分利用【词组串记】takeadvantageof利用……的机会;钻……的空子;占便宜seizeon抓住;利用“动词+名词+介词”短语catchsighof看见 takepridein以……而自豪 makewayfor让路给 makesenseof理解,弄懂 takecareof找过,照料【尝试运用】1)Shewondereduneasilywhatuseshewould thisopportunity.A.madeB.makeaboutC.makeforD.makeof2)Themanagerofthecompanytoldusthatverylittle wasmadeofthewastematerialsinthepast.A.cost B.valueC.use D.matter3)Thepatientshouldbeoutside (make)themostofthesunshine.4)Themoneycollectedshouldbemadegooduse (help)thepeoplewho4sufferedalotinthisterribleearthquake.5.CanyoufindthefollowingcommandandrequestfromReading?你能从“阅读”部分找出下列“命令”和“请求”吗?【观察思考】1)Theofficerisfondofgivingcommands.这位长官喜欢发号司令。2)Whowilltakethecommandofthearmy?谁来统率这支军队?3)Myfatherhasagoodcommandofcomputer.我爸爸精通电脑。4)Hecommandedhismentoretreat.=Hecommandedthathismen(should)retreat.他命令手下撤退。5)ThetroopswerecommandedbyGeneralHaig.这些部队由黑格将军统率。command用作动词,表示“命令,指挥”,用作名词,意为“命令;控制;掌握,运用能力”。作“命令”