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1Ⅰ.阅读理解(建议用时15′)A[2016·河南开封检测]Johnnywasthreewhenheranawayfromhomeforthefirsttime.Somebodyleftthegardengateopen.Johnnywanderedout,crossedsomefieldsandtwoW1hourslater,reachedthenextvillage.Hecouldonlygivehisnameandaddress.Bythetimehewasseven,Johnnyusedtodisappearfromhometwotothreetimesayear.Sometimeshecoveredquitelongdistancesonfoot.Sometimeshegotonabusorevenatrain,andsimplysatthereuntilsomeoneaskedforhisticket.Generallythepolicebroughthimhome.W2“Whydoyoudoit？”theyusedtoask.“Ijustwanttoseenewplacesintheworld,whichmakesmeveryhappy.”Johnnytoldthem.Johnnycontinuedto“seenewplaces”althougheveryonetriedtostophim.Hisparentsusedtowatchhimclosely,andsodidhisteachers；butsoonerorlaterJohnnymanagedSP1toslipaway.Sometimeshetravelledhundredsofmilesbeforeanyonediscoveredhim.W3ItishardlysurprisingthatJohnnymanagedtoboardaplanewithlotsofgoods.Hewasonlytwelveatthattime.Afewhourslater,JohnnyfoundhimselfinCairo.Howdidhegetonboard?Nooneknows.AccordingtoJohnnyhimself,itwaseasy:hejustwentintotheairport,walkedalongsomepassagesandgotonboardthenearestplane.Inspiteofallthis,Johnnydidwellatschool.HeenjoyedmathematicsandlanguagesP2and,perhapsnotsurprisingly,hewasespeciallygoodatgeography.“WhatdoyouwanttoW4bewhenyougrowup？”histeachersaskedhim.“Iwanttobeanexplorer！”heanswered.“Butit'sdifficulttobecomeanexplorerinthismodernage，”theytriedtotellhim.Butitwasnouse:Johnnyknewwhathewanted!Justbeforeheleftschool,Johnnysawanoticeinadailypaper.AlongjourneywasabouttogotoBraziltotraveluptheAmazonRiver.Therewerejobsforthreeyoungpeople“willingtoworkhardandwithasenseofadventure”.Johnnyapplied，andtwomonthslater,hewasW5onhiswaytoBrazil.本文讲述的是一个有探险精神的小孩Johnny，从小到大，总是用多种方式离家出走去探险，并最终实现了自己的愿望。1．WhydidJohnnyfrequentlyleavehome?A．Heenjoyedseeingnewplaces.B．Helikedgeographyverymuch.C．Hewastiredofgoingtoschool.D．Hisparentswerestrictwithhim.答案：A 细节理解题。根据第二段：“Ijustwanttoseenewplacesintheworld,whichmakesmeveryhappy.”可知。2．WhatdidJohnny'parentsandteachersdowithhim?A．Keepfollowinghimtogethimback.B．Encouragehimtotravelabroad.C．Trytostophimfromslippingaway.2D．Bookticketsforhimifnecessary.答案：C 细节理解题。根据第三段“Hisparentsusedtowatchhimclosely,andsodidhisteachers.”可知。3．WhatwasJohnnygoingtodo?A．Workforadailypaper.B．Haveaholidayabroad.C．TraveltoBrazilalone.D．ExploretheAmazonRiver.答案：D 细节理解题。根据最后一段“AlongjourneywasabouttogotoBraziltotraveluptheAmazonRiver.”可知。4．WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesJohnny?A．Naughty.B．Adventurous.C．Disappointing.D．Generous.答案：B 推理判断题。根据每一段讲述的Johnny的经历，可知Johnny爱好探险，故答案是B。W重点词汇1．wandervi.游荡；徘徊2.generallyadv.一般；通常3．managevt.管理；设法4.geographyn.地理5．applyvt./vi.申请；应用；请求P重点短语1．soonerorlater迟早；早晚2.inspiteof尽管；不管；不顾S句式仿写原文：Hisparentsusedtowatchhimclosely,andsodidhisteachers.(so＋助动词＋主语用法)译文：他的父母过去紧紧地看着他，他的老师也如此。仿写：Theywenttothezooyesterdayand_so_did_we.他们昨天去了动物园，我们也去了。B[2016·山东师大附中模拟]Hereisanastonishingandsignificantfact：MentalworkW1alonecan'tmakeustired.Itsoundsabsurd.Butafewyearsago,scientiststriedtofindouthowlongthehumanbraincouldlaborwithoutreachingastageoffatigue(疲劳).Totheamazementofthesescientists,theydiscoveredthatbloodpassingthroughthebrain,whenitisactive,P1showsnofatigueatall!Ifwetookadropofbloodfromadaylaborer,wewouldfinditfulloffatiguetoxinsatandfatigueproducts.ButifwetookbloodfromthebrainofanAlbertEinstein,itwouldshownofatiguetoxinsattheendoftheday.Sofarasthebrainisconcerned，itcanworkaswellandswiftlyattheendofeightorP2eventwelvehoursofeffortasatthebeginning.Thebrainistotallytireless.SowhatmakesW2ustired?3SomescientistsdeclarethatmostofourfatiguecomesfromourmentalandemotionalW3attitudes.OneofEnglanDsmostoutstandingscientists,J．A.Hadfield,says,“ThegreaterW4partofthefatiguefromwhichwesufferisofmentalorigin.Infact,fatigueofpurelyphysicaloriginisrare.”DrBrill,afamousAmericanscientist,goesevenfurther.Hedeclares,“Onehundredpercentofthefatigueofsittingworkeringoodhealthisduetoemotionalproblems.”Whatkindsofemotionsmakesittingworkerstired?Joy?Satisfaction？No!AfeelingW5ofbeingbored,anger,anxiety,tenseness,worry,afeelingofnotbeingappreciated—thosearetheemotionsthattiresittingworkers.Hardworkbyitselfseldomcausesfatigue.Wegettiredbecauseouremotionsproducenervousnessinthebody.本文介绍的是一项新的研究成果：单独的脑力劳动不会使我们感到疲倦，真正让我们感到累的原因是我们的情绪。5．Whatsurprisedthescientistsafewyearsago?A．Fatiguetoxinscouldhardlybefoundinalaborer'sblood.B．AlbertEinsteindidn'tfeelwornafteraday'swork.C．Thebraincouldworkformanyhourswithoutfatigue.D．Amentalworker'sbloodwasfilledwithfatiguetoxins.答案：C 细节理解题。根据第一段“Totheamazementofthesescientists,theydiscoveredthat...whenitisactive,showsnofatigueatall！”可知。6．Accordingtotheauthor,whichofthefollowingcanmakesittingworkerstired?A．Challengingmentalwork.B.Unpleasantemotions.C．Endlesstasks.D.Physicallabor.答案：B 细节理解题。根据第三段“Somescientistsdeclarethatmostofourfatiguecomesfromourmentalandemotionalattitudes.”以及最后一段可知。7．What'stheauthor'sattitudetowardsthescientists'idea?A．Heagreeswiththem.B.Hedoubtsthem.C．Hearguesagainstthem.D.Hehesitatestoacceptthem.答案：A 推理判断题。根据最后一段，并结合第三段内容，可知作者与科学家的观点一致。8．Wecaninferfromthepassagethatinordertostayenergetic,sittingworkersneedto________.A．haveso