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1Revision1.允许做某事2.尝试做某事3.努力做某事4.遗憾地要做某事5.后悔做了某事6.情不自禁地做某事7.不能帮助做某事8.赞成她上戏剧学校9.突然大笑起来10.避免做某事11.介意做某事12.不喜欢被嘲笑13.被用来做某事14.习惯于做某事15.需要被修补allowdoingtrydoingsthtrytodosthregrettodosthregretdoingsthcan’thelpdoingsthcan’thelptodosthapproveofhergoingtothedramaschoolburstintolaughter/burstoutlaughingavoiddoingsthminddoingsthdislikebeinglaughedatbeusedtodosth/beusedfordoingsthbeusedtodoingsthneed/want/requiremending316.比起做A更愿意做B17.做某事没好处。18.意味着做某事19.打算做某事20.害怕被欺骗21.做某事无意义。22.坚持做某事23.做某事有困难24.推迟做某事25.承认做了某事preferdoingBtodoingAItisnogood/usedoingsthmeandoingsthmeantodosthbeafraidofbeingcheatedThereisnopointindoingsthinsistondoingsthhaveahardtime(in)doingsth/havetrouble/difficulty(in)doingsthdelaydoingsth.admitdoing/havingdoneGrammarNon-finiteVerbs非谓语动词分为三类：动名词（gerund）不定式（infinitive）分词（participle）I.Structurev.+-ing形式II.Characteristic兼有动词的特征和名词的功能动名词（Gerunds）III.FunctionForms语态时态activepassive一般式完成式doingbeingdonehavingdonehavingbeendone否定形式为not+动名词动名词表示一贯的行为1.Collectingstampsismyhobby.2.Myhobbyiscollectingstamps.3.Ilikecollectingstamps.4.Ilookforwardtohearingfromyou.5.aswimmingpoolawalkingstick（作主语）（作表语）（作及物动词宾语）（作介词宾语）（作定语表示用途）Function主语宾语表语定语状语补足语动名词I.Structureto+v.原形II.Characteristic有动词特征不定式（Infinitive）III.FunctionI.Forms语态时态主动被动一般时完成时进行时完成进行时todotobedonetohavedonetohavebeendonetobedoing//tohavebeendoing注:不定式的否定形式为not+不定式1.Todothatsortofthingisfoolish.2.Iwanttoseeyouthisevening.3.Allyouhavetodoistofinishitquickly.5.ShecameheretostudyEnglish.6.Iwarnedthepatientnottodrinkcoldwateraftertheoperation.4.Wefoundahousetolivein.主语宾语表语定语状语宾补Function主语宾语表语定语状语补语不定式注意：1）带逻辑主语的不定式：for+n./pron.+todoItisnecessaryforustosolvetheproblem.Thebookistoodifficultforachildtoread.2)带疑问词的不定式疑问词+todoWhentostarthasnotbeendecided.Theproblemishowtofindthematerial.Eg:Bob’s/Hiskidnappingthemillionaire’ssonwasagreatshocktous.Eg:Youcan’timagineBob/Bob’s/him/hiskidnappingthemillionaire’sson.★动名词作主语时，只能用名词或代词的所有格作动名词的逻辑主语。★动名词作宾语时，可用名词或代词的所有格或宾格作动名词的逻辑主语。动名词的逻辑主语1.作主语Toseeistobelieve.Cf.LearningEnglishisnecessary.动名词和不定式做主语的区别：1)动名词:表示习惯性的、概念抽象的事物不定式:表示具体一次的、将要发生的事物___________(save)moneyisnecessary,but___________(save)moneynowisimpossibleforme.Saving动词做主语，可根据情况选用不定式或动名词，谓语动词用单数tosave2）在一些固定的形式主语句型中，一般只用动名词做主语Itisnouse+doingsth.Itisnogood+doingsth.Itisofnouse+doingsth.3)不定式做主语：大多数情况后置用it形式主语1.It+be+adj./n.(+of/forsb.)+todoe.g.It’sadifficultthing(forme)tolearnmathswell.常用结构：e.g.It’swiseofyoutoshampooyourhairoften.2.作表语Toseeistobelieve.他的愿望是成为一名医生。Hiswishistobeadoctor.Hishobbyisswimming.2.Ittakes/took+sb.+st.+todosth.e.g.Ittakeshimtenminutestowalktotheschool.3.Itcosts/cost+sb.+somemoney/sth.+todosth.e.g.Itcostme100yuantohavetheTVsetrepaired.3.作宾语1)Heoffered_________(give)mealift.2)Shesuggested________(see)anoperaattheweekend.3)WhenIfeelthirsty,Ifeellike__________(drink)somethingcold.4)Youshouldpayattentionto______(follow)whatthelecturersaid.5)Hetried__________(teach)thechildreninanewwaybecausetheyweretiredoftheoldone.Asaresponsibleteacher,hetried_________(teach)thechildrenasmuchashecould.6)Mumallowedme______(swim)todaybutunfortunately,theydidn’tallow_______(swim)inthelake.togiveseeingdrinkingfollowingteachingtoteachswimmingtoswimlearn;agree;plan;ask;help;decide;want;fail;manage;expect;hope;wish;promise;offer;refuse;choose;afford第一组词：后接不定式的动词(动宾）finish，enjoy，keep，mindsuggest，avoid，admit，imaginerisk，practise，consider，escapedelay，deny，miss，appreciate，第二组词：后接动名词的常见动词第三组词：后接动名词的常见词组beworthdoing(值得…)(情不自禁)(想要做…)(放弃)(坚持做…)can’thelpdoingfeellikedoinggiveupdoinginsistondoinghavedifficulty/trouble(in)doinghaveahardtime(in)doing(成功做…)(做…有困难)succeedindoing(花/浪费时间做…)spend/wastesometime/money(in)doing第四组词：to”为介词的短语+doingbe/getusedtodoinggetdowntodoingpayattentiontodoingleadtodoinglookforwardtodoingobjecttodoingsticktodoing(导致)(反对)(坚持)第五组词：又可跟doing又可跟todo的动词stopdoingstoptodo{regretdoingregrettodo{forgetdoingforgettodo{trydoingtrytodo{meandoingmeantodo{rememberdoingremembertodo{goondoinggoontodo{can’thelpdoingcan’thelp(to)do{复习mean;regretHavingthisjobmeans_________(travel)abroadfrequently.Iregretted________(tell)herthetruth,andIdidn’tmean_________(hurt)her.Iregret________(tell)youthatyoufailedinthefinalexam.travelingtellingtohurttotell第六组词：又可跟doing又可跟todoallowpermitadviseforbidrecommenddoingsb.+todo+｛第七组词：动词+doing/tobedoneneed,want,require｛+doingtobedone4.作宾语补足语：(v.+sb.+todo)want;wish;expect;ask;help;tell;get;order;promise;warn;cause;wouldlike;e.g.Sheaskedmetohelpher.O.(宾语)O.C.(宾语补足语)常接不定式做宾语补足语的动词：常接tobe做宾语补足语的动词：believe;consider;think;suppose;find;feel;作宾语补足语不带to的情况：巧记：不定式不带to4看3让2听1感觉比较：Iheardhersinginginthenextroom.Iheardhersinginthenextroom.(片段或正在进行)(整个过程)注意：当hear等词本身用被动语态,宾语补足语do需要还原to。I.Reviewtheformofparticiple主动形式被动形式现在分词一般式现在分词完成式过去分词doingbeingdonehavingdonehavingbeendonedoneFunctionofParticiples主语宾语表语定语状语补语不定式从句与分词之间的转换1.主句与从句主语一致2.省略从句主语后，现在分词表主动，过去分词表被动3.若主从句主语不一致，使用独立主格•Ifthewaterisheated,itwillturnintovapor.=(If)heated,thewaterwill……•Oncethestorywastoldtoeveryone,thestorywasnolongerasecret.=(Once)toldtoeveryone,thestory……•Becauseshewasshockedbythenews,s