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PhilosophyandThoughts11PhilosophyandThoughtsOverviewAboutthetopicThisunitintroducesthelifeandessentialideasoftwogreatphilosophers—SocratesandConfucius.ThekeyistohelpSsdiscoverthedifferencesbetweenthetwophilosophersandexplorehowthedifferencesmighthaveinfluencedtheWesternandEasternphilosophicaltraditions.OnedifferenceisthatSocratespursuedwisdombyaskingquestions,whileConfuciuspursuedabetterworldforthecommonpeopleinhisteaching,politicalcareerandjourneys.Thetwotextshaverichcontentscoveringdiverseaspectsofthetwophilosophers’life,sotheTcanencourageSstoexplorethetwotextsfromdifferentperspectives.TeachingobjectivesUponcompletionofthisunit,theTisexpectedtoenableSsto:ObjectivesTasksintroduceSocratesandhismajorachievementsViewing(iExplore1)Reading(iExplore1)Identifyingandsynthesizinginformation(iExplore1)Buildingyourlanguage(iExplore1)Preparingforthestructure(iExplore1)Sharingyourideas(iExplore1)introduceConfuciusandhisessentialideasViewing(iExplore2)Reading(iExplore2)Identifyingandsynthesizinginformation(iExplore2)Buildingyourlanguage(iExplore2)Sharingyourideas(iExplore2)comparethetwophilosophersandtheirthoughtsinastructuredwayUnitproject(iProduce)12TeachingplanThefollowingplanisdesignedforasix-periodclass.Ifthereareonlyfourperiods,“Sharingyourideas”iniExplore2canbecarriedoutonlineandthe“Unitproject”canbeassignedintheendofPeriod4sothatSscanpreparefortheprojectafterclass.Period2• iExplore 1 Information• iExplore 1 Language • Assign task Period3• iExplore 1 Sharing your ideas• iExplore 2 Reading PhilosophyandThoughtsPeriod4• iExplore 2 Information • iExplore 2 Language • Assign task Period5• iExplore 2 Sharing your ideas• Prepare for Unit projectPeriod6PresentUnitprojectPeriod1• Scenarios• iExplore 1 Viewing • iExplore 1 Reading iPrepareAdditionalscenariosScenario1Oneday,youandyourforeignfriendsarehavingdinnertogether;theymentionthatmanycollegeandpostgraduatecoursesinWesternuniversitiesadopttheteachingmethodofSocraticseminarorSocraticquestioning.NotknowingmuchaboutSocraticseminar,youremainsilentonthistopic.Thusyoudecidetodosomeresearchandgainabetterunderstandingofthisconcept.PhilosophyandThoughts3Scenario2YouaretakingagroupofnewlyadmittedinternationalstudentsaroundyourcampusandtheyareattractedbythestatueofConfuciusinfrontofthelibrary.Theyaskyouwhothemanisandwhyheisputinfrontofthelibrary.Howdoyouanswertheirquestions?Scenario3YouaregoingtothecinemawithyourforeignfriendstowatchthemovieConfucius.YourfriendsaskyoutotellthemsomethingaboutConfuciussothattheycanunderstandthemoviebetter.Whatwillyoutellthem?Inthemovie,Confuciuscalledhimselfastraydog.Howwillyouexplainthistoyourfriends?Scenario4You are going to participate in the “FLTRP Cup” English Public Speaking Contest and the topic of this year is “When SocratesMeetsConfucius.”Whatwouldyousayinthisspeech?WhyareSocratesandConfuciusstillimportantforusover2000yearsaftertheypassedaway?iExplore1VIEWINGScriptsOhasUpadhyay:Hewasafamousguyalongtimeago.AlexandraBecker:It’sapersonwhoaskedalotofquestionstopeople.MilesMcDuffie:Yeah,I’veseenhispicture.Heisnotevenaroundrightnow.ThoughIhaven’tseenhim.MaggieWerner:IthinkSocrateswaslike,thisguy.Who...um,hewasverysmartandhe,IthinkhemighthaveinventedtheSocraticSeminaridea...Hewassmartandheuseditandsopeoplekindoflike…like“Oh,that’sagoodidea”andsotheystartedusingit,too.ConnorWhitehill:Uh,hewasaGreekPhilosopher,um,whohadmanyideasbuttheGreekjust...theGreekjustdidn’tlikehim.TheythoughthewasruiningthemindsofyoungGreekssotheyprettymuchsentencedhimtodeath,bydrinkinghemlock,whichisapoisonousplant...Prettymuch what happens is you get a big group of people. And, uh we start with a main idea or topic. The teacher will ask a question. And the group has to uh, keep asking questions. MaggieWerner:Yougettorelatewithotherpeopleandwhattheythinkaboutit,too.OhasUpadhyay:Sothatyoucanknowmorestuff.Interviewer:Whatdoyouwanttoknow?OhasUpadhyay:Whydothepeople…whydopeoplewearclothes?Whydopeople...Whatkindofhousedoyoulivein?Doyouliveinanapartmentbuilding?Howtodivide100and120?Howtodo2minus1?Iwanttoknownegatives?Howtoclimbabuildingallthewayuptheair?Howdoyoudothat?14ReferenceanswersA√1 2 (Socrates lived in Athens.)3(TheauthorofTheRepublicwasPlato,thestudentofSocrates.) 4 (Socrates was not as interested in science as Plato and Aristotle did. Socrates was more interested in ethics and philosophy.)√5√6BSsmightsharewhattheyknowaboutSocrates.ThefollowingpointsarefortheT’sreference.• Socrates was ugly.• His mother was a midwife.• Socrates was said to be a henpecked husband.• His student was Plato.• Socratic questioning is named after him.• Plato’s dialogs are among the most comprehensive accounts of Socrates to survive from antiquity.READINGSuggestionsforteachingTheTcanapproachthistextindifferentways.Herewesuggestaquestion-basedapproach.Byadoptingthisapproach,theTcanprepareSswithquestionsbeforereadingthetext,sothattheycanreadwithaclearpurpose—lookingforinformationneededtoanswerthequestionsorcompletethetasks.Step1:SincethetitleofthetextdescribesSocratesas“themanwhoaskedquestion