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-ingformsasSubjectandObject动词-ing形式作主语和宾语2什么是非谓语动词啊？“非谓语动词”,就是不是谓语的动词呗!那不是谓语是什么呢？。。。。。。3英语中，一个句子（包括从句或并列分句）必须有且只能有一处谓语动词，如果出现更多动词：•加并列连词（and/but/so…）•放入从句（用从属连词引导）•变为非谓语动词主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、补语、表语、同位语英语的句子成分？非谓语动词:在英语中，不作句子谓语，但仍具有除谓语外其他语法功能的动词，叫做非谓语动词。非谓语动词动名词(-ing)现在分词(-ing)过去分词(-ed)不定式(todo)动词的-ing形式特点：不能单独作谓语；没有人称和数的变化；可以有自己的宾语和状语甚至逻辑主语；还有时态和语态的变化。千万注意V-ing形式的变形规则哟！动名词是非谓语动词的一种，常用doing来表示，兼有动词和名词的特性。名词特征---做句子的主语、宾语、表语或定语，前面可有冠词、形容词。动词特征---它可以有时态、语态的变化，可以带有自己的宾语、状语、逻辑主语等。Hisnothavingbeeninvitedtothepartyyesterdaypuzzledallofus.动名词的完成被动式（带有自己的逻辑主语和状语）做句子的主语。Lookatfollowingsentences,payattentiontothewordsinred.听其言，观其行。眼见为实。覆水难收。开卷有益。Sayingisonethinganddoinganother.Seeingisbelieving.It'snousecryingoverspiltmilk.Readingenrichesthemind.Verb-ingformasanoun作主语：动名词Common?1.动词的______形式作句子的主语。2.可作形式主语。3.谓语动词用。单数it-ing动词-ing作主语表示经常性、习惯性的抽象动作或泛指动作,谓语动词常用单数。Goingtobedearlyandgettingupearlyisconsideredtobeagoodhabit.Talkingmendsnoholes.空谈无济于事。动词-ing作真正主语,it做形式主语光说不做没有用。Itisnouse/uselesstalkingwithoutdoing.—It’snogoodwaitinghere.Let’sgohome.—OK.Itisawasteoftimewaitingforher.记住：Itis+useless,worthwhile,nouse,nogood,hardwork,awasteoftime+doing动词-ing作形式主语即常用itbe+adj/n.+doingsthItisawasteoftime.(玩电脑游戏)playingcomputergamesIt+is/was+awasteoftimedoing做……是浪费时间的归纳：常用-ing形式作主语的句型有：•It+be+awasteoftime/…doing…•做...是浪费时间/…的•Itis/wasnogood/usedoing…•做...是没好处/用处的•Itisfundoing…•做...是有趣的•Itisworthwhiledoing…•...值得做...•Thereisnodoing…•无法...，不可能...※-ing在thereis/wasnodoing结构中作主语，这种结构的意思相当于“Itisimpossibletodo…”。这种事开不得玩笑。Hereisnojokingaboutsuchmatter.无法知道他什么时候离开。Thereisnoknowingwhenhewillleave.Thereisnodoing...无法……whatwillhappenbetweenthem.(无法知道)Thereisnoknowing作宾语：动名词•Giveone'salltillone'sheartstopbeating.鞠躬尽瘁，死而后已。•Livingwithoutanaimislikesailingwithoutacompass.生活无目标，犹如航海没有指南针。只接动名词作宾语的常见动词(短语)有:dislike,avoid,consider,finish,suggest,deny,imagine,risk,mind,keep,miss,enjoy,fancy,admit,delay,appreciate,practise,escape,can’thelp,can’tstand,giveup,putoff,feellike,succeedin等太多了，怎么记呀？为了便于记忆，特归纳如下：常跟动词ing作宾语的动词歌诀:考虑建议盼原谅，承认推迟有想象，避免错过继续练，否认完成再欣赏，提起冒险不喜欢，不许介意准逃亡。consider,suggest/advise,lookforwardto,excuse,pardon/forgiveadmit,delay/putoff,fancy/imagineavoid,miss,keep(on),practisedeny,finish,enjoy/appreciatemention,risk,dislikeforbid,mind,allow/permit,escapeShelooksforwardeveryspringto__________theflower-linedgarden．A.visitB.payingavisitC.walkinD.walkingin解析：考查短语动词lookforwardto后跟动名词作宾语的用法。【考例】※动词need,require,want,deserve意为“需要”时，后跟动名词的主动式或不定式的被动式作宾语，意义没有区别。如：Thewindowneeds／requires／wantscleaning．tobecleaned※...beworthdoing意为“...值得做”，用动名词的主动式表示被动含义，如：Whateverisworthdoingisworthdoingwell.【即时练习】1.花需要被浇水了。Theflowersneed/require/wantwatering.Theflowersneed/require/wanttobewatered.=2.房间需要被打扫了。Theroomneeds/requires/wantscleaning.Theroomneeds/requires/wantstobecleaned.=※有些动词后跟动名词或不定式含义区别较大。动词todosth.doingsth.remember记住要做…记得做过…forget忘记了要做…忘记了做过…regret遗憾未做…后悔做了…try企图做…试着做…mean想要做…意味着…stop停下来做…停止做…goon接着再做别的事继续做同一件事can'thelp无助于...禁不住...beusedto被用来做...习惯于...※常用-ing做宾语的句式有：•What/Howaboutdoing…•做…怎样？•Sb.beonthepointofdoing…•某人刚要做…•Neverdo…withoutdoing…/beingdone...•没有/未经…就不要…•Sb.spend/wastetime/money/energy(in)doing…•花费/浪费时间/金钱/精力做…•upon/ondoingsth.一…就…•Thereis/wasnothingworsethandoing...•没有比...更糟的•Thereis/wasnopoint/sense(in)doing…•做...无意义•Sb.have/Thereisdifficulty/trouble(in)doing...•做…有困难•Thereisnodelay(in)doing...•做某事不耽搁•Sb.bebusy/employed/occupiedindoing…•忙于做某事语态时态主动语态被动语态一般式完成式(not)doing(not)beingdone(not)havingdone(not)havingbeendone否定式Thegirlmadehermotherangrybynottakinghermedicine.被动式Idislikebeinglaughedat.-ing的时态语态难点一：无论是及物动词后面的doing还是介词后面的doing,均需考虑主语与该动作之间的逻辑关系，是主动还是被动。Istillremember______totheFamenTempleandwhatIsawthere.A.totakeB.tobetakenC.TakingD.beingtaken我不喜欢别人那样待我。我不能忍受和这样顽皮的孩子共住一个房间。Idon’tlike_______________likethat.beingtreatedIcan’tstand______________withsuchanaughtyboy.sharingaroom他悄悄地溜进了教室，没有被老师注意到。Hestoleoutoftheclassroom,__________________bytheteacher.withoutbeingnoticedExercises注：如果动名词表示的被动动作在谓语动词之前发生，需要用动名词的完成被动形式，如：Idon’trememberhavingeverbeengivenachancetotrythismethod.难点二：-ing一般式表示动作发生时间不明确，可以在谓语动词之前、之后或同时发生；-ing完成式表示动作发生在谓语动作之前。I’mlookingforwardtoseeingyousoon.I’msorryfornothavingkeptmypromise.Heinsistedonenteringtheroom.Heregretstellingalie.1._________________________________(没有按时完成工作)makeshimupset.Nothavingfinishedhisworkontime【即时练习】2.________________________(不按时回家)isnotagoodbehavior.Notcominghomeintime注：在某些动词之后可以用动名词的一般形式表示在谓语动作之前发生的动作，如：Excusemeforcominglate.Idon'tremembereverseeinghimanywhere.V-ing有自己的逻辑主语，形式为:1.my/his/her/...+doing2.名词's+doing3.me/him/us...+doing4.名词+doingTom’sbeinglatemadeMrSmithangry.HisbeinglatemadeMrSmithangry.Wouldyoumindmy/mesmoking?WouldyoumindTom’s/Tomsmoking?主语宾语动名词的复合结构前面带有逻辑主语的动名词结构所有格普通格注：如果动名词的逻辑主语是表示无生命事物的名词或不定代词，就只能用普通格，不能用所有格，如：Isthereanyhopeofyourteamwinningthematch?Theboywasfrightenedbysomeoneknockingatthedoor.我姐姐病了，使我很担心。____________________madeweworried.他从MRRS中康复过来极大地激励了其他病人的斗志。_______________________greatlyinspiredtheother____________________againstthevirus.Mysister’sbeingillHisrecoveringfromMERS