沈阳某公寓外墙保温施工方案

挤塑聚苯乙烯泡沫板外墙保温施工方案编制单位：中建八局大连公司编制人：刘大为李鹏飞李福勇中国建筑第八工程局2003年6月目录1工程概况··········································································································12材料组成··········································································································13施工要求及条件······························································································14施工工具··········································································································25工艺流程··········································································································25．1基层清理······································································································25．2配制砂浆······································································································35．3刷专用界面剂一道······················································································35．4预粘板端翻包网格布··················································································35．5粘贴挤塑板··································································································35．6安装固定件··································································································65．7打底··············································································································85．8滴水槽··········································································································85．9设置伸缩缝··································································································95．10涂刷专用界面剂························································································95．11抹第一遍面层聚合物抗裂砂浆·································································95．12埋贴网格布································································································95．13抹面层聚合物抗裂砂浆··········································································116细部及特殊部位做法·····················································································147安全措施········································································································168文明施工及成品保护·····················································································179成本降低措施································································································1710环境保护措施······························································································181工程概况沈阳克莱斯特国际外商公寓工程位于沈阳市皇姑区黄河南大街38号，占地面积76000m2，是由10个高层建筑和一个多层建筑组成的高层商、住楼群。工程总建筑面积365000m2。本工程高层楼体外墙采用挤塑聚苯乙烯泡沫板为主要保温隔热材料，以粘、钉结合方式与墙身固定，抗裂砂浆复合耐碱玻纤网格布为保护增强层，涂料饰面的外墙保温系统。下面以最早封顶的9号楼为例，编制外墙保温施工方案。2材料组成2.1挤塑聚苯乙烯泡沫板规格为1200mm×600mm×40mm，平头式，阻燃型，表观密度25～32kg/m3，尺寸收缩率小于1.5%，吸水率小于1.5%。2.2专用聚合物粘结、面层砂浆厂家已配制好，现场施工时加水用手持式电动搅拌机搅拌，重量比为水:聚合物砂浆等于1:5，可操作时间不小于2h。2.3固定件采用自攻螺栓配合工程塑料膨胀钉固定挤塑聚苯乙烯泡沫板，要求单个固定件的抗拉承载力标准值不小于0.6kN。2.4耐碱玻纤网格布用于增强保护层抗裂及整体性；孔径4mm×4mm，宽度1000mm，每卷长度100000mm。2.5聚乙烯泡沫塑料棒用于填塞膨胀缝，作为密封膏的隔离背衬材料，其直径按缝宽的1.4倍选用。3施工要求及条件3.1经业主、监理、总包、外保温施工单位联合验收的9号楼外墙体（可分段进行）垂直、平整度满足规范要求，门窗框安装到位，飘窗、阳台栏板、挑檐等突出墙面部位尺寸合格，办理交接单后即可进行施工。3.2雨天施工时，须采取有效防雨措施，防止雨水冲刷刚施工完但粘结砂浆或面层聚合物砂浆尚未初凝的墙面。13.3施工现场环境温度及找平层表面温度在施工中及施工后24h内均不得低于5℃，风力不大于5级。3.4外墙保温伸缩缝沿建筑物高度每6层设置一道，即在6层、12层、18层、24层的大墙面设10mm宽水平分格缝，飘窗及阳台处不设；具体设置位置为：分格缝的上口与该层飘窗窗台底面保温层的底面等标高。4施工工具电热丝切割器或壁纸刀（裁挤塑板及网格布用）、电锤（拧胀钉螺钉及打膨胀锚固件孔用）、根部带切割刀片的冲击钻钻头（为放固定件打眼用，切割刀片的大小、切入深度与膨胀钉头一致）、手持式电动搅拌器（搅拌砂浆用）、木锉或粗砂纸（打磨用）、其他抹灰专用工具。5工艺流程基层清理刷专用界面剂配专用聚合物粘结砂预粘板边翻包网格布粘贴挤塑板钻孔安装固定件挤塑板打磨、找平、清洁中间验收拌制面层聚合物砂浆刷一遍专用界面剂抹底层聚合物砂浆粘贴网格布抹面层聚合物抗裂砂浆分格缝内填塞内衬、封密封胶验收5.1基层清理5.1.1清理混凝土墙面上残留的浮灰、脱模剂油污等杂物及抹灰空鼓部位等。5.1.2剔除剪力墙接槎处劈裂的混凝土块、夹杂物、空鼓等，并重新进行修补；窗台挑檐按照2%用水泥砂浆找坡，外墙各种洞口填塞密实。5.1.3要求粘贴挤塑板表面平整度偏差不超过4mm，超差时对突出墙面处进行打磨，对凹进部位进行找补（需找补厚度超过6mm时用1﹕2.5水泥砂浆抹灰，需找补厚度小于6mm时由保温施工单位用聚合物粘结砂浆实施找补；确保整个墙面的平整度在4mm内，阴阳角方正、上下通顺。25.2配制砂浆5.2.1施工使用的砂浆分为专用粘结砂浆及面层聚合物抗裂砂浆。5.2.2施工时用手持式电动搅拌机搅拌，拌制的粘结砂浆重量比为水:砂浆=1:5，边加水边搅拌；搅拌时间不少于5min，搅拌必须充分、均匀，稠度适中，并有一定黏度。5.2.3砂浆调制完毕后，须静置5min，使用前再次进行搅拌，拌制好的砂浆应在1h内用完。5.3刷专用界面剂一道为增强挤塑板与粘结砂浆的结合力，在粘贴挤塑板前，在挤塑板粘贴面薄薄涂刷一道专用界面剂；待界面剂晾干后方可涂抹聚合物粘结砂浆进行墙面粘贴施工。5.4预粘板端翻包网格布在飘窗板、挑檐、阳台、伸缩缝等位置预先粘贴板边翻包网格布，将不小于220mm宽的网格布中的80mm宽用专用粘结砂浆牢固粘贴在基面上（粘结砂浆厚度不得超过2mm），后期粘贴挤塑板时再将剩余网格布翻包过来。5.5粘贴挤塑板5.5.1施工前，根据9号楼整个外墙立面的设计尺寸编制挤塑板的排板图，以达到节约材料、施工施工速度的目的。挤塑板以长向水平铺贴，保证连续结合，上下两排板须竖向错缝1/2板长，局部最小错缝不得小于200mm。5.5.2总包单位指定某一基面处理完成的楼层作为样板层交与外保温单位进行样板层施工。挤塑板的粘贴应从细部节点（如飘窗、阳台、挑檐）及阴、阳角部位开始向中间进行。施工时要求在建筑物外墙所有阴阳角部位沿全高挂通线控制其顺直度（注：保温施工时控制阴阳角的顺直度而非垂直度），并要求事先用墨斗弹好底边水平线及100mm控制线，以确保水平铺贴，在区段内的铺贴由下向上进行。5.5.3粘贴挤塑板时，板缝应挤紧，相邻板应齐平，施工时控制板间缝隙不得大于2mm，板间高差不得大于1.5mm。当板间缝隙大于2mm时，须用挤塑板条将缝塞满，板条不得用砂浆或胶结剂粘结；板间平整度高差大于1.5mm的部位应在施工面层前用木锉、粗砂纸或砂轮打磨平整。35.5.4按照事先排好的尺寸（见图5-1）切割挤塑板（用电热丝切割器），从拐角处垂直错缝连接，要求拐角处沿建筑物全高顺直、完整。砼外墙挤塑板100mm水平控制线图5-1外墙挤塑板排列示意图5.5.5用抹子在每块挤塑板周边涂50mm宽专用聚合物粘结砂浆，要求从边缘向中间逐渐加厚，最厚处达10mm；注意在挤塑板的下侧留设50mm宽的槽口，以利于贴板时将封闭在板与墙体间的空气溢出。然后再在挤塑板上抹8个厚10mm100的圆形聚合物粘结砂浆灰饼，如图5-2所示。5.5.6用条点法涂好聚合物砂浆的挤塑板必须立即粘贴在墙面上，速度要快，以防止粘结砂浆表面结皮而失去粘结作用。4当采用图5-2所示条点发涂抹聚合物粘结砂浆时，粘贴时不允许采用使板左右、上下错动的方式调整预粘贴板与已贴板间的平整度，而应采用橡胶锤敲击调整；目的是防止由于挤塑板左右错动而导致聚合物粘结砂浆溢进板与板间的缝隙内。5.5.7挤塑板按照上述要求贴墙后，用2m靠尺反复压平，保证其平整度及粘结牢固，板与板间要挤紧，不得有缝，板缝间不得有粘结砂浆，否则该部位则形成冷