PassivevoiceSA:Aileen被动语态基本用法当句子的主语是动作的执行者时,谓语的形式是主动语态。当句子的主语是动作的承受者时,谓语要用被动语态。被动语态由助动词be+过去分词构成,时态通过be表现出来。1.规则动词的过去分词:1)一般情况在动词原形后加-edwatch---watched2)以不发音e结尾的加-dpractice---practiced3)以辅音加y结尾的,去y变i加-edstudy---studied4)以重读闭音节结尾,末尾只有一个辅音字母,先双写该辅音字母,再加-edstop---stopped2.不规则动词的过去分词:amisarebeenhavehashaddodonewritewrittengogoneHisbrotherwashesbowlseveryday.主谓宾(受动者)Bowlsarewashedbyhisbrothereveryday.改为被动语态TheyplayfootballonSunday.Lucydoesthehomeworkintheevening.Theyoftenusecomputersinclass.WemakethesemachinesinChina.PeoplespeakEnglishasthefirstlanguageinUK.FootballisplayedbythemonSunday.ThehomeworkisdonebyLucyintheevening.Computersareoftenusedbytheminclass.ThesemachinesaremadebyusinChina.EnglishisspokenasthefirstlanguageinUK.你知道这些被动句的否定句和一般疑问句吗?1.Theymakeshoesinthatfactory.主语+及物动词+宾语Shoesaremade(bythem)inthatfactory.一般现在时:S(主语)+am/is/are+过去分词Helookedafterthelittlebabyyesterday.主谓宾(受动者)Thelittlebabywaslookedafterbyhimyesterday.Theybuiltthetallbuildinglastyear.Hetookgoodcareofhislittlebrotheryesterday.Wecleanedourclassroomjustnow.Theyusedthisroomforresting.Theyplantedmanytreesyearsago.Thetallbuildingwasbuiltbythemlastyear.Hislittlebrotherwastakengoodcareofbyhimyesterday.Ourclassroomwascleanedbyusjustnow.Thisroomwasusedforrestingbythem.Manytreeswereplantedbythemyearsago.2.Theyboughttencomputerslastterm.Tencomputerswerebought(bythem)lastterm.一般过去时:S+was/were+过去分词Tomwillcleantheroomtomorrow.主谓宾(受动者)TheroomwillbecleanedbyTomtomorrow.Wewillhaveasportsmeetingnextweek.Childrenwilltakesomephotosontheplaygroundtomorrow.Theheadmasterwillgiveatalkthisafternoon.Thefarmerswillgrowdifferentkindsofvegetablesnextspring.UncleWangwillmendtheTVsettomorrow.Asportsmeetingwillbehadbyusnextweek.Somephotoswillbetakenbychildrenontheplaygroundtomorrow.Atalkwillbegivenbytheheadmasterthisafternoon.Differentkindsofvegetableswillbegrownbythefarmersnextspring.TheTVsetwillbemendedbyUncleWangtomorrow.3.Theywillfinishtheworkintendays.Theworkwillbefinished(bythem)intendays.一般将来时:S+will+be+过去分词4.AmycantakegoodcareofTina.TinacanbetakengoodcareofbyAmy.情态动词:S+can/may/must/should+be+过去分词1.Hecantakecareofthebaby.2.Lucymaydrawthepictures.3.Youmustturnoffthelights.4.TheyshouldlearnEnglishwell.5.Jimcoulddoityesterday.Thebabycanbetakencareofbyhim.ThepicturemaybedrawnbyLucy.Thelightsmustbeturnedoffbyyou.Englishshouldbelearnedwellbythem.ItcouldbedonebyJimyesterday.1.Peopleuseknivesforcuttingthings.Knives____________forcuttingthings.2.Thestudentscleanthewindowsoftheirclassroomtwiceamonth.Thewindowsoftheirclassroom_____________twiceamonth.areusedarecleaned(变被动语态)3.Ifoundtheticketonthefloor.________________________onthefloor.4.Itoldhertoreturnthebookintime.She_____________toreturnthebookintime.Theticketwasfoundwastold5.Hisdoctormadehimhaveonlytwomealsaday.He___________________________onlytwomealsaday.6.Nowpeoplecanusecomputerstohelpthem.Nowcomputers___________________tohelpthem.wasmadetohavecanbeused7.Didyouplantmanytreesatthistimelastyear?___________________________atthistimelasttime?8.Mustwefinishourworktoday?_______ourwork_____________today?WeremanytreesplantedMustbefinished9.Theforeignfriendsgaveussomewonderfulstamps.1)____________________somewonderfulstamps.2)Somewonderfulstamps_____________________________.weweregivenweregiventous10.TheteacheraskedTomtoturnonthecomputer.Tom_______________toturnonthecomputer.11.Inthisfactorywomendomostofthework.Mostofthework_______________bywomeninthisfactory.wasaskedisdone12.Hecanmendthebikeintwodays.Thebike___________________intwodays.13.Youmusttakethismedicinethreetimesaday.Thismedicine______________________threetimesaday.canbemendedmustbetaken14.ThestudentsinthisschoolstudyGerman.German_______________bythestudentsinthisschool.15.Dotheyoftentalkaboutthisquestion?______thisquestionoften_______about______________?isstudiedIstalkedbythem下列时态的被动语态构成Wehavefinishedourcompositions.Wehavemadetwentymorekeys.Twentymorekeyshavebeenmadebyus.现在完成时:S+have/has+been+过去分词总结:各种时态的被动语态构成一般现在时:一般过去时:一般将来时:现在完成时:情态动词:S+am/is/are+doneS+was/were+doneS+will+be+doneS+have/has+been+doneS+can/may/must/should+be+done各种时态的被动语态构成时态主动语态被动语态一般现在时V.(原形)/V.(e)sam/is/are+V.pp一般过去时V.-ed/madewas/were+V.pp一般将来时will+V.(原形)will+be+V.pp含情态动词情态动词+V.(原形)情态动词+be+V.pp主动语态变被动语态口诀:宾语提前主语变,原主变宾by后见,时态人称be关键。何时使用被动语态呢?一、行为主体不明确,不必说出或者无法说出动作的执行者时。例如:Footballisplayedallovertheworld.二、不易找到或根本就不可能找到动作的执行者时。例如:Mybikewasstolen.我的自行车被盗了。三、汉语中含有“据说”、“据悉”、“有人说”、“大家说”等时。例如:Itissaidthatonedayheclimbedtothetopofahouseand……ItwasreportedthathermotherdiedofSARS.众所周知……Itiswellknownthat…据推测说……Itissupposedthat…四、汉语中含有“被”、“由”等词时。例如:TinaisaskedtocomebyPaul.Tina是被Paul叫来的。五、某些句子习惯上用被动语态。例如:HewasborninOctober,1989.•That’sall.