学士学位论文系别:生命科学系学科专业:食品科学与工程姓名:吴阳运城学院2010年5月铅对大球盖菇抗氧化系统的影响系别:生命科学系学科专业:食品科学与工程姓名:吴阳指导教师:王红运城学院2010年5月铅对大球盖菇抗氧化系统的影响吴阳(运城学院生命科学系山西运城044000)摘要:铅污染日益严重,已经波及到食用菌的培养,而且食用菌富集重金属的能力较强,为此,本文研究了铅胁迫大球盖菇菌丝几种抗氧化酶活性的影响。通过液体培养基培养实验研究了不同浓度铅(Pb)(0、50、100、150、200和300μmol•L-1)对大球盖菇抗氧化系统的影响。结果表明,随着Pb浓度的增加,脯氨酸、可溶性总糖含量先有略微升高后逐渐下降。在铅浓度达到300μmol•L-1时,处理组脯氨酸和可溶性总糖含量与其他组存在极显著差异,为实验浓度处理组中最低值,仅为对照的46.29%和15.34%。在实验浓度范围内,大球盖菇菌体过氧化物酶(POD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性呈现先上升后下降的变化趋势,并都在Pb浓度为150μmol•L-1达到峰值,分别为对照组的1.817和4.444倍;而200-300μmol•L-1的Pb则显著抑制POD和CAT酶活性。关键字:大球盖菇铅抗氧化系统Effectsoflead(Ⅱ)stressonAntioxidantSysteminStrophariarugoso-annulataWuYang(DepartmentofLifeScience,Yunchenguniversity,YunchengofShanxi,044000)Abstract:Thestudyontheeffectsofdifferentconcentration(0,50.100.150,200,300μmol•L-1)lead(Pb)onantioxidativesysteminStrophariarugoso-annulataindicatedthatwithincreasingcontentrationofPb,thepralineandtotalpolysaccharidesincreasedfirstslightlyanddecreasedthen.WithintherangeoftestPbconcentration,theactivitiesofCATandPODincreasedfirstanddecreasedthen,withthepeakat150μmol•L-1ofPb,while200-300μmol•L-1ofCddecreasedtheintensityofPODandCATsignificantly.Keywords:Strophariarugoso-annulataleadAntioxidantSystem目录第一章引言.................................................................................................................11.1大球盖菇的简介.............................................................................................11.1.1形态特征...........................................................................................11.1.2生态习性...........................................................................................11.1.3营养成分...............................................................................................21.1.4药用价值.............................................................................................21.2重金属铅的毒害机理与研究进展.................................................................21.2.1重金属对生物的毒害机理..................................................................21.2.2大型真菌对污染环境的生态修复研究..............................................31.3抗氧化酶系统.................................................................................................31.3.1抗氧化酶系统的组成..........................................................................31.3.2抗氧化酶系统的防御机理..................................................................31.4本研究的目的、价值和意义..........................................................................41.5本课题在国内外的研究状况及发展趋势......................................................5第二章实验材料和实验方法.......................................................................................62.1材料与设备......................................................................................................62.1.1实验材料...............................................................................................62.1.2实验药品...............................................................................................62.1.3仪器设备...............................................................................................62.2实验方法..........................................................................................................72.2.1PDA液体培养基的配制......................................................................72.2.2大球盖菇的扩种...................................................................................72.2.3不同浓度铅离子的胁迫与菌丝的培养...............................................82.2.4脯氨酸含量的测定...............................................................................82.2.4可溶性总糖的测定.............................................................................92.2.5过氧化物酶(POD)活性测定..............................................................102.2.6过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性测定..............................................................10第三章结果与分析...................................................................................................113.1Pb对大球盖菇胞内脯氨酸和可溶性总糖含量的影响..............................113.1.1Pb对大球盖菇胞内脯氨酸含量的影响...........................................133.1.2Pb对大球盖菇胞内可溶性总糖含量的影响...................................113.2Pb对大球盖菇抗氧化酶活性的影响..........................................................143.2.1Pb对大球盖菇胞内过氧化物酶(POD)活性的影响...................143.2.2Pb对大球盖菇胞内过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性的影响....................15第4章讨论注意机理性.........................................................................................174.1Pb对大球盖菇胞内可溶性总糖和脯氨酸含量的影响..............................174.2Pb对大球盖菇抗氧化酶活性的影响..........................................................174.3对本实验浓度梯度讨论及需进一步研究问题...........................................18致谢.................................................................................................................19参考文谢.....................................................................................................................201第一章引言1.1大球盖菇的简介大球盖菇(学名Strophariarugoso—annulata)也称酒红色球盖菇、皱环球盖菇。属担子菌门(Basidiomycota),层菌纲(Hymenomycetes),伞菌目(Agaricales),球盖菇科(Strophariaceae),球盖菇属(Stropharia),是联合国粮农组织向发展中国家推荐的人工种植食用菌之一,也是国际菇类贸易市场十大品种之一。其口感柔和清香、脆嫩可口,营养价值很高。我国于1992年通过华侨从国外引进的新品种。经过多年栽培,