语用学试题

词组互译1.persondeixis(人称指示)2.deixicalitems(指示词语)3.exophoricreference(文外照应)4.endophoricreference(文内照应)5.cohesion(粘连)名词解释1.Deixis:Atechnicaltermforoneofthemostbasicthingswedowithutterances.Itmeans“pointing”vialanguage.Itisaformofreferringthatistiedtothespeaker’scontext,withthemostbasicdistinctionbeing“nearspeaker”versus“awayformspeaker”.2.Persondeixis:persondeixisisconcernedwiththeidentificationoftheinterlocutorsorparticipant-rolesinaspeechevent.3.Timedeixis:timedeixisisconcernedwiththeencodingoftemporalpointsandspansrelativetothetimeatwhichanutteranceisproducedinaspeechevent.4.Spacedeixis:spacedeixisisconcernedwiththespecificationoflocationinspacerelativetothatoftheparticipantsatCTinaspeechevent.5.Deicticprojection：speakersseemtobeabletoprojectthemselvesintootherlocationspriortoactuallybeinginthoselocation.填空1.Theterm‘deixis’isderivedfromtheGreekwordmeaning‘toshow”or‘topointout’.2.Withindeicticuse,afurtherdistinctioncanbedrawnbetweengesturalandsymbolicuse.3.SpacedeixisisconcernedwiththespecificationoflocationinspacerelativetothatoftheparticipantsatCTinaspeechevent.4.Persondeixisisconcernedwiththeidentificationoftheinterlocutorsorparticipant-rolesinaspeechevent.5.Timedeixisisconcernedwiththeencodingoftemporalpointsandspansrelativetothetimeatwhichanutteranceisproducedinaspeechevent.选择1.Whichofthefollowingsentencesbelongtotheendophoricreference?A.“Shutup!”Thisiswhathesaidtome.B.Thiscityishighlycongested.C.Wecan’taffordaholidayabroadthisyear.D.Youcancomewithmeifyoulike.2.Whichofthefollowingsentencesbelongtotheexophoricreference?A.“Shutup!”Thisiswhathesaidtome.B.Thiscityishighlycongested.C.PeterstudiesJapanese.HewishestogotoJapansomeday.D.Wewereledintoabigroom.Here,itwassaid,thecomposergavehisfirstrecitalattheageof7.3.“Let’sgotothecinema.”belongstowhichcategoriesofdeixis?A.TimedeixisB.PersondeixisC.SpacedeixisD.Socialdeixis4.“Welearnedanewlessonthismorning”belongstowhichcategoriesofdeixis?A.TimedeixisB.PersondeixisC.SpacedeixisD.Alloftheabove5.“Openthewindowbehindyou,please!”belongstowhichcategoriesofdeixis?A.TimedeixisB.PersondeixisC.SpacedeixisD.Noneoftheabove简答1.Whatarethemaincategoriesofdeixis?Persondeixis,timedeixis,spacedeixis,socialdeixisanddiscoursedeixis,etc.2.什么是指示词语的指示中心？中心人物为说话人；中心时间为说话人说话的时间；中心地点为说话人说话时所处的地点；语篇中心为一句话中说话人当时正说到的部位；社交中心为说话人的相对于说话对象的社会地位。3.示词语的两种指示用法（举例说明）；身势用法的指示词语只有借助对言语事件的实在的听觉、视觉、触觉才能理解。用指示词语的使用常伴随指示的手势。如：Thisoneisgenuine.Thisoneisfake.象征用法的指示词语只需知道言语事件的基本时间空间参数就可理解。如Thecityisbeautiful.只要知道这句话是在北京说的，那么不论说话的具体地点是天安门广场还是水立方，thiscity指的都是北京。4.Whatisspacedeixis?Illustratewithexamples.SpacedeixisisconcernedwiththespecificationoflocationinspacerelativetothatoftheparticipantsatCTinaspeechevent.E.g.Openthewindowbehindyou,please!5.Whatistimedeixis?Illustratewithexamples.Timedeixisisconcernedwiththeencodingoftemporalpointsandspansrelativetothetimeatwhichanutteranceisproducedinaspeechevent.e.g.Welearnedanewlessonthismorning.