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大学本科学生毕业设计（论文）中文摘要I大学本科学生毕业设计（论文）测量平差程序设计大学本科学生毕业设计（论文）中文摘要II摘要测量平差是测绘类专业的一门重要的专业基础课程，是用于观测数据处理的一门应用数学。但是因为其计算量比较大，这变使大家在学习和使用的时候感觉十分头疼。虽然有很多简化了的平差算法，比如高斯约化法，但是这些算法一方面会影响计算精度，另一方面也不能有效的减少计算量。平差计算是利用最小二乘原理消除观测值与起算数据之间的矛盾，求出各待定元素的平差值并评定精度。而在经典测量平差中，主要研究四种平差模型方程（条件平差、间接平差、附有未知参数的条件平差和附有限制条件的间接平差）的列立和求解，其牵涉到大量的矩阵运算，传统的人工计算工作量很大。随着计算机的出现，矩阵运算就变得轻松，而且计算机的运行速度快，精度高，特别是对于具有大量矩阵运算，计算机轻松解决。前提是要编好相应的程序代码。本文运用visualbasic语言编制了一个平差软件，主要对水准网和附合导线进行了平差的编制和软件程序界面的设计，实现的功能主要有对水准网数据和附合导线数据的平差计算，当然为了平差后能使用数据，本软件还设计了数据输出的功能，使界面更友好，方便用户使用。关键词：水准网间接平差，visualbasic，附合导线条件平差，visualbasic界面设计（GUI）大学本科学生毕业设计（论文）ABSTRACTIIABSTRACTThemeasurementadjustmentisaprofessionalbasiccourseofGeomaticsengineer,ItisusedtoprocesstheobservationdataofAppliedMathematics,whichischaracterizedbythelargeamountofcalculation,theprocessoflearningandtheusingbecomeverycomplex.AlthoughmanyadjustmentalgorithmmethodsaresimplifiedsuchasGaussreductionmethod,butontheonehandthesealgorithmsaffecttheaccuracyofcalculation,ontheotherhandtheycannoteffectivelyreducetheamountofcalculation.Adjustmentcalculationistheprincipleofleastsquarestoeliminatethecontradictionbetweentheobservedvaluesandtheinitialdata,calculatingtheadjustedvaluesofallpendingelementsandassessingaccuracy.Classicalsurveyingadjustmentmainlycontainsfouradjustmentmodelequations(conditionsadjustment,indirectadjustment,accompaniedbytheunknownparametersconditionadjustmentandaccompaniedbyrestrictionsinindirectadjustment)ofcolumnandsolving,itinvolveslargenumberofmatrixoperations,thecalculationworkloadoftraditionalmanualmeasurementdataprocessingmethodrequiresthepreparationofaspecifictreatmentprogrammatrixoperations,sotheproceduresarecomplicatedanddifficult.Theemergenceofthecomputermakesmatrixoperationsbecomeeasy,andthecomputerisrunningfastandathighprecision,tothelargenumberofmatrixoperations,underthepremiseofthecompiledcode,thecomputercaneasilysolvemanyproblems.Inthispaper,anadjustmentsoftwareisusedbyvisualbasiclanguageofthelevelingnetworkandconnectingtraverseadjustmentofthepreparationandprograminterfacedesigntoachievethemainfunctionofthelevelingnetworkdataandwiredataadjustmentcalculation.Thesoftwarealsodesignthefunctionofthedataoutput,itisfriendlyandconvenientforuserstooperate.Keywords:parameteradjustmentoflevelingnetwork,Visualbasic,Visualbasicinterfacedesign(GUI)大学本科学生毕业设计（论文）目录III目录中文摘要...............................................................................................ⅠABSTRACT..............................................................................................Ⅱ1引言......................................................................................................11.1现状分析.............................................................................................11.2目的及意义..........................................................................................11.3研究内容.............................................................................................22VisualBasic编程语言概述............................................................32.1VisualBasic简介................................................................................32.1.1VisualBasic的发展.......................................................................32.1.2VB的功能特点................................................................................32.2VisualBasic简介................................................................................42.2.1操作界面简介.................................................................................42.2.2几个常用控件介绍...........................................................................72.2.3VB编程语言书写和变量声明...............................................................72.2.4矩阵在VB中的表述..........................................................................72.2.5VB中矩阵运算................................................................................82.2.6程序控制语句...............................................................................112.2.7控件数组.....................................................................................123平差计算基本理论............................................................................133.1条件平差...........................................................................................133.1.1条件平差原理...............................................................................133.1.2条件平差程序设计流程图................................................................153.2间接平差...........................................................................................163.2.1间接平差原理...............................................................................163.2.2间接平差程序设计流程图................................................................183.2附合导线平差计算...............................................................................193.3.1附合导线平差原理.........................................................................293.2.2附合导线平差程序设计流程图..........................................................214平差软件界面设计............................................................................234.1