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语法专项——冠词一、不定冠词的用法（a、an）1、用来表示“一”这个数量：Romewasnotbuiltinaday.罗马不是一天建成的。Hewillbebackinadayortwo.他将在一至两天内返回。apairofsocks,ahundred,twoyuanametre,eighthoursaday,twiceaweek,acupoftea.2、泛指某一类人、事或物，这是不定冠词的基本用法。Agrammarbookisnecessarytoalanguagelearner.对语言学习者来说，语法书是很必要的。Ahouseisausefulanimal.3、泛指某人或某物，但不具体说明何人或何物。例如，Amanislookingforyou.4、表示“每一”，相当于every例如，Igotoschoolfivedaysaweek.我一周上五天课。5、用在序数词前，表示“又一”，“再一”。例如，Ihavethreebooks.Iwanttobuyafourthone.我已经有三本书，我想买第四本。6、用在某些固定词组中：alot(of)许多，大量；afterawhile过一会儿；havearest（休息）；havealook（瞧瞧）；haveagoodtime（过得开心）；takeashower（淋浴）；takeabreak（休息）；takeabath（洗澡）；getacold（患感冒）；getafever（发烧）；makealiving（谋生）；inamoment（过一会儿）；二、定冠词的用法（the）：1、特指某(些)人或某(些)物，上文提到的，双方都知道的。Theblueshirtismine.蓝衬衫是我的。Ihaveacar.Thecarisred.我有一辆小汽车，它是红色的。2、指世界上独一无二的事物。thesun3、用在序数词，形容词最高级前4、用在某些形容词前，表示某一类人5、用在姓氏复数形式前，表示“全家人”6、用在方位词前。ontheleft7、用在乐器、棋类前。playthepiano8、用在表示海洋，河流，山脉，群岛及国家和党派等名词前。theBlackSea黑海，theYangziRiver长江9、用在由普通名词构成的专有名词前。例如，theUnitedStates美国10、allthesame仍然；allthetime一直；atthemoment此刻；atthesametime同时；bytheway顺便说；dotheshopping/washing买东西/洗衣服；inthemorning/afternoon/evening在上午/下午/晚上；intheopenair在户外，在野外三、零冠词的用法：1、在专有名词和不可数名词前。Tian’anMenSquare天安门广场，2、代词所有格（my，your，his，her等)、指示代词(this/these，that/those)、不定代词(some，any等)。3、复数名词表示一类人或事物时。Theyareteachers.他们是老师。Tigerslikemeat.老虎喜欢吃肉4、在星期，月份，季节，节日前:onSunday在周日，inMarch在三月，inspring在春天，onWomen’sDay在妇女节(如果月份，季节等被一个限定性定语修饰时，则要加定冠词：HejoinedtheArmyinthespringof1982.他在1982年春季参军。)5、称呼语前，名字前。TomMum6、在学科名称，三餐饭和球类运动名称前。Ihavelunchatschooleveryday.7、在表特定的公园，街道，车站，桥，学校等之前。No.25MiddleSchool8、某些固定词组中不用冠词。(1)与by连用的交通工具名称前(2)名词词组：dayandnight日日夜夜；brotherandsister兄弟姐妹;hourafterhour时时刻刻；hereandthere到处(3)介词词组：athome在家；insurprise惊奇地；atnoon在中午;onfoot步行；atnight在晚上；onduty值日；atwork在工作；ontime准时；forexample例如；inclass在上课；onshow展览；inbed在床上(4)go短语：gohome回家；gotobed上床睡觉；gotoschool去上学；gotowork去上班；goshopping/swimming/boating/fishing去买东西/游泳/划船/钓鱼四、有the和无the：1.inhospital住院/inthehospital在医院里2.infrontof在……(外部的)前面/inthefrontof在……(内部的)前面3.takeplace发生/taketheplace(of)代替4.gotoschool上学/gototheschool到学校去5.nextyear明年/thenextyear第二年6.ateacherandwriter一位教师兼作家(一人)/ateacherandawriter一位教师和一位作家(两人)五、练习题1.Therewillbe_____interviewbetweenthemanagerandhisassistantsthisafternoon..A.anB.aC.theD./2.LittleTonyis__________honestboy.Henevertellslies.A.aB.anC./D.the3.Pleasestayfordinner.Itwillbereadyinhalf______hour.A.aB.anC.theD./4.Canyousee_____one-eyedcowin_____field?A.．an,theB.．a,theC.．/,theD.．a,a5.A:Whichgirlisyourdaughter,Mr.White?B:Oh,look,thatlittleoneinred.A.aB.anC./D.the6.Hisfatheris________engineer.Healwayswears_______uniformatwork.A.a...aB.a...anC.an...aD.an...an7.______youngmanbesidemeis_______universitystudent.A.An…aB.An…/C.The…anD.The…a8.______girlwithatoyinherhandismylittlesister.A.AB.AnC.TheD./9.Myfriend,Harry,hisfavoritesportisplaying______golf.A.aB.anC.theD./10.Lastweek,Iwrote______articleonourSchoolFoodFestivaltoShanghaiStudents’Post.A.theB.anC.aD./11.It’s______pleasureformetobeinvitedtoplay_____pianoattheconcert.A.the,aB.a,theC.a,aD.a,/12.Iliketoread______book.It’sbetterthanreadingontheInternet.A./B.aC.anD.the13.Heorderedabooksometimeagoandnow__bookhasarrived.A.aB.theC.anD./14.Heorderedawashingmachinebyphonetwodaysago,andmachinehasarrived.A.aB.anC.theD./15.__________teachersaidthatJackwas__________newstudentandhewas________honest.A.The,a,\B.A,the,aC.A,a,anD.The,a,an16.Tomlikesplaying______football,whileLilylikesplayingviolin.A.the…/B./…theC.the…theD./…/17.Pleasegeteverythingready.Ourmeetingwillbegininhalf______hour.A.aB.anC.theD./18.It’sabouthalf________hour’swalkfromhereto_________nearestundergroundstation.A.a…theB.an…theC./…theD.the…a19．Morecollegegraduateswouldliketoworkin______westpartofourcountry____nextyear.A.the,theB./,/C./,theD.the,/20．Mygrandpausedtohave______walkinthegardenafter____supper.A.a,aB./,aC.a,/D./,/21．Thescientistsfrom_____UnitedStateslivein______NinthStreet.A.the,theB./,theC./,/D.the,/22．Thereis____reportintoday’snewspaper.It’sabouttheInternationalFilmFestival,Shanghai.A.aB.anC.theD./23．MrWangis___ambulanceman.Heisalwaysbusywiththework.A.aB.theC.anD.the24．Theoldladyteacheschildrentoplay______pianoataweekendschool.A.aB.anC.theD.／25、Lindaalwaystakes______activepartinsportsafterschool.A./B.aC.anD.the26、CanIhave______lookatthephotoofyourpenfriend.A.aB.anC./D.the答案：1~5ABBAC6~10CDCDB11~15BBBCA16~20BBBAC21~25DACCC26A语法专项——冠词1.Therewillbe_____interviewbetweenthemanagerandhisassistantsthisafternoon..A.anB.aC.theD./2.LittleTonyis__________honestboy.Henevertellslies.A.aB.anC./D.the3.Pleasestayfordinner.Itwillbereadyinhalf______hour.A.aB.anC.theD./4.Canyousee_____one-eyedcowin_____field?A.．an,theB.．a,theC.．/,theD.．a,a5.A:Whichgirlisyourdaughter,Mr.White?B:Oh,look,thatlittleoneinred.A.aB.anC./D.the6.Hisfatheris________engineer.Healwayswears_______uniformatwork.A.a...aB.a...anC.an...aD.an...an7.______youngmanbesidemeis_______universitystudent.A.An…aB.An…/C.The…anD.The…a8.______girlwithatoyinherhandismylittlesister.A.AB.AnC.TheD./9.Myfriend,Harry,hisfavoritesportisplaying______golf.A.aB.anC.theD./10