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1单句改错考查类型:1.多词1）不可数名词泛指时,多冠词,或不可数名词/抽象名词,多不当修饰词.2）谓语动词多不当助动词3）感官使役动词后不定式作宾语补足语时多了to4）不是从句却加了关系词或连接词5）及物动词后多了介词或副词6）比较级前多词7）词义重叠/冗词错误8）作时间状语的名词短语前多了介词9）固定搭配中多词2.缺词1）可数名词前缺限定词2）动词不定式缺to3）不及物动词后缺介词或副词4）固定搭配中缺词50被动语态缺助动词be6）句子成分残缺(一般缺谓语动词或动词)3.错词1）不定冠词a/an、定冠词或物主代词错误2）可数名词复数少了－s3）动词时态与时间状语（或上下文）不一致4）语态错误5）非谓语动词形式错误6）主谓不一致7）代词和名词不一致8）词义辨析错误9）介词与名词、动词或形容词搭配错误10）连词错误11）词类错误12）关系代词或关系副词错误13）逻辑错误14）固定搭配和习惯用法错误短文改错口诀动词形，名词数，注意形和副；非谓动词细辨别，习惯用法要记住；句子成分多分析，逻辑错误须关注。一、动词形主要包括两类错误：动词的时态和语态错误，以及主、谓不一致的错误。例如：Myfavouritesportisfootball.Iwasmemberofourschoolfootballteam.isNowmypictureandprizeishanginginthelibrary.are上述两例分别属于时态错误和主、谓不一致错误。找出此类错误的关键是树立牢固的时态概念，注意短文内容发生或存在的时间，保持时间概念的一致性。二、名词数指名词单、复数形式的用法错误。常表现为将名词复数写成单数。例如：…sothatI’llgetgoodmarksinallmysubject.subjects三、区分形和副即区分形容词和副词在句子中的作用和具体用法。这也是高考短文改错的常考点。例如：I’msurewe’llhaveawonderfullytimetogether.wonderfulUnfortunate,therearetoomanypeopleinmyfamily.Unfortunately需要注意的是，形容词多用来做定、表、补语等，而副词只能在句子中作状语，修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。第一例中的wonderful作定语修饰time，第二句的Unfortunately作状语修饰整个句子。四、非为动词细辨别这是考查最多的错误形式之一。主要有分词和动名词类错误，也包括不定式类错误。例如：…inmysparetime,butnowIaminterestinginfootball.interestedPlayfootballnotonlymakesusgrowuptallandstrongbutalso…playing2Myparentsloveme…andwilldoalltheycan∧makesure…to上述二、三例分别是动名词作主语，和不定式作目的状语。一般的，现在分词有主动态和进行时的含义，而过去分词具有被动态和完成时的含义，不定式有将来时态的含义。五、习惯用法要记住主要考查习惯搭配方面的基础知识。这也是历年高考的常考点，其错误表现形式主要有三种：多词、少词和搭配错误。例如：Itwasverykindforthemtomeetmeattherailwaystationand…ofWemustkeepinmindthatweplayfortheteaminstead∧ourselves.of__六、句子成分多分析不同的句子成分要用不同的词类；不同的语景要选择不同的词语。这些都有待我们对句子结构和句子成分作细致的分析，才能找出用词不当的错误。例如：They∧eagertoknoweverythingaboutChinaand…wereIliveinBeijing,whereisthecapitalofChina.which第一例漏掉了谓语动词were，这是受寒于习惯的影响而导致的错误；第二例则是词类与它在句子中的成分不相符，where是副词，不能作主语。七、逻辑错误须关注与句子的上、下文不一致，甚至相矛盾，属于逻辑性错误。如称谓上的张冠李戴，人名、地名、时间、方位等方面的错误，常是这类错误的考查对象。例如：TheSmithsdidhisbesttomakemefeelathome.theirFirst,letmetellyousomethingmoreaboutmyself.去掉more…nowayofsettingthematterexceptbysellingtheset.Nowsomeoneathomereadsinstead.everyone上述第一例中的主语是Smiths（史密斯夫妇俩），因此后面的his不合逻辑。第二例中的more在这儿表“再”的意思，才开始告诉别人，怎么能说“再告诉你一些事”？第三例讲的是为了解决看电视时的争端，“我们”把电视机卖了；晚上没电视看了，所以与从前一样，大家又都读书了，所以该用everyone。1.一致性问题：1）主谓一致2）时态一致3）名词的数与格的一致4）代词中指代关系的一致5）句式结构与语意的一致6）行文逻辑关系的一致2.词的用法1）词的分类知识：2）构词法知识：3）词的惯用法3.短文该错考查项目1）错词更正2）多词删除3）缺词补漏短文改错的12个错误类型:1.冠词使用错误2.名词使用错误3.代词使用错误4.谓语动词使用错误5.非谓语动词使用错误6.介词使用错误7.形容词与副词使用错误8.并列句与复合句9.用词重叠错误10.习惯用法错误11.逻辑错误12.一致性错误四不改：1.单词拼写不改.2.大小写不改.3.词序不改.4.标点符号不改.3名词和数词1.Don’tlosehearts.You’llbesuccessfulintime.1_______2.Ineedsomemoreinformations.2______3.Thesemachineslookthesame,buttheyareofdifferentkind.3_______4.Peoplerememberhimforhiscontributiontothecountry.4__________冠词1.Ataverybeginning,Ichooseaplayandactors.1_______2.Youcan’tconsiderhimahonestman.2_______3.InChina,childrenusuallystartschoolatanageofseven.3_______4.TheplayissetintheParis.4_______5.Itisnecessaryfortheteacherstoaddthearttotheirteachings.5_______6.Ican’tstopbecauseI’minhurry.6_______代词1.Knowingisonething;doingisother.1_______2.ThisisthebestfilmwhichIhaveeverseen.2_______3.Ialsoenjoyedthedayswhenwespenttogether.3___________4.Theoneswhatyoudecidenottokeepcanbetradedwithotherpeople.4_________5.Hedrovetoofast,andthepolicestoppedherandhandedhimaticket.5_______形容词和副词1.Bythetimewhenhewas15,hehadhadhisownlab.1________2.Thebadnewsmadeusfeelsadly.2________3.Areyoucertainlythathewillhelpuschecktheinformation?3________4.Thechildrenlearntoreadandwrite,theyplaygamesasgood.4________5.Hesetoffforworkanhourbefore.5________6.Ihatehimasmanyasyoudo.6________7.hewascaughtinaheavilyrain.7________8.It’snotgoodtokeepchildrenbusilywiththeirStudiesalldaylong.8________介词1.Don’tgetintothehabitofsmoke.1__________2.Wavingone’shandcanbeacceptedforcryingforhelp.2___________3.HecalledonJennyonthehopeofgettinghelpfromher.3___________4.BothMaryandhermotherwerepleasedatthegirl.4___________5.Theywillstartworkingafteranhour.5__________6.Heistheverypersonthatsetthetheaterinfire.6___________7.Ipersuadedhimtoreducethepriceat$1,500.7___________8.Yourwordsencouragemetogoonmystudy.8___________9.Agreatmanyofstudentswouldliketogiveupdrinking.9___________10.ChinadailyisalsopopulartostudentsofEnglish.10___________11.Classthreeintendstoputinadance.11___________12.Iwanttoseeitbymyowneyes.12___________动词41.Shelooklikeenjoyingtheconcerttheotherday.1________2.Waterpollutionoftenbringondisease.2________3.Thestudentswatchestheteacherdoingtheexperiment.3________4.Hecareforcollectingcoins.4________5.Sofar,hemadealivingbypickingupwastes.5_______6.Theyoungmandressedinbluearemybrother.6_______7.Thechurchburneddownyesterdaydatefromthe18thcentury.7________8.Heissaidsavingmoneytobuyabicycle.8_______9.Moneyisspendtolookafterpeoplewithillnesses.9_______10.Shewaspersuadedtakingthejob.10_______11.Compareto1992,thepriceofgrainwasincreasedabout50%.11________12.JudgeFromhisaccent,heisasoutherner.12_______13.Sheisusedtoliveinthecountryatpresent.13_______14.Weshouldstopthechildrenfromplayfire.14_______15.Withaboyledtheway,theystartedtowardsthevillage.15_______连词1.Thoughitwascold,buthewentoutwithoutacat.1_________2.Helikesspor