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过去分词PastParticiple课题策划：Guan目录1、谓语*2、表语3、定语4、状语5、宾语补足语谓语*•“Have+过去分词”→完成时/非谓语动词的完成时我已经看过这个电影了Ihaveseenthisfilmalready.你看见我的包了么？Haveyouseenmybag?•“be+过去分词”→被动/非谓语动词的被动孩子们被照顾得很好Thechildrenwerewelllookedafter表语•主语+谓语+宾语•主语+系动词+表语实意动词（半）系动词表语1.V-ed放在系动词（be,get,feel,seem,look,become)之后做表语，表示性质，特征，状态。主要表示动作的完成和状态，相当于adj.•我的心碎了。Myheartisbroken.•玻璃被Jack打碎了TheglasswasbrokenbyJack.•门仍然锁着。Thedoorremainedlocked.表语•Be+V-ed表状态V-ed相当于adj.•Theshopisclosednow.•Thewindowisbroken.•Thetownissurroundedbyhills.•V-ed表动作（被动语态）•ItwasbrokenbyTim•Itusuallyclosedat8pm.•Itwillbecompletednextspring.2.表语vs.被动表语3.当人做主语时，用V-ed做表语，表主语的思想感情。•当我们听到这个故事的时候，我们被深深的感动了。Whenweheardofthestory,weweredeeplymoved.表语4.某些V-ed并非过去分词，而是由n.变化而来的adj.•为此我自感羞愧Iamashamedofmyselfforit.•作为一个艺术家，她很有天赋。Asanartist,sheisquitegifted.定语•不及物V-ed作定语，表动作已完成。被动•落叶fallenleaves•退休的老师Aretiredteacher•升起的太阳risensun•及物V-ed作定语，表被动或已完成的被动。•一位受尊敬的客人anhonoredguest•一个分裂的国家adividedcountry.定语2.V-ed作定语，一般在被修饰词之前。Thebrokenclockshouldberepairedassoonaspossible.•但也有个别V-ed习惯后置。Thereislittletimeleft.Iwanttochangethematerialused.定语3.被修饰词是由不定代词Every/some/any/no+thing/body所构成的，V-ed后置。例：有人受伤吗？Isanybodyinjured?定语4.V-ed短语做（后置）定语，相当于定语从句HeisreadinganovelwrittenbyLuXun.Heisreadinganovel(whichwas)writtenbyLuXun.V-ed短语做非限制性定语，相当于非限制性定语从句Thebooks,writtenbyLuXun，arepopularwithmanyChinesepeople.Thebooks,whichwaswrittenbyLuXun，arepopularwithmanyChinesepeople定语5.V-ed作定语时の三种时态•Thebuildingbuiltlastyearisverybeautiful.•Thebuildingbigbuiltwillbecompletednextmonth.•Thebuildingtobebuiltwillbeahospital.(已发生）（正在发生）（将来时）状语1.V-ed作状语，表被动或完成的动作。Writteninahurry,thearticlewasnotsogood!•不及物V-ed不表被动，只表完成。fallenleaves•有些V-ed来源于系表结构，作状语不表被动而表主动:Lost,seat,hidden,stationed,born,Lost/absorbedin,dressedin,tiredof…eg:Lostindeepthought,hedidn’thearthesound.Borninthisbeautifultown,hehatestoleaveit.状语2.V-ed作状语，其逻辑主语=主句主语时，应注意人称一致。•________theearthtobeflat,manyfearedthatColumbuswouldfallofftheedge.•________fromthehills,thecitylooksbeautiful.BelievingSeen状语2.V-ed作状语，前面再加逻辑主语，主句的主语不再是分局句逻辑主语，这种带主语的过去分词叫做______________•Thesignalgiven,thebusstarted.•_______________有时也用“with/without+n.+分词”表示伴随状况。例：他们安静地坐在那里，眼睛盯着湖面。Theysattheresilently,withtheireyesfixedonthelake.Thethiefwasbroughtin,withhishandstiedbehindhisback.独立主格结构独立主格结构状语3.V-ed做时间、原因、条件，让步或伴随状语，相当于相应的状语从句。•时间：Seenfromthehill,thecitylooksbeautiful.___________________________,thecitylooksbeautiful.•条件：Givenanotherchance,hewilldobetter.__________________________,hewilldobetter.•原因：__________________________,Tomdidn’tknowwhattodo.Becausehewassurprisedatwhathappened,Tomdidn’tknow…•让步：________________,Iwon’ttakepartintheparty.EvenifIaminvited,Iwon’ttakepartintheparty.•伴随：Thescientistenteredintothelab,_______________________.Thescientistenteredintothelab,withhisassistantfollowedhim.WhenitisseenfromthehillIfheisgivenanotherchanceSurprisedatwhathappenedEvenifinvitedfollowedbyhisassistant状语4.状语从句改过去分词作状语，有时保留连词，构成“连词+过去分词”•While，when，once，until，if，thougheg:Whengivenamedialexamination,youshouldkeepcalm.状语•5.过去分词可以放到主句前，做句首状语，后面用逗号隔开；也可以放到主句后面，前面用逗号隔开。•Theysattheresilently,withtheireyesfixedonthelake.Withtheireyesfixedonthelake,theysattheresilently.宾语补足语（宾补）宾语补足语vs.双宾语•Heboughtadogfromthepetclinic,andnameditJayson.•Ishallgiveyouadog.•宾语补足语：用来说明宾语，与宾语形成主谓关系。形式：“主语+谓语+宾语+宾补”Heboughtadogfromthepetclinic,andnameditJayson.WecallhersisterLi•双宾语：有些及物动词可以接两个宾语,即指人的间接宾语和指物的直接宾语,形式：“主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语”Ishallgiveyouadog.Myparentsboughtmeacomputer.宾语补足语vs.双宾语ItisJayson.SheissisterLi宾语补足语1.表感觉，心理状态感官动词（see,watch,lookat,hear,listento,feel,notice,observe,think,find）+V-ed作宾补，表被动。例：我刚刚看到一个老人被车撞倒了。Isawanoldmanknockeddownbyacarjustnow.*Seesb./sth.done宾语补足语2.表“使让”使役动词（let,make,get,keep,leave,have)+V-ed,表使让。Itwassocoldthatthedrivercouldn’tgetthecarstarted.Thenewsreallymademedisappointed.*Makesb./sth.doMakesb./sth.done宾语补足语•Have/get+宾语+过去分词（宾补）①主动请别人做某事他想去剪头发Hewantstohavehishaircut.②主语遭遇某种情况他在打篮球的时候伤到了胳膊。Hehad/gothisarminjuredwhileplayingbasketball.③普通被动含义“使得……被……”我们要在春节前把墙刷完。Wearegoingtohave/getthewallpaintedbeforeSpringFestival.宾语补足语•3.表“希望”、“要求”、“命令”等•如like,want,wish,order……例：我可不想我的女儿天黑以后被带出去Idon’twantmydaughtertobetakenoutafterdark.*Wanttodosth.Wantsb./sth.done(被动）宾语补足语•(to)V./V-ing/V-ed作宾补的区别Isawhimtakeawaythebookjustnow.Isawhimtakingawaythebookonthedesk.Isawthebooktakenawaybyachild.Isawyoublamed.主动（结果）正在（过程）被动被动练习1.Allthepeoplewouldliketoseethelaw______.(pass)2.Hehadhisleg______(break)yesterday.3.Eventhebestwriterssometimesfindthemselves______(lose)forwords.4.Withhishomework________(finish),hewentouttoplay.passedbrokenlostfinished