资料管理员与学习密不可分的关系整合信息搜索与意义的

LibrariansEmbeddedinLearning:IntegratingInformationSeekingandSenseMaking资料管理员与学习密不可分的关系：整合信息搜索与意义的领会阿尔伯塔大学帕特丽夏·郎佩尔（PatriciaRempel）博士，资料管理员HerbertT.Coutts图书馆教育系南楼电话（办公室）：[phone]阿尔伯塔大学图书馆系统传真：[phone]阿尔伯塔省埃德蒙顿市电邮：[e-mail]加拿大T6G2G5PatriciaRempel,PhDIntroduction介绍Embeddedlibrarians:embeddedinwhat?place,spaceorlearningInformationliteracyinstructionInformationseekingSensemakingConceptMappinganinformationalthinkingstrategyConclusionInformationLiteracyInstruction信息素养能力的教育appearsundervaluedandunderdevelopedoftenone-shotworkshoporguestlecturerecentACRLinstructionalcompetenciescanoffervalue-addedlifelongresearchskillsgrowingavailabilityofqualitymediaand/orweb-basedtutorialsreinforcesinformal&self-directedlearningof‘how-to-skillsgiveslearnerschoiceoftime,placeandrepetitionInformationLiteracyInstruction信息素养能力的教育Iarguefor:increasedcollaborativeteachingembeddedinlearningcohortsseealsoKuhlthau,Caspari&Maniotes(2007)Mycontentionis:librariansembeddedasactiveparticipantswithinlearningcohortsengagedininquirylearningcanenhanceboththeefficacyandtheperceivedvalueofourinformationliteracyinstructionInformationSeeking信息搜索informationseekingdefinedas:acomplexinformationandcommunicationactivityrequiringaccesstodiversesourcesofinformation(Spink&Cole,2001)informationbehaviordefinedas:activitiesapersonmayengageinwhenidentifyinghisorherownneedsforinformation,searchingforsuchinformationinanyway,andusingortransferringthatinformation(Wilson,1999)InformationSeeking信息搜索ACRL(2000)definitionofinformationliteracycompetencyasetofabilitiesrequiringindividualstorecognizewheninformationisneededandhavetheabilitytolocate,evaluate,anduseeffectivelytheneededinformationallowsforwidediversityofinformationlocationssocialnetworksand/orformaldatabasesemphasisondatabasesearching,however,tendstoreinforceperceptionas‘schoolskill’InformationSeeking信息搜索emphasisondatabasesearchingalsotendstoreinforceperceptionastechnologyor‘ICTskill’whilemuchislearnedthroughtheuseofmedia,ICTskillsneednotembodyinformationskillsForthesereasons,IfurtherargueforgreateremphasisonlinkingthinkingstrategiesasembodiedinsensemakingoradaptivelearninganddoingsoasembeddedparticipantswithinlearningcohortsSenseMaking意义的领会Informationatooldesignedbyhumanbeingstomakesenseofarealityassumedtobebothchaoticandorderly(Dervin,1999)Sensemakinganactiveandongoingefforttodealwiththatwhichisuniqueandtransient(Weick,1995)occursmorefrequentlyastechnologyoutputsbecomemorecomplexSenseMaking意义的领会librariansmustparticipateinthemeaning-makingprocessnotdoingsoistofailtomeetthefullrangeofinformationneedsofpeopleinaninformationage(Kuhlthau(2004)IseesensemakingasadaptivelearningisourcapabilitytochangetheunderstandingsthatformourpersonalknowledgebaseinresponsetodesiredchangesincircumstanceorinperceptionsorunderstandingsofchangedexternalrealitySenseMaking意义的领会asitrelatestoinformationliteracyinstructionanotionthatlinksprocessesofwritingandthinkinginthedevelopmentofaresearchpaper(Northey&Tepperman(2007)findoutwhatyoudon’tknow–backgroundreadingfocusinitialwritingondevelopingone’sargumentreviseandrefinetheargumentreinforcesthatgatheringfactsisnottheendgamereflectiveoflearningtowriteinmultipledraftsInformationCommons信息资源notionIusetoencompasspubliclyaccessibleinformationincludestraditionalmediaandtheInternetInternetmorecontestedarenathanmassmediacanincludetraditionalsocialnetworksreinforcescommunicationasimageandstory,andtheInternetasamarketplaceofideasfurthersuggeststhatinformationliteracyshouldfocusonthinkingandwritingcompetenciesratherthanaccessskillsConceptMapping概念的构建avisualthinkingstrategyreinforcestheinformationseekingandsensemakingasiterativeprocessesreinforcesthelinkbetweeninformationliteracyandeducationalresearchliteracyquestionsandsupportingargumentsareattheheartofeveryresearcharticle(Shank&Brown,2007)sensemakingmeansknowingyourmainquestionandthepointyouaretryingtomake(Northey&Tepperman,2007)diagramschangeinthinkingovertimeConceptMapping概念的构建canbeusedasanadvancedintegrativeresearchmethodologywithK-12studentswithpost-secondarystudentsstartswithwhatyouknow,linksthatwithwhatyouwanttoknowwhatyoufoundintheliteraturewhatyourresearchfoundanexampleofconstructivistlearningConceptMapping概念的构建BroadTopicNutritionSocialdiversityHouseholdAdvancementNutritionRestrictedTopicVegetarianismVegetarianismVegetarianismDietsandnutritionalbenefitsNarrowedTopicNutritionalimplicationsLifestyleimplicationsEconomicimplicationsVegetarianismandnutritionalbenefitsResearchQuestionWhatnutritionalimplicationsaretheretovegetarianism?Whatlifestyleimplicationsaretheretoavegetariandiet?Whatcostimplicationsaretheretoahouseholdbudgetofavegetariandiet?Whatnutritionalbenefitsaretheretovegetarianism?(Burkhardt,MacDonald&Rathemacher,2003,p.28ConceptMapping概念的构建(Burkhardt,MacDonald&Rathemacher,2003,p.24)Conclusion结论SensemakingasthefocusofinformationliteracyinstructionreflectsinquirylearninginactionthepurposeofmuchinformationseekingusinginformationIntegrationofinformat