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ClinicalNeurophysiology临床神经生理学IF:2.979GéraldinePetit一、问题提出二、研究方法三、研究结果四、讨论五、不足六、点评1、Bingedrinkingreferstotheconsumptionofalargenumberofdrinksoverashortintervaloftimefollowedbyperiodsofabstinence.Bingedrinkingisacommonoccurrenceamongyoungerpeople,especiallyuniversitystudents酗酒指在禁欲后短时间里消费大量的酒精。酗酒的通常是年轻人，特别是大学生。{定义、对象}2、Theeffectsofalcoholonthecentralnervoussystem(CNS)havebeenextensivelystudied,andtheneurocognitive,neuroanatomicalandneurofunctionalconsequencesofchronicalcoholabuseinalcohol-dependentadultshavebeendocumented(Oscar-BermanandMarinkovic′2007).大量的的研究已经证明酒精会影响中枢神经系统(CNS)。成人酒精依赖者长期的酒精乱用对其神经认知，神经解剖和神经功能产生的影响(Oscar-BermanandMarinkovic′2007)。{影响}3、Comparedwithadults,relativelylittleisknownaboutadolescentbingedrinkinganditsneurocognitiveconsequences。Afewrecentstudieshaveexploredthecerebralconsequencesofbingedrinkinginnonclinicalsamplesofadolescentsanduniversitystudents.相比成人，相对很少知道青少年酗酒者对他们的神经认知影响情况。最近很少有研究探索了酗酒对非临床青少年样本和大学生的大脑影响。{问题}4、Withrespecttotheneurocognitiveeffectsofbingedrinkinginyouths,itisimportanttoevaluatesimilaritieswithdeficitsinducedbylong-termalcoholconsumptioninadultssoastobeabletodevelopadaptedinformationandpreventionprogramsforyoungpeople.关于酗酒会对青少年神经认知影响，那么有必要的去评估成人长期酒精消费导致的缺陷，这样可以获取有效的信息和的发展对青少年人群预防项目5、Theaimofthepresentstudywastoinvestigatewhetherbingedrinkingstudents,withtheirbriefhistoryofalcoholexposurecomparedtoadults,andwithoutadiagnosisofAUD,exhibitanymodulationinalcohol-cueprocessing.Morespecifically,wewantedtoexaminewhethertherewasanydifferenceincerebralreactivitybetweenstudentswithbingedrinkinghabitsandpairedcontrolswhentheywereconfrontedbyalcohol-relatedcomparedtononalcohol-related(control)cues.当前研究的目的在于去调查相比成人，短期的酒精暴露历史、酗酒的学生和没有诊断出AUD的人，是否展现出对任何酒精线索加工调节。更特别是，我们想调查对于非酒精-酒精相关线索对于酗酒的学生和配对控制组相比的大脑反应是否存在差异。6、Ourmainhypothesiswasthatbingedrinkers(ascomparedtocontrols)willdisplayanenhancedattentionalprocessingofalcohol-relatedstimuliascomparedtounrelatedalcoholones.我们主要的研究假设就是酗酒者会显示出相比非酒精相关线索增加对酒精相关的注意加工。（一）被试WefirstconductedageneralscreeningphaseamongstudentsattheFacultyofPsychologyofBrussels(Belgium)University.Threehundredstudentscompletedaquestionnairethatassessedpsychologicalmeasuresaswellasalcoholanddrugconsumptioncharacteristic我们首先实施的是对theFacultyofPsychologyofBrussels(Belgium)University一般的刷选。300个学生完成心理测量和酒精和药物消费特征评估。selectioncriteria:nomajormedicalproblems,nohistoryofCNSdisease(includingepilepsyandhistoryofbraintrauma),novisualimpairment,nopastorcurrentdrugconsumption(otherthanalcohol),nofamilyhistoryofalcoholism,verylowalcoholconsumptionandabsenceofbingedrinkinghabitsbeforestartinguniversitystudiesbutmaintenanceofthesamedrinkingpatternsincethen.选择标准：无主要的医疗问题，没有中枢神经系统疾病（包括，癫痫脑部创伤），没有视觉损伤，过去和当前没有药物使用（酒精以外），没有酒精成瘾家族史，在上大学学习前酒精低消费和没有酗酒习惯而且一直维持相同的模式到现在。{为什么都有这些刷选标准？}Allparticipantswereassessedforseveralpsychologicalmeasures:StateandTraitAnxiety(STAIAandB,Spielbergeretal.,1983),depression(BDI,BeckandSteer,1987)andalexithymia(TAS20,Bagbyetal.,1994).所有的被试要通过几个心理测验进行评估：状态特质焦虑问卷(STAIAandB,Spielbergeretal.,1983)，抑郁量表(BDI,BeckandSteer,1987)，述情障碍(TAS20,Bagbyetal.,1994).Onthisbasis,36studentswereselected.Accordingtotheiralcoholconsumptioncharacteristicswhileatuniversity,studentsweredividedintotwogroups,eachof18participants:controlsandbingedrinkers.基于上面的刷选标准，共选出了36名被试。根据他们在大学学习时的的酒精消费特征分为两组，每组18名被试：控制组和酗酒组Participantswereprovidedwithfulldetailsregardingtheaimsofthestudyandtheproceduretobefollowedandgavetheirinformedconsentafterreceivingthisinformation.ThelocalethicalcommitteeofBrugmannHospitalapprovedthestudy.Alltheparticipantswerebetweentheagesof19and26,withnormal/correctedvision,normalhearing,nomedicationandnohistoryofneurologicaldisease.Wematchedthegroupsforage,sex。本研究向被试提供全部的详细的关于研究的目的和过程，在被试知道研究信息后，获取知情同意。同样此研究获得BrugmannHospital伦理委员会的支持。所有被试的年龄在19-26岁，有正常/矫正视力，正常听觉能力，没有医疗和没有神经相关的疾病。同时，我们将两组在年龄，性别进行匹配Thegroups’characteristicsareshowninTable1.（二）、视觉材料的准备Alcohol-relatedpicturesandnon-alcohol-related(control)pictureswereusedastargetdeviantstimuliplacedamongfrequentneutralstimuli，Moreover,allthesedeviantstimuli(alcoholandcontrol)presentedaneutral,negativeorpositivescene.Toconstructthissetofpicturestimuli,westartedwith44pictures,chosenfromtheInternationalAffectivePictureSystem(IAPS)(Langetal.,1997),orfromourownselectionontheinternet.酒精相关图片和酒精不相关图片（control）在一定频率中性刺激中作为目标偏差刺激。所有这些偏差刺激分为中性，消极或者积极场景。我了构造这些刺激，我们从国际情绪图片库(IAPS)和互联网上共选了44张图片。中性情绪酒精图片中性情绪非酒精图片消极情绪酒精图片积极情绪中性图片积极情绪酒精图片消极情绪中性图片CACNPN320个刺激CN中性控制刺激72%4个blockPANANN目标刺激每个5次，占28%800毫秒600and1000ms间隔1200ms的反应时间正确率和反应时（三）程序（visualoddballparadigm）1、32导2、10-20电极3、增益300004、带通0.01–100Hz.5、电阻below56、基线200，持时间800ms7、低通滤波：30Hz8、(90–160msforP100；200–300msforN2b；350–650msforP3bThesevaluesweretestedusingrepeatedmeasuresofanalysisofvariance(ANOVA–Greenhouse–Geissercorrectionwasappliedwhenappropriate),pairedsamplet-testsandtwo-tailedPearsoncorrelations重复测量方差分析，配对样本t检验，双侧Pearson相关（一）、Behaviouraldata（行为数据）Overall,behaviouraldatashowedthatindependentlyoftheirgroup,participantsdetectedthedeviant，Positivestimulifasterthantheneutralones,andthatintheneutralemo