词语的翻译1.

Chinese-EnglishTranslationArrangementinthisTermWordTranslationSentenceTranslationParagraphTranslationWordTranslation--DenotationandConnotation1.Thedefinitionofdenotationandconnotation2.Theunderstandingandtranslationofdenotation3.TheunderstandingandtranslationofconnotationLead-in他是我父亲Heismyfather这姑娘是漂亮Thisgirlisreallybeautiful.此人是书就读Thismanreadseverybookhecanreach.是可忍，孰不可忍Ifthiscanbetolerated,whatcannot?是古非今Praisethepasttocondemnthepresent.1.ThedefinitionofdenotationandconnotationDenotation:(词等的)指示意义，本义.Thedirect,explicitmeaningorreferenceofawordorterm.Thedenotationof“home”is“placewhereonelives”,butithasmanyconnotations.Moon:1.thenaturalsatelliteoftheEarth2.anyobjectresemblingamoonDenotationisalsocalleddictionarymeaning,inherentmeaning,centralsignification.TheChineseequivalentsare指示意义、本义、词典意义、所指意义、中心意义Connotation:隐含意义ideaornotionsuggestedbyorassociatedwithaword,phrase,etc,inadditiontoitsexplicitmeaning,ordenotation.“Politician”hasdifferentconnotationsfrom“statesman”月亮：团圆、爱情、故乡等Moon:gloom,horrorConnotationisalsocallednon-inherentmeaningorsecondarymeaning.TheChineseequivalentsare内涵意义，隐含意义，涵义，比喻意义，引申意义，次要意义.2.Theunderstandingandtranslationofdenotation在翻译时应结合词语所处的具体搭配关系和语言环境进行全面、周密的分析。在这种情况下Undersuchcircumstances现在情况不同了Nowthingsaredifferent.前线有什么情况？Howisthesituationatthefront?我们可能去那儿，那得看情况而定。Wemaygothere,butthatdepends前面有情况，做好战斗准备。Thereareenemyactivitiesahead.Prepareforcombat.他就着油灯读信Hereadtheletterbytheoillamp.我这星期不忙，就你的时间吧。Makeitanytimeatyourconvenience.I’mnotbusythisweek.花生仁就酒挺合适的It’snicetohavepeanutstogowiththewine.这两个箱子轻重不一样。Thetwocasesdonotweighthesame.请你别见怪，他说话就是不知轻重。Ihopeyouwon’tmindabouthiswords.Hesimplydoesn’tknowtheproperwaytotalk.工作应分轻重缓急，不要眉毛胡子一把抓。Workshouldbedoneinorderofimportanceandurgency.Youshouldn’tgraspallatonetime.英军胜利地登上了小岛。A.TheBritisharmyclimbedontotheislandsuccessfully.B.TheBritisharmylandedontheislandsuccessfully.道可道，非常道；名可名，非常名。-----老子《道德经》TheWaythatcanbetoldofisnotanUnvaryingWay;Thenamesthatcanbenamedarenotunvaryingnames.知之为知之，不知为不知，是知也。Whenyouknowathing,toholdthatyouknowit,andwhenyoudonotknowathing,toallowthatyoudonotknowit–thisisknowledge.南京的风俗：但凡媳妇进门，三日就要到厨房下收拾一样菜，发个利市。这菜一定是鱼，“取富贵有余”的意思。ThecustominNanjingisforallbridestoinvitegoodluckbygoingtothekitchenonthethirddayandcookingafish,whichstandsforfortune.3.Theunderstandingandtranslationofconnotation3.1准确传递connotation,尽可能在译文中反映出原文的独特的文化信息和审美价值。旅游搭台，经贸唱戏a.Tourismsetsupthestageandeconomyandtradeputontheshow.b.Tourismpavesthewayforeconomicandtradingactivities.买大包装的吧，便宜多了。A.Buytheeconomysize.It’salotcheaper.B.Buythelargesize.It’salotcheaper.世事洞明皆学问，人情练达即文章。A.Theworld’saffairs,wellunderstood,areallscholarship.Humanrelationships,maturelyexperienced,arealreadyliterature.B.Truelearningimpliesaclearinsightintohumanactivities.Genuinecultureinvolvestheskillfulmanipulationofhumanrelationship.他是个纸老虎Heisapapertiger俺们俩的事，一条绳上拴着两只蚂蚱—谁也跑不了！We’reliketwograsshopperstiedtoonecord,neithercangetaway!……两块肩胛骨高高凸出，印成一个阳文“八”字。—鲁迅，《药》…andhisshoulderbladesstuckoutsosharply,aninvertedVseemedstampedthere.……只因生得妩媚风流，满学中都送了两个外号：一个叫“香怜”，一个叫“玉爱”。ButonaccountoftheirgoodlooksandcharmtheywerenicknamedSweetieandLovely.(杨宪益、戴乃迭译)…becauseoftheirglamorouslooksandaffectedmanners,wereuniversallyknownbythenicknameofDarlingandPrecious.(DavidHawkes译)……三十六家花酒店，七十二座管弦楼。…thecountlesstavernsandmusichalls.吴敬梓《儒林外史》(杨宪益、戴乃迭译)3.2利用好connotation，使译文更加简洁、生动1.他的爸爸正在为锯子锉齿。2.他的讲话离题了。3.她的额头上缀满了晶莹的汗珠。1.Hisfatherwastoothingasaw.2.Histalkbranchedofffromthesubject.3.Sweatpearledherforehead.4.Patty虚度了四年的大学生活，所学甚少。5.在父亲的震怒之下约翰终于屈服。6.你不该向我提供那么不精确的译文。4.Pattydawdledawayfouryearsincollege.5.Johnbentbeforethestormofhisfather’sanger.6.Youcannotoffermealoosetranslationlikethat.作业1、如果你留下来，我也要留下来。2、小马也就十二三岁，脸上还瘦。3、她怎么好好的就自杀了？这也怪了？4、你要是觉得这东西还看得过去，就买下来吧5、那位司机听不懂我的话。6、不是我不买你面子，实在是这事儿不好办。7、如果怕丢面子，就说不好英语。