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常用语法术语汇总词缀affix后缀suffix前缀prefix动词不定式infinitives关系代词relativepronoun先行词antecedent(定语从句中的which，that)分词participle:过去分词pastparticiple;现在分词Presentparticiple动名词gerund独立主格结构AbsoluteStructure；IndependentGenitive；absoluteconstruction；NominativeAbsoluteConstruction独立主格构造IndependentGenitive的复合结构作独立主格With插入语parenthesis例子：作插入语doyouthink；Ithink引导插入语with常用作插入语doyousuppose插入语ortryingtoforge插入语无实在意义adforexample毋庸多言/作插入语needlesstosay之后加了一个插入语aswellastelephones词性partofspeech11.实词notionalword12.虚词structuralword专有名词propernoun15.普通名词commonnoun16.可数名词countablenoun17.不可数名词uncountablenoun18.抽象名词abstractnoun20.物质名词materialnoun21.集体名词collectivenoun22.个体名词individualnoun23.介词preposition24.连词conjunction25.动词verb26.主动词mainverb27.及物动词transitiveverb28.不及物动词intransitiveverb29.系动词linkverb30.助动词auxiliaryverb31.情态动词modalverb32.规则动词regularverb33.不规则动词irregularverb34.短语动词phrasalverb35.限定动词finiteverb36.非限定动词infiniteverb37.使役动词causativeverb38.感官动词verbofsenses39.动态动词eventverb40.静态动词stateverb41.感叹词exclamation42.形容词adjective43.副词adverb44.方式副词adverbofmanner45.程度副词adverbofdegree46.时间副词adverboftime47.地点副词adverbofplace48.修饰性副词adjunct49.连接性副词conjunct50.疑问副词interrogativeadverb51.关系副词relativeadverb52.代词pronoun53.人称代词personalpronoun54.物主代词possessivepronoun55.反身代词reflexivepronoun56.相互代词reciprocalpronoun57.指示代词demonstrativepronoun58.疑问代词interrogativepronoun59.关系代词relativepronoun60.不定代词indefinitepronoun61.物主代词possessivepronoun62.名词性物主代词nominalpossessivepronoun63.形容词性物主代词adjectivalpossessivepronoun64.冠词article65.定冠词definitearticle66.不定冠词indefinitearticle67.数词numeral68.基数词cardinalnumeral69.序数词ordinalnumeral70.分数词fractionalnumeral71.形式form72.单数形式singularform73.复数形式pluralform74.限定动词finiteverbform75.非限定动词non-finiteverbform76.原形baseform77.从句clause78.从属句subordinateclause79.并列句coordinateclause80.名词从句nominalclause81.定语从句attributiveclause82.状语从句adverbialclause83.宾语从句objectclause84.主语从句subjectclause85.同位语从句appositiveclause86.时间状语从句adverbialclauseoftime87.地点状语从句adverbialclauseofplace88.方式状语从句adverbialclauseofmanner89.让步状语从句adverbialclauseofconcession90.原因状语从句adverbialclauseofcause91.结果状语从句adverbialclauseofresult92.目的状语从句adverbialclauseofpurpose93.条件状语从句adverbialclauseofcondition94.真实条件状语从句adverbialclauseofrealcondition95.非真实条件状语从句adverbialclauseofunrealcondition96.含蓄条件句adverbialclauseofimpliedcondition97.错综条件句adverbialclauseofmixedcondition98.句子sentence99.简单句simplesentence100.并列句compoundsentence101.复合句complexsentence102.并列复合句compoundcomplexsentence103.陈述句declarativesentence104.疑问句interrogativesentence105.一般疑问句generalquestion106.特殊疑问句specialquestion107.选择疑问句alternativequestion108.附加疑问句tagquestion109.反义疑问句disjunctivequestion110.修辞疑问句rhetoricalquestion111.感叹疑问句exclamatoryquestion112.存在句existentialsentence113.肯定句positivesentence114.否定句negativesentence115.祈使句imperativesentence116.省略句ellipticalsentence117.感叹句exclamatorysentence118.基本句型basicsentencepattern119.句子成分membersofsentences120.主语subject121.谓语predicate122.宾语object123.双宾语dualobject124.直接宾语directobject125.间接宾语indirectobject126.复合宾语complexobject127.同源宾语cognateobject128.补语complement129.主补subjectcomplement130.宾补objectcomplement131.表语predicative132.定语attribute133.同位语appositive134.状语adverbial135.句法关系syntaticrelationship136.并列coordinate137.从属subordination138.修饰modification139.前置修饰pre-modification140.后置修饰post-modification141.限制restriction142.双重限制double-restriction143.非限制non-restriction144.数number145.单数形式singularform146.复数形式pluralform147.规则形式regularform148.不规则形式irregularform149.格case150.普通格commoncase151.所有格possessivecase152.主格nominativecase153.宾格objectivecase154.性gender155.阳性masculine156.阴性feminine157.通性common158.中性neuter159.人称person160.第一人称firstperson161.第二人称secondperson162.第三人称thirdperson163.时态tense164.过去将来时pastfuturetense165.过去将来进行时pastfuturecontinuoustense166.过去将来完成时pastfutureperfecttense167.一般现在时presentsimpletense168.一般过去时pastsimpletense169.一般将来时futuresimpletense170.现在完成时pastperfecttense171.过去完成时presentperfecttense172.将来完成时futureperfecttense173.现在进行时presentcontinuoustense174.过去进行时pastcontinuoustense175.将来进行时futurecontinuoustense176.过去将来进行时pastfuturecontinuoustense177.现在完成进行时presentperfectcontinuoustense178.过去完成进行时pastperfectcontinuoustense179.语态voice180.主动语态activevoice181.被动语态passivevoice182.语气mood183.陈述语气indicativemood184.祈使语气imperativemood185.虚拟语气subjunctivemood186.否定negation187.否定范围scopeofnegation188.全部否定fullnegation189.局部否partialnegation190.转移否定shiftofnegation191.语序order192.自然语序naturalorder193.倒装语序inversion194.全部倒装fullinversion195.部分倒装partialinversion196.直接引语directspeech197.间接引语indirectspeech198.自由直接引语freedirectspeech199.自由间接引语freeindirectspeech200.一致agreement201.主谓一致subject-predicateagreement202.语法一致grammaticalagreement203.概念一致notionalagreement204.就近原则principleofproximity205.强调emphasis206.重复repetition207.语音pronunciation208.语调tone209.升调risingtone210.降调fallingtone211.降升调falling-risingtone212.文体style213.正式文体formal214.非正式文体informal