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Book5Unit1Grammar过分做表语、定语、补语1.过去做定语1.惊恐的人们2.被污染的水3.拥挤的教室4.打碎的花瓶5.关了的门1.terrified/astonishedpeople2.pollutedwater3.acrowdedroom4.abrokenvase5.acloseddoor一、过去分词作定语1、单个的过去分词作定语时一般兼有被动和完成的意义。eg：alostanimalausedstampaninjuredfingerabrokencoinalightedcandle一只迷路的动物一枚用过的邮票一个受伤的手指一枚破损的硬币一支点燃的蜡烛注意：过去分词作定语时，有时只有被动意义。e.g.：spokenEnglish英语口语writtenexercises书面练习少数表示位移或状态改变的不及物动词的过去分词只有完成的意义fallenleaves落叶therisensun升起来的太阳aretiredteacher一名退休教师anescapedprisoner一名逃跑的囚犯单个过去分词作定语，常放在被修饰词的前面;过去分词短语作定语，常放在被修饰词的后面。Englishisawidelyusedlanguage.Thisisoneoftheschoolsbuiltin1980s.3.过去分词作定语位置2、过去分词短语作后置定语，表示被动和／或完成意义。e.g.：HowIregrettedthehourswastedinthewoods!我多懊悔在树林浪费的时光啊Ilikewearingclothesmadeofthiskindofcloth．我喜欢穿这种布料做的衣服。ThebookswrittenbyLuXunarepopular．鲁迅写的书很受欢迎We’llgotovisitthebridgebuilthundredsofyearsago．我们要去看那座建于几百年前的桥。现在分词和过去分词做定语，有何区别呢？A.firstplayedB.tobefirstplayedC.firstplayingD.tobefirstplayingA①过去分词做定语：表被动，表完成。②现在分词作定语：表主动，表进行。TheOlympicGames,___in776B.C.didnotincludewomenplayersuntil1912.1.Thewoman____alessonisourteacher.A.givingB.givenC.togiveD.give区别CA2.Iborrowedabook______byMarkTwainfromthelibrarylastweek.Ilikeitverymuch.A.writtenB.writingC.waswrittenD.towrite1.Didyouattendthemeeting______yesterday?A.tobeheldB.havingbeenheldC.heldD.beingheld小试二、过去分词作表语1、过去分词作表语，表示主语的特点或所处的状态，其前的系动词有包括be在内的多种形式。e.g.：Everyonepresentisveryinspiredathisspeech．听了他的发言，在场的所有人都很振奋。Youseemfrightened.你似乎受了惊吓。2、过去分词作表语，构成的系表结构与被动语态的区别：过去分词作表语，强调特点或状态；而被动语态中，强调动作。e.g.：Thisshopisnowclosed．这家商店现在已经关门了。Thisshopisclosedat6pmeveryday．这家商店每天6点关门。(状态)(动作）现在分词和过去分词作表语的区别•V-ing形式表示“令人……的”•V-ed形式表示“某人感到……的”Thestoryisinteresting.Iaminterestedinthestory.Dotheexercise4onpage5C•Whathehasdoneisreally____.Nowhisparentsare_____him.A.disappointed;disappointedatB.disappointing;disappointedaboutC.disappointing;disappointedwithD.disappointed;disappointingby1.Asisknowntousall,travelingis____,butweoftenfeel_____whenwearebackfromtravels.A.interesting;tiredB.interested;tiring.C.interesting;tiringD.interested;tired2.Hearingthe___news,weallfelt____A.encouraging;encouragingB.encouraged;encouragedC.encouraged;encouragingD.encouraging;encouraged1.LindaworkedfortheMinnesotaManufacturingandMiningCompany,______as3M.A.knowingB.knownC.beingknownD.tobeknown高考链接B解析：答案B。此处考查过去分词作后置定语，3M与know之间是被动关系，故用过去分词表示被动。2.Thedisc,digitally________inthestudio,soundedfantasticatthepartythatnight.A.recordedB.recordingC.toberecordedD.havingrecorded高考链接A解析：答案A。此处考查过去分词作后置定语，disc与record之间是被动关系，故用过去分词表示。3.Don’tusewords,expressions,orphrases_______onlytopeoplewithspecificknowledge.A.beingknownB.havingbeenknownC.tobeknownD.known高考链接D解析：答案D。know与words，expressions，phrases构成动宾关系，故用过去分词表示被动。4.TsinghuaUniversity,_______in1911,ishometoagreatnumberofoutstandingfigures.(2011福建)A.foundB.foundingC.foundedD.tobefounded高考链接C5.Theplayers_______fromthewholecountryareexpectedtobringushonourinthissummergame.(2011湖南)A.selectingB.toselectC.selectedD.havingselected高考链接C6.Withthegovernment’said,those_____bytheearthquakehavemovedtothenewsettlements.(2009上海)A.affectB.affectedC.affectingD.wereaffected高考链接B7.Goods___onlineareoftencheaperthanthoseinthesupermarket.A.tobuyB.buyingC.boughtD.havebeenbought8.Alltheroadslookedthesameandhefeltthoroughly___.A.confusedB.confusingC.confuseD.confusion9.Thenewssounds___.A.encouragingB.tobeencouragedC.encouragedD.beingencouraged10.Alice,hurryup.I’mafraidyouwon’thavetimeto___beforetheparty.A.getchangeB.getchangingC.getchangedD.gettochangeTask:TrytoanalyzethefollowingsentencesWethinkhimclever.Wesawherenteringtheroom.Youmustgettheworkfinishedby10o’clock.EveryonecallshimTom.Youmustn’tforcehimtolendhismoneytoyou.宾语宾补Isawthem______(catch)intherain.caughtIhadmyhair_____(cut)yesterday.cut•Thehouseisbroken.•Pleasegetthehouse_________(mend)now.mended•XiaoXinfoundallhismoney_______(steal)onthestreet.stolenMymotherneverallowmetoplaycomputergameswithmyhomework__________(unfinish).unfinished作宾语补足语的过去分词与宾语之间的关系1.Iwanttheletterposted.我想把这封信寄出去。Canyousmellthefoodburnt？你能闻到食物糊了吗？2.Shefoundherringgoneonherwayhome.在回家的路上,她发现项链不见了。Theyfoundtheworldchanged.他们发现世界改变了。Isawtheleavesfallenthismorning.今天早上，我发现树叶落了。3.WhenIcamein,Ifoundastrangegirlseatedinthecorner.我进来时,发现一个陌生的女孩坐在角落里。Hecannotgethimselfdressed.他不会自己穿衣服。Ifoundthecathiddenunderthebed,whohadcaughtamouse？我发现猫藏在床下，谁把老鼠捉到的？过去分词作宾补常用于以下五个方面:1.在感官动词（feel,find,hear,notice,see,watch等）之后，表示感受到某人或某事被做。IwassleepingwhenIheardmynamecalled.Whenwegottoschool,wefoundthedoorlocked.2.在表示“意欲；命令”的动词（like,order,want,wish）之后Iwishtheseletterstypedassoonaspossible.Hedidn’twantsuchquestiondiscussedatthemeeting.3.在使役动词（get,have,make,keep,leave）之后,用过去分词作宾语补足语,表示“使/让…被做”。Iwanttomakemyhaircut.Janegotherbadtoothpulledoutatthedentist’s.Thebossmadetheworkersworkdayandnight.Theymadepaperflowerstodecoratethehouse.=Theworkersweremadetoworkdayandnight=Paperflowersweremadetodecoratethehouse.2.看watch,notice,see,lookat,observe,catch听hear,listento感feel闻smell发现find3.情感want,wish,like1.使役keep,leave,get,have,makesth./sb.done4.“have+宾语＋过去分词”的几种含义在“have＋宾语＋过去分词”结构中，过去分词作宾语补足语，have也可用get。这一结构有以下几种含义