初三下学期冲刺中考系列讲义(第六讲)

初三下学期冲刺中考系列讲义（第六讲）第一部分语法+字词综合运用语法专题——形容词与副词考点形容词副词用法(1)作定语，在名词前;【注意】修饰不定代词要后置；修饰enough要前置(2)作表语，在系动词后;【注意】系动词：be、感官动词、表示变得的动词(3)做宾补，常与make,keep,find,leave等动词连用;(4)the+adj.表示一类人(1)修饰动词(2)修饰形容词(3)修饰副词(4)修饰句子【注意】else修饰疑问词和不定代词要放在这些词的后面。辨析(1)部分-ly结尾的为形容词，如lovely、lively、likely、friendly、daily、lonely等。(2)well、early、hard、high既可作adj.，也可作adv.(3)区别-ed与-ing的区别。(4)区别so与such：①so+adj/adv.such+(a/an)+adj.+n.②当名词前的形容词是many,much,few,little时，只能用so，不能用such。③such+a/an+adj.+n.=so+adj.+a/an+n.原级(1)肯定句：as+adj./adv+as像…一样(2)否定句：not+so/as+adj./adv.+as不像…一样(3)倍数表达：Abe+倍数+as+原级+asBA是B的…倍【注意】其中的倍数表达：一倍用once，两倍用twice，三倍及以上用基数词+times.比较级(1)不规则变化：①good/well-better-best②bad/badly/ill-worse-worst③many/much-more-most④little-less-least⑤far-further/farther-furthest/farthest⑥old-older/elder-oldest/eldest(2)标志词：than可修饰比较级的词：much、even、far、alittle、abit等；(3)比较级数量范围为两者之间，常见标志词为between、parents、couple、twins。(4)A+谓语动词+比较级+thananyother+单数名词A比任何一个人或物都…(5)A+谓语动词+the+比较级+ofthetwo…两者中较…的(6)“比较级and比较级”或“moreandmore+多音节词”越来越…(7)the+比较级…,the+比较级…越…越…(8)A+谓语动词+倍数+比较级+than+BA比B大…倍最高级(1)标志词：in/of/among+范围的介词短语。(2)形容词最高级前要加定冠词the，副词最高级前可以省略。(3)oneofthe+最高级+可数名词复数形式(4)A+谓语动词+the序数词+最高级+单数名词+in/of介词短语(5)–ly结尾的副词只有early-earlier-earliest，其余-ly结尾的副词都是前加more或most构成。一、【单项选择】()1.Alanisacarefuldriver,buthedrives_______ofmyfriends.A.morecarefullyB.themostcarefullyC.lesscarefullyD.theleastcarefully()2.——Hi,Cindy.Youareridingabiketoday.——Yes.Drivingacartoschooleverydaymakesmemuch_______.A.fatB.fatterC.thinD.thinner()3.Mr.Brownalwaysmakeshisclass_______andkeepshisstudents_______inhisclass.A.alive;interestingB.lively;interestingC.alive;interestedD.lively;interested()4.——Howareyoutoday,Bob?——I'meven_______now.Idon'tthinkthemedicineworks.A.betterB.worseC.goodD.bad()5.Juliaisveryclever.Infact,Idoubtwhetheranyoneintheclasshas_______IQ.A.ahighB.ahigherC.thehigherD.thehighest二、【综合填空】DearTom,Areyousurprisedtohearfromme?Ihavenotheardfromyou6sthebeginningofthesummer7h.Howareyougettingonwithyour8s?Howareyourparents?IsyourbrotherBill9b10fCanadayet?Mystampcollectionis11gbiggerandbigger.Ihavecollectedstampsofmorethanforty12dcountries.Inmystampbooks,Iusuallyputthestampsfromeachcountrytogether.Ihavegotapen-friendfromBritain.Shegavemesome13Bstamps.MyAmericanteacherhasgivenmesomebeautifulAmericanandCanadianstamps.I'mgladtoknowyouaregoingtogivemesomeforeignstamps,butIstillhavenot14rthestampsofNepalwhichyousaidto15pme.Haveyousentthemoffyet?Pleasewritetomesoon.Yours,ZhouWen三、【短文改错】NowI'dliketotellyouwhyIlearnEnglish.16．_______________IoftenreadEnglishaloudandtrylearnsomething17．_______________importantbyhearts,whichhelpsmerememberiteasilyand18．_______________formthegoodhabitofthinkinginEnglish.19．_______________IlistentoalotandtalkwithothersinEnglish.20．_______________Inthisway,Iwasimprovedbothmyhearing21．_______________andmyspokenEnglish.IkeepadiaryinEnglisheverydaybutmy22．_______________spokenEnglishisbecomingbetterandbetter.23．_______________Ialsotrymybesttomasterthenecessarygrammarknowledge.Bythisway,Icanexpressitself24．_______________inEnglishcorrect.That'sthewayIhavebeenlearning25．_______________English.Ihopeitwillbeusefultoyou.第二部分语篇综合提升2014北京市西城区二模D篇ThankspartlytotheeffortsoffirstladyMichelleObama,mostschoolsaretryingtomakeschoollunchesmorenutritious(有营养)andlessfattening.Butthereismoretolunchthanfood,andmanyschoolsaremissingchancesforteachablemoments.Ifyouareolderthan50,youmayrememberwhenstudentshadenoughtimeatlunchtogohomeandeatwiththeirmothers.Thesedays,Motherismostlikelyatwork,andlunchisaschoolactivity.IremembermyfirstdayatGreenwichCountryDaySchoolaftersevenyearsinapublicelementaryschool.Thebiggestdifferencebetweenthetwoschoolswaslunch.Attheprivateschool,therewasnocafeteria;therewasadiningroom.Everydayatnoon,wedinedatbigroundtables.Wesatonchairs,notbenches.Ateachersatateachtable,andchildrentookturnsgoing1oacountertogetfood.Weusedrealplatesandstainless-steelcutlery(不锈钢餐具),notplasticforksandtrays.Theteacheratthetableledtheconversation,andeveryonewasexpectedtojoinit.Childrentookturnsclearingoffandcleaningthetableattheendofthemeal.Istillrememberconversationsfromthoselunches50yearsago.Lunchwaspartoftheinstructionandtreatedaspartoftheschool’stask,whichisto“enableallchildreninourcaretodiscoverandtodevelopwhatisfinestinthemselves—toachievethehigheststandardsintheirstudies,intheirplay,andintheircharacter.”GreenwichCountryDayisoneofthecountry’srichestschools,butcivilizeddiningcanbeanimportantpartofeducation.EchoHillOutdoorSchoolinMaryland,whereIalsousedtowork,runsonasmallamountofmoney.Thedininghallisawoodenbuildingwithlargewindowsthathelpschildrenfeelrelaxed.EchoHillusesitshour-longlunchperiodforteacher-ledconversation,songsabouttheenvironmentandasurveyofhowmuchfoodwaswasted.Lunchispartofthecurriculum(课程),butitissorelaxingthatkidsdon’trealizetheyarelearningsomethingofvalue.ItisgenerallyacceptedthatAmericanfamiliesdonoteattogetherasmuchastheyusedto.Forthisreason,itismoreimportantthaneverthatschoollunchesbecomeatimeforcivilizedconversationandbehavior.Withafewchanges,schoollunchcanbeanimportantparto