要中英习语文化差别-英语-毕业论文-英语专业

0陕西师范大学远程教育学院函授生毕业论文论文题目论中英习语的文化差别姓名李小艳学号14115109005专业英语年级2014级层次专升本教学点榆林函授站交论文时间2016年1月20日评语成绩__________评阅教师__________备注：论文成绩采取优秀、良好、及格、不及格四个等级进行评阅1CulturalDifferencesbetweenEnglishandChineseIdiomaticPhrasesAbstractIdiomsaresocialproducts,carryinganation'scivilization.Lifecanbeusedandseenanywhere.Theyhaverichculturalconnotations,reflectingthedifferentethnicgroupsinhistory,geography,religion,customsandwaysofthinking.Soitisnecessarytocomparetheirculture.Inthispaper,theauthorwilldiscusstheidiomsinfivelevels:livingenvironment,custom,religion,allusion,andacknowledgeofobjectivethings.Thetranslationofidiomsinbothlanguagesshouldnotonlybeasimpleconversion,butalsoculturalexchanges.KeyWords:Idioms;culture;culturedifferences2CatalogueAbstract.................................................1Introduction.............................................31CulturaldifferencesbetweenEnglishandChineseIdioms31.1Differencesinlivingenvironment.................31.2DifferencesinCustoms............................51.3CulturalDifferencesinReligiousBeliefs.........71.4Allusion..........................................91.5Differentopinionsonobjects....................10Conclusion..............................................13Bibliography:...........................................143IntroductionLanguagecarriesarichconnotationsaboutculture,however,theidiom,astheessenceofalanguage,isevenmoreso.Alotofformsoffixed,brachylogy,concision,andfullofimplications,ratherethniccharacteristicsoftheidiomsarefrominEnglishandChineselonghistory.Theidiomhasastrongculturalidentityandisthecoreandessenceoflanguageandanimportantpartofsocietyandculture.Theseidiomsandthisnation’scustoms,historyandculturearelinkedincountlessways.“Cultureisacomplexbody,includingphysicals,knowledge,beliefs,arts,ethics,law,customs,andtherestoftheabilityandhabitwhichlearnedfromthecommunity.”Anations’values,socialcustoms,waysofthinkingareallmostvividlymanifestintheidiom.AboutIdiomaticphrases,“Oxford”explanationisthattheidiomisdividedintotwomeanings:(1)languageofapeopleorcountry；specificcharacterofthis；（2）(gram)successionofwordswhosemeaningisnotobviousthroughknowledgeoftheindividualmeaningsoftheconstituentwordsbutmustbeleanasawhole.Therefore,theIdiomaticphrases,includingidioms,proverbs,sayings,phrases,slangandallusions.FromtheLinguisticWeltanschauungs,thenationallifeoftheEarthisonlyone;therefore,thecommonalitiesofdifferentethniclanguageandculturemustexist.However,“differentethniclanguages,becausethephysicalenvironmentandlocatedindifferentgeographical,socialandculturalphilosophiesoforiginsarediverse,andthustheremustbeitsownuniquenationalidentity.Inanycase,culturaldifferences,therealityisprevailingatthisstage.”1.1DifferencesinlivingenvironmentAstheUnitedKingdomislocatedinanislandnation,Englishpeoplehasalwaysbeengoodatsailing;themaritimeindustryhasalwaysoccupiedanimportantposition,alotofEnglishidiomsarenauticaltermswhichusedbysailors,andlaterpeopleonthegroundwhoalsograduallyuseit.Suchas:allatsea(Allatsea,asametaphorforataloss),hanginthewind(Swayinginthewind,asametaphorforhesitatingtodothings),threesheetsinthewind(threesailsfeetshaking,asametaphorfordrinkingtoomuch),allhandstothepumps(Allhavegonetopumping,as4ametaphorsfoecriticalissues,wemustgoallout),inthesameboat(Thisisthesailorsaid:“withsomebodyatthesameboat”,and,later,peopleuseittoexpress“thesituationisthesametosomebody”)andsoon.Chinahasvastterritory,althoughnearthesea,andthecoastlineisverylong,butthemaritimeindustryhasbeeninabackwardstate.Thoughwiththenavigation-relatedidiomthereareafew,suchas“sameboat”,“throughthickandthin”,“thedrowneddisaster”,etc.ChinamainlylocatesintheAsiancontinent,isalandlockedcountry,thelandisvitalforpeople,peoplecannotlivewithouttheland,sotherearemanyagriculture-relatedidiomsinChinese,suchas:“Tuyangjiehe”,“thecollapseofsoilbang”,“extermination”,“home-grown”,“comeback”andsoon.IntheChineseculturalatmosphere,summerisoftenlinkedwiththeintenseheat,therearemanyidiomsdescribingthehotsummer,suchas:“Jiaoyangsihuo”,“scorchlikefire”andsoon.TheUnitedKingdomislocatedintheNorthTemperateZone,summerweatheriscoolandpleasant,anditoftentogetherwithlovely,warmandgood,beautifulthewords.InShakespeare'ssonnets,Shakespearedrawsananalogybetweenloverandsummer,“shallIcomparetheetoasummer’sday?Thouartlovelierandmoretemperate.”Inaddition,theUnitedKingdomislocatedintheWesternHemisphere,thereporteristhemessageofspringwesterlywinds,whileinChinese,andtheeastwindisthereporteraboutspring.Inaddition,peoplealwaysusethe“bamboo”todescribeasthat:“thethingsarerapiddevelopment”inChina.Englishidiomissynonymouswith“likemushrooms”(likeamushroomGeneral).BecauseBritaindoesnotproducebamboo,“bamboo”inEnglishthiswordcomesfromMalay.1.2GeographicalenvironmentBritainisanislandcountry.Peoplewholivealongseacoastandwhoselivelihoodisdependentontheseawillhaveidiomsaboutwater,sailing,islandandfish.Forexample,wespeakinChinese挥金如土，butweshouldrenderitintoEnglishasspendmoneylikewater.TherearealotofEnglishidiomsaboutship,waterandfish:ascloseasanoyster(守口如瓶),sailunderfals