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1.他怪异的行为有悖于一般的良好行为规范（runcounterto）Hisparticularbehaviourruncountertothepopularconceptofgoodconduct.2.可以肯定的是，历史上鲜有人能同时在科学和数学领域的成就比牛顿更突出。（impact）WhatiscertainisthatfewpeopleinhistoryhavecreatedagreaterimpactthanNewtononthedevelopmentofbothscienceandmathematics.3.你不该嘲笑孩子的失败，应该鼓励他们再去尝试。（deride）Youarenotsupporttoderidechildrenfortheirfailures;youshouldencouragethemtotryagain,instead.4.在Judy毕业典礼的那天，她的叔叔婶婶以丰盛的晚餐来款带她。（sumptuous）Onhergraduationday,Judywastreatedtoasumptuousdinnerbyheruncleandaunt.5.对于他在公司的过往表现，没有人有什么不满。（withrespectto）Withrespecttohispastrecordinthefilm,noonehasanythingtocomplainabout.6.他们的自由与我们的自由息息相关，我们不能单独行动。（inextricably）Theirfreedomisinextricablyboundtoours.Wecannotactalone.7.我年迈的叔祖母不习惯使用市场上盛行的一次性物品。（disposable）Myagedgreatauntisnotusedtothedisposablegoodswhichfloodthemarkettoday.8.他在考试中作弊被抓住后，名字马上被从应考者名单上删去。（eliminate）Hisnamewasimmediatelyeliminatedfromthelistofcandidatesafterhewascaughtcheatingintheexam.1.他企图影射John是肇事者，结果是徒劳的。（insinuate,futile）HisattemptatinsinuatingthatJohnwastheculpritturnedouttobefutile.2.每当未能完成期望他做的事时，他都善于临时编个借口来为自己开脱。（improvise）Heisverycleveratimprovisingexcuseseachtimehefailstodowhatisexpectedofhim.3.他的西藏之行可以让他想参观布达拉宫的愿望如愿以偿了。（gratify）HistriptoTibetmaywellgratifyhisdesiretoseethePotala.4.这家公司人力资源雄厚，足以应对其他大公司的挑战。（command）Thiscorporationcommandsdistinguishedhumanresource,richenoughtomeetchallengesfromotherbigcorporations.5.我认为这恐怕不是我们双方都能接受的变通方法。我们难道想不出一个更好的方案来处理这个问题？（alternative）Idon’tthinkthatcouldbeanacceptablealternativeforbothofus.Can’twecomeupwithabetteroneforthisproblem.6.总爱胡思乱想和动不动就心血来潮都是有害的。（caprice）Itisharmfultoindulgeinwhimsandcaprices.7.对不属于你的东西不要有非分之想。（layone’shandson;beentitledto）Trynottolayyourhandsonanythingthatyouarenotentitledto.8.他没来参加竞赛。很可能把这件事全给忘了。（itmaywellbethat）Hedidnotcometothecompetition.Itmaywellbethatheforgottenallaboutit.1.比赛的结果不仅取决于球员的个人技术，还取决于全队所有球员能否把握好时机。（timing）Theoutcomeofthegamedependsnotjustontheskillsofindividualplayerbutalsoonthetimingofalltheplayersoftheteam.2.接下来我想问的是，我们如何维持一个恒定的自我呢？（self-identity）WhatIwanttoasknextishowwecouldsustainaconstantself-identity?3.从迷梦中醒悟过来之后他为自己所做的蠢事感到可耻。（infatuation）Hefeltashamedofhimselfforthefoolishthingshehaddonewhenhisinfatuationwasover.4.皮肤科医生告诫人们要小心阳光的直射，因为会有患皮肤癌的危险。（warn）Skindoctorswarnpeopletobecarefulwithdirectsunexposurebecauseoftheriskofskincancer.5.她的头部伤的很厉害，但是她最终还是爬出了窗口。（manageto）Herheadwasseriouslyinjured,butsheeventuallymanagedtoclimboutofthewindow.6.我们该怎么做才能使我们的展览摊位比别人的更突出呢？(standout)Howcanwemakeourexhibitstandoutfromtheothers?7.他设法冒充一绅士，但每个人都知道他只是一个暴发户。（passfor）Hetriedtopassforagentleman;buteveryoneknewhewasjustanupstart.8.他强调说，政界人士和媒体评论员都应该在言辞上有所冷静。（rhetoric言辞）Hestressesthatbothpoliticiansandcommentatorsinthemedianeedtocooltheirrhetoric.1.习俗不同于传统在于前者是一个社会中公认的行为规范，而后者则是指从过去传到现在的思维和行为的习惯方式。（convention，tradition）Conventionsaredifferencefromtraditioninthattheformerarethegenerallyacceptedstandardsofbehaviourinasociety,whereasthelatterreferstothecustomarywayofthinkingorbehavingthathasbeenpasseddownfromthepasttothepresent.2.孔孟之道在很长一段时期内主宰者中国的社会。（holdsway）ForthelongtimetheteachingsofConfuciusandMenciusheldswayovertheChinesesociety.3.他的潦草笔迹只有他自己看得懂。（unintelligible）Hisscribblingisunintelligibletoanyonebuthimself.4.我们必须在有可能发生最坏事态的前提下采取行动。（premise）Wemustactonthepremisethattheworstcanhappen.5.早在儿童学会说话和理解口头语言之前，他们就掌握了通过比较视觉外观的差异来辨识物体的能力。（differentiate）Longbeforechildrenarecapableofusingandunderstandingverballanguage,theypossesstheabilitytodifferentiatebetweenobjectswithvisualdifferences.6.植物园的一个显著特色就是面积宽广。（predominant）Oneofthepredominantfeaturesofthebotanicalgardenisitsspaciousness.7.你相信人类是从类人猿进化而来的吗？（evolve）Doyoubelievethathumanbeingshaveevolvedfromapes?8.教师的责任不仅是传授知识，还必须教授学生道德规范。（incumbent）Itisincumbentonteachersnotonlytoimpactknowledgebutalsototeachthstudentsmoralprinciples.1.不要期望每做一件小事就有酬报。从长远来看，你所做的全部努力都会得到适当的回报。（remunerate）Don’texpecttoberemuneratedforeveryminorthingyoudo.Inthelongrun,alltheeffortsyouhavemadewillbedulyrewarded.2.植树造林在美化环境、丰富自然、发展国民经济方面都起着举足轻重的作用。（replenish）Plantingisthemostimportantpartofcreatingabeautifulenvironment,replenishingnatureanddevelopingthenationaleconomy.3.那天是植树节。所有的志愿者都积极投入工作，中了数千棵柳树。（pitchin）ItwastheTree-plantingDay.Allthevolunteerspitchedinandplantedinandplantedthousandsofwillowtrees.4.不像他那性情温和的妹妹，他脾气暴躁，并且动不动就训斥别人。（fulminate）Unlikehissweet-temperedsister,hehasaquicktemperandfulminateatpeopleeasily.5.在反腐败斗争中，努力减少腐败比根除腐败更有效。（diminish）Inthefightagainstcorruption,itismorehelpfultotrytodiminishitratherthaneradicateit.6.在参加辩论之前，你必须确定你所有的论点都正确并且都有根据。（ascertain）Beforeyoutakepartinadebate,youareadvisedtoascertainthatallyourargumentsaresoundandwell-grounded.7.他们应该学会解决问题和冲突，启发灵感和批判性思考问题的方法。（resolve）Theyshouldlearntosolveproblemsandresolveconflicts,andtobrainstormandthinkcritically.8.他一再催促逼迫，使我都不愿意去参加下个周末的聚会了。（disincline）Allhispushingandgoadingdisinclinedmetowardsgoingtothepartynextweek.1.一份合同，一旦经双方签订，不论发生什么事都必须予以信守。(honour)Acontract,onceexecutedbyandbetweenthetwopartiesinvolved,mustbedulyhonouredwhateverhappens.2.一场强大的风暴席卷了沿海的小山村。（engulf）Theheavystormengulfedthesmallvillagesa