英语演讲技巧.

PublicSpeaking。Talkingtoorapidly;语速太快;Speakinginamonotone;声音单调；Usingtoohighavocalpitch;声音尖细；Usingunfamiliartechnicaljargon;使用别人不熟悉的技术术语；Presentingwithoutenoughemotionorpassion;感情不充分；Disorganizedandramblingperformance;演讲无组织，散乱无序；Indirectcommunicationi.e.beatingaroundthebush；说话绕弯子，不切中主题；Usingabstractionswithoutgivingconcreteexamples;使用抽象概念而不给出事例加以说明Usingtoomanybigwords;夸张的词语使用得太多；Usingslangorprofanity;使用俚语或粗俗语；Talkingandnotsayingmuch;“谈”得太多，说得太少；Talkingdowntotheaudience;对观众采取一种居高临下的姿态;主啊!保佑我别犯错啊!怎样与听众交流HowtocommunicatewiththeaudienceEmphasizeunderstanding;重视理解；Obtaintheirfeedback;获得反馈；Watchyouremotionaltone;注意声调要有感情；Persuadetheaudience;说服听众；Amessageworthcommunicating;要有值得交流的观点；；穿深色西装；Redtiesorscarves;空朴素的白衬衫或上衣；Blackshoes,freshlypolished;戴红色的领带或丝巾；Verylittlejewelry-worndiscreetly;穿刚刚擦亮的黑色鞋子；Calm,slowgesturesandslowmovements;尽量不戴首饰，要戴的话要非常小心；怎样变得自信HowtogainconfidenceSmileandglanceattheaudience;微笑并看着观众；Startveryslowly,withyourshouldersbackandyourchinup;开始发言时要慢一点，身体保持昂首挺胸的姿态Openyourspeechbysayingsomethingveryfrankly;开场白说一些真诚话；Wearyourverybestclothes;穿上自己最好的衣服；我好怕啊!要上台啦!Mail:[e-mail]提供信息；Toentertaintheaudience;使听众感到乐趣；Totouchemotions;动之以情；Tomovetoaction;使听众行动起来；提前准备最重要!怎样组织演讲HowtoorganizethespeechTohaveastructure:suchasfirst,second,third;geographically,north,south,east,west;compareandcontrasts;oursideversustheirside;negativeandpositive;要有一个结构：可以分一二三点；可以从地理上分东南西北；比较与对比；我方与他方；正面与反面；Tolabelthematerialssuchasjokes,funnyanecdotes,favoritesayings,interestingstatistics;将材料归类整理，如笑话、趣事、名人名言、有趣的数据；在卡片的右上角标上数字；Writeacompletesentenceonbothyourfirstandlastcard;在第一张和最后一张上写上完整的句子；Writeuptofivekeywordsonothercards;其他卡片上最多只能写五个关键词；Usecolortomarkthewordsyouwanttoemphasize;用颜色来标记你想强调的词；Remindyourselfataparticularsporttocheckthetime.在某一处提醒自己查看时间。如何对付忘词HowtocopewithbrownoutJustsmileandgotothenextcard.Nottheoneinfrontofyou,buttothenextfollowing.Lookatthefirstwordonit.Thiswillbethepointfromwhichyouwillnowcontinue.Ofcourseyoumissedpartofyourspeech.Butnobodywillnoticeit.Theywillblamethemselvesfornotfollowingyourthoughts.只需要微微一笑，继续下一张卡片上的内容，不是摆在你目前的那张卡片，而是下一张。看一下卡片上的第一个单词，这就是你要继续的要点。当然你会遗漏一部分内容，但是没有人会注意到这一点。听众只会责怪自己没有跟上你的思路。如何开头HowtobeginTotellastory(aboutyourself);讲个（自己的）故事；Topaythelistenersacompliment；称赞一下听众；Toquote；引用名人名言；Touseunusualstatistics；使用一些不平常的数据；Toshowavideooraslide.播放录像带或看幻灯片。•Toacknowledgetheoccasionofthegathering;对大家能够聚在一起表示感谢；如何结尾HowtocloseTorepeatyouropening;重复你的开头；Tosummarizeyourpresentation;概括你的演讲；Toclosewithananecdote;以趣事结尾；Toendwithacalltoaction;以号召行动结尾；Toaskarhetoricalquestion;以反问结尾；•Tomakeastatement;以一个陈述句结尾；眼睛慢慢地从一个移动到另一个人，在每一个人身上停留两到三秒钟时间；Lookatpeoplestraightorlookatthebridgeoftheirnosesorchins;眼睛直视听众，或看着他们的鼻梁或下巴Lookforthefriendlierfacesandsmileatthemonebyone,thenmoveontothemoreskepticalmembersandsmileatthemonebyonealso;找到那些看起来比较友善的听众，逐次朝他们微笑；然后目标转向那些有些怀疑的听众，也逐渐朝他们微笑；Imaginetheaudienceinbathrobesincaseyouarenervous.如果你感到紧张，不妨想象听众都穿着浴衣的样子。英语演讲稿的基本组成部分从大的方面看，英语演讲词实际上是属于一种特殊的说明文或议论文，其基本组成部分是：1)开始时对听众的称呼语最常用的是Ladiesandgentlemen，也可根据不同情况，选用Fellowstudents,Distinguishedguests,Mr.Chairman,HonorableJudges(评委)等等。2)提出论题由于演讲的时间限制，必须开门见山，提出论题。-themostimportantpointtomakeis...-Myfirstpointis...-Anotheraspecttobearinmindis...-Itmustalsoberememberedthat...-Wemustn’tforgetthat...-Also,don’tforgetthat/rememberthat…-Nowforsomethingcompletelydifferent...-Thisbringsmeto...-Oh,andanotherthing...3)论证对提出的论题，不可主观地妄下结论，而要进行客观的论证。这是演讲中最需要下功夫的部分。关键是要把道理讲清楚。常见的论证方法有举例法、因果法、对比法等等，具体句型如下：“换句话说...”-Putinanotherway...-Letmeputthatanotherway...-Toputthatinanotherway...-Inotherwords...-Alternativelyyoucouldsaythat...-Anotherwayofsayingit...-Toputitmorebluntly/moreconcisely...-IfIcanrephrasethat...澄清观点-Iwilltryandputthatmoreclearly/moresimply...-Justincasethatwasn’tclear,Iwillrephraseit-Don’tmisunderstandme,whatImeanis...-Iwilljustrepeatthattomakeitclear.-It’simportantnottoconfuse/tomakeadistinctionbetween/todistinguishbetween...-Thisisnottosaythat...“一般来说”-Broadly/generallyspeaking...-Withafewexceptions/withoutexception.-Ingeneral/Byandlarge/Onthewhole/Overall-Asaruleofthumb-Asageneralrule/It’sgenerallyacceptedthat...-Usually/often/frequentlyitisthecasethat...谈论细节问题-Morespecifically...-Totakeonespecificaspectofthis...-Let’sfocusononeaspectofthis...-Onepointbearscloserexamination...-Ifwecanconcentrateononeaspectofthisforamoment...-thereisonedetailthatisworthfocusingon...-Let’sgointothisinmoredetail.-Uponcloserexamination/investigation...由总到分-Fromthatgeneralrule,wecannowlookataspecificexample-Timetostopgeneralizingandstartbeingprecise-Whatspecificpointscanbedrawnfromtheseconclusions?-Doyouwanttobepreciselywrongorapproximatelyright?举例说明-Agoodexample(ofthis)is...-...forexample...-F