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常见的语法术语摘要1.名词noun动词verb形容词adjective数词numeral代词pronoun2.介词preposition副词adverb连词conjunction冠词article感叹词interjection3.结构：structure简单句simplesentences并列句compoundsentences4.复合句complexsentences倒装句invertedsentences省略句ellipticalsentences5.陈述句statementsentences疑问句interrogativesentences6.祈使句imperativesentences感叹句exclamatorysentences7.否定句negativesentences被动句passivesentences8.虚拟语气句subjunctivesentences同义句synonymoussentences9.歧义句ambiguoussentences委婉句euphemisms强调句emphasis10.疑难句difficultsentences叙述句narrativesentences说明句expositorysentences11.议论句argumentativesentences人物描写句descriptivesentencesofpeople12.动作描写句：descriptivesentencesofactions13.环境描写句descriptivesentencesofenvironment14.日常口语句sentencesforeverydaytalk15.实用情景句sentencesofactualsituations16.课堂教学句sentencesofclassroomteaching17.名人语句quotations格言句maxims谚语句proverbs18.状语adverbial补语complement宾语object宾语补助语objectivecomplement19.表语predicative主语subject谓语predicate谓语动词finiteverb20.非谓语动词non-finiteverb情态动词modalverb21.并列coordination选择alternative转折transition对比contrast22.原因cause结果effect解释explanation23.动词时态verbtenses24.一般现在时simplepresent(tense)25.一般过去时simplepast(tense)一般将来时simplefuture(tense)26.过去将来时future(tense)inthepast现在完成时presentperfect(tense)27.过去完成时pastperfect(tense)将来完成时futureperfect(tense)28.现在进行时presentcontinuous(tense)过去进行时pastcontinuous(tense)29.将来进行时futurecontinuous(tense)30.现在完成进行时presentperfectcontinuous(tense)31.主句mainclause从句subordinateclause32.限定性定语从句restrictiveattributiveclause33.非限定性定语从句non-restrictiveattributiveclause34.宾语从句objectclause壮语从句adverbialclause主语从句subjectclause35.表语从句predicativeclause同位语从句appositiveclause36.双重复合句doublecomplexsentences37.多重复合句multiplecomplexsentences38.插入语parenthesis39.IT引导的句子ITsentences40.THERE引导句THEREsentences41.省略名词omissionofnoun42.判断句statements列举句enumeration比较句comparison让步句concession43.一般疑问句generalquestion特殊疑问句specialquestion44.选择疑问句alternativequestion反意疑问句disjunctivequestion45.陈述式疑问句declarativequestion省略疑问句ellipticalquestion46.一般否定generalnegation全部否定completenegation部分否定partialnegation47.双重否定doublenegation否定句negativesentences肯定句affirmativesentences48.主格subjectivecase宾格objectivecase所有格possessivecase49.单数与复数singularandplural语序wordorder50.不定式infinitive动名词gerund现在分词presentparticiple51.主动的active被动的passive语态voice标点符号punctuationmark52.抽象的abstract具体的concrete名言saying语气mood53.典故allusion习语idiom俚语slang外来语foreignword行话jargon54.直接引语directspeech间接引语indirectspeech命题proposition课堂教学句sentencesofclassroomteaching开始上课beginningoftheclass1.我们开始吧Let’sstart/Let’sbeginnow2.让我们开始上课Let’sbeginourlesson.3.今天我们上新课，先学生词，然后读课文Wearegoingtohaveanewlessontoday.We’lllearnthenewwordsfirst.Thenwe’llreadthetext.4.我们先学课文，然后提问。如果还有时间，就进行听写Firstwe’llstudythetext,thenI’llaskyousomequestions.Iftimepermits,we’llhaveashortdictation.5.今天的课这样上：先讲课文，然后用替换词做句型练习二。最后做一些书面练习。Today,theclasswillbeconductedinthisway:Firstwe’llgooverthetext.Thenwe’lldopatterndrillIIwiththesubstitutes.Andfinallywe’lldosomewrittenexercises.6.我们今天要全面复习我们所学过的东西Todaywe’llhaveageneralreviewofwhatwehavelearnedsofar.7.我们把昨天学的内容温习一下We’llgooveralittleofwhatwedidyesterday.教学用语Teaching1.昨天我们讲到第45页的第三行，今天我们接着讲Yesterdaywewentasfarasthethirdlineonpage45.Todaywe’llgoonwiththetext.2.我们接着昨天的讲Let’sstartfromwhereweleftoffyesterday.3.我记得我们还有三段课文未讲，我希望今天能把这课讲完Irememberwehavethreeparagraphstodo.IhopeIcanwindupthelessontoday.4.今天我们上新课，请把书翻到第20页Todaywearetakingupanewlesson.Pleaseturntopage20.5.我们先读词汇表。苏桌，请你读生词Weshalltakethewordlistfirst.SuZhuo,pleasereadthenewwords.6.今天我们讲课文Todaywe’llgooverthetext.7.这篇课文时由一个短篇小说改写的Thistextisadaptedfromashortstory.8.我给你们讲一下作者的生平I’lltellyousomethingabouttheauthor’slife.9.现在我把第20页上的课文读一遍NowI’llreadthetextonpage20.10.现在我把课文给大家读一遍，你们听一下NowIamgoingtoreadthetextonceforyoutolistento.11.现在你们听的时候不要看书Nowlistenwithoutlookingatyourbooks.12.我把课文从头到文读一遍，你们仔细听I’llreadthetextthroughonce.Followmecarefully.13.我先读课文，请标上重音NowI’llreadthetextfirst.Markthestressedsyllables.14.我想你们都预习了课文。谁来讲讲课文的大意？Ithinkyou’veallpreviewedthetext.Whowouldliketosaysomethingaboutthetext?15.现在我给你们讲一讲课文大意NowI’llgiveyouthegeneralideaofthetext.16.我想将这一段读一遍，然后再解释难句I’llreadthisparagraphfirstandthenexplainthedifficultsentences.17.你们对于这一段有什么问题吗？Haveyougotanyquestionsaboutthisparagraph?18.还有问题吗？如果没有，我就讲下一段Arethereanyquestions?Ifnot,I’llexplainthenextparagraph.19.现在我把课文译成中文NowI’llput(translate/change)thetextintoChinese.20.现有我一个人读，然后你们跟我读I’llreaditalonefirst,andthenyoureadafterme.21.现在你们轮流读课文,王芳，你先读Nowyouaregoingtoreadthetextonebyone.WangFang,youstartreadingfirst.22.现在请刘娜领着大家读课文NowLiuNa,supposeyoureadthetext.Youothersreadafterher,please.23.请从头读起Pleasereadfromthebeginning.24.请跳过这一段，从下一段开始Pleaseskipthisparagraph,andstartwiththenextparagraph.25.这篇文章的主题是什么？Whatisthethemeofthisessay?26.还有5分钟，我们可以把课文在读一遍Therearestill5minutesleft.Sowehavetimetoreadthetextoncemore.练习Exercise1.我们现在做句型练习Nowlet’sdopatterndrills.2.请看替换词Lookatthesubstitutes.3.我读句型并先做一遍，然后你们照样做I’llreadthesentencepatternanddoitfirst,thenyoudothesame.4.请按句型造句Makesentencesafterthegivenpatterns.5.现在我们互相提问，然后请一位同学总结全课Nowwe’llaskeachotherquestions.Thenoneofyouwillsumupthelesson.6.现在我们来进行复述Nowlet’sdosomeretellin