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高考专题Checktheanswerscootsneakdeceptioncatchonspotintrudersakindofbirdtakesth.secretlycheat,trickunderstandfind,realizesb.whoentersanareaillegally白骨顶（鸟）偷偷地拿欺骗理解发现入侵者Howdoyoudealwiththeunfamiliarwordsorphraseswhilereading?•Ignorethemandcontinuereading•Lookthemupinthedictionary•GuessthemeaningYouarerequiredtoguessthemeaningsofnewwords,expressionsandsentencesaccordingtothecontext.考纲要求高考阅读理解要求考生应能根据上下文提供的语境推测生词的词义，进而加深对文段的理解。常见提问形式1)Whatdoestheunderlinedword“…”inthefirstparagraphmean?2)Whichofthefollowingistheclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedword？3)Theunderlinedword“…”mostprobablymeans____.4)Theunderlinedword“…”couldbestbereplacedby_____.5)Accordingtothepassage,theunderlinedword“…”isclosestinmeaningto“______”..Goodlanguagelearnerslearntomakeintelligentguesses.Howcanweguessoutthemeaningsoftheunknownwords?1.Word-formationCompoundingDerivationConversion合成法派生法转化法合成法：由两个或两个以上的词组成一个新词。派生法：也叫词缀法，一般是通过在已有词语的词根加上前缀或后缀而形成的一个新词。转化法：不通过给一个已有的词语加上前缀或后缀却能改变词语的词性或词义。snow-whiteice-coveredgood-lookingtypewriterabsent-mindeddarkroomdowntownsightseeingnightlife雪白的冰雪覆盖的好看的打印机心不在焉的暗室市中心游览,观光夜生活goldenworkerfoolishuselessnationalfriendlydirectionchildhoodhappinessmovementdislikeretellpostwarendangerimpossiblecooperatesemicircleunnecessarysupermarketmisunderstandgoldenworkerfoolishuselessnationalfriendlydirectionchildhoodhappinessmovementdislikeretellpostwarendangerimpossiblecooperatesemicircleunnecessarysupermarketmisunderstandprefixessuffixesHaveyoubookedyourticket?(n.—v.)Hishairisbeginningtogrey.(adj.—v.)Letmehaveatry.(v.—n.)Tomwenthomeearly.(n.—adv.)首先要熟悉基本的构词法及其规律,其次要掌握一定的词根和词缀。Iremoveda______fromtheshelf.Hewould___themoneyfromhisgrandma.GuessthemissingwordsIremoveda______fromtheshelfandbegantoread.Harveyisathief:hewould_____themoneyfromhisgrandmaandnotfeelguilty.bookstealDefinitionGiveninformationCommonsense2.Context通过定义，定语从句，同位语短语或从句，is,means,thatis(tosay),or,orrather,i.e.,inotherwords,namely,：，()，——来确定词义。Definition1.Itwillbeveryhardbutalsoverybrittle－thatis,itwillbreakeasily.A.easilybrokenB.softinsideC.veryhardD.expensivethatis2.Theherdsman,wholooksaftersheep,earnsabout650yuanamonth.A.keeperofagroupofanimals,esp.cattleB.abutcherC.amanwhosellsheepD.apersonwholooksafterandkillsanimals3.Theword“adolescence”meanstheperiodbetweenchildrenandadulthood.A.少儿期B.幼儿期C.青春期D.成人期wholooksaftersheepmeansAlthoughtheearlymorninghadbeenverycool,thenoondaysunwastropical.Hehadbeengettingbetterbutduringthenighthisconditiondeteriorated.表对比转折关系的词常有but,while,however,insteadof,ratherthan,unlike,yet,though,otherwise等。hotgotworseGiveninformation炎热的恶化Althoughbut根据对比和转折关系根据同义词反义词进行猜测Thefootballplayerwaspenalizedforunnecessaryroughnessandthepunishmentwasagoodlessonforhim.Herepliedquickly,butafterheconsideredtheproblemmorecarefully,heregrettedhavingmadesuchahastydecision.rapid;quickpunished惩罚仓促的，草率的punishmentquicklyUnlikehergregarioussister,Janeisashy,unsociablepersonwhodoesnotliketogotopartiesormakenewfriends.信号词常有but,while,however,unlike等。sociableUnlike爱社交的Allhisattemptstounlockthedoorwasfutile,becauseshewasusingthewrongkey.IfoundIwaspayingtoomuchattentiontothejobandthussacrificingmystudytime.根据因果关系猜词givingupsth.inordertogetsth.moreimportantinvain徒劳的，无效的牺牲becausethus常用关联词如:because，as，since，for，so，asaresult,so,so…that,such…that等表示前因后果。根据因果关系猜词MostwomeninChina—theeducatedandilliterate,theurbanandrural,theyoungandold—worktoearnanincomeinadditiontomaintainingtheirrolesashousewivesandmothers.illiterate(uneducated)Itisreallycausingslightangerorirritation.anger根据平行结构猜词theurbanandrural,theyoungandold未受教育的愤怒orPayattentiontosuchwordsorphrases:and,but,or,than,morethan,ratherthan,etc.根据平行结构猜词IhavefoundLucyisquitegenerous,forexample,whenevershemeetsabeggar,shegivessomecoinstohim.Wildflowerssuchasorchidsandprimrosesarebecomingrare.常用的关联词有:forexample,e.g,suchas,such.etctwokindsofflowersbewillingtogivefreely根据列举猜词forexamplesuchas慷慨的兰花，报春花3.Commonsense利用常识、自己的经验、经历及社会、科技等方面的知识猜词。Butsometimes,norainfallsforalong,longtime.Thentherewillbeadrought.Thesnakeslitheredthroughthegrass.旱灾爬行,滑行1.Word-formation2.Contextclues1)Definition2)Giveninformation.Comparisonandcontrast.Synonymsandantonyms.Causeandeffect.Parallel.Example3)Commonsense特别提醒：在推测生词的过程中不一定只用一种方法，可能会综合运用两种或几种方法，不管用什么办法都离不开对生词所处的上下文的理解。ATTENTIONCompetition1.Welikeournewhousebecauseithasafewelmsinthebackyardthatwillgiveusshadeandkeepthehousecooler.A.akindofbuildingB.akindofanimalC.akindoftreeD.akindofgrass2.Mikegavehissisterasmall,redtulipbecauseheknowshowmuchshelikesnaturalthings.A.radioB.flowerC.jewelryD.toy榆树郁金香3.Thedrivertriedtoaverttheaccidentbybringingthecartoasuddenstop.A.avoidB.causeC.noticeD.keep4.Sabots,orwoodenshoes,arefrequentlywornbythefieldworkersinBelgiumandFrance.A.akindofclothesB.akindofcapsC.akindofshoesD.akindoftrousers避免木鞋5.Archaeologyisthestudyoftheburiedremainsofancienttimes,suchashouses,pots,toolsandweapons.A.地理B.生态学C.心理学D.考古学6.Thefootballgamewasgettingmoreandmoreexciting,however,theoldladywasstillasdozyassheusuallywas.A.昏昏欲睡的B.亢奋的C.欣喜若狂的D.麻木的7.Shedidnothearwhatyousaidbecauseshewascompletelyengrossedinh