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共5页第1页潍坊工商职业学院20—20学年度第学期期末考试《计算机专业外语》试题（A）Ⅰ.Vocabulary(词汇)(30分)(一)．TranslatethefollowingwordsandexpressionsintoChinese(写出下列词组的汉语。)(共10分，每题1分)1．centralprocessingunit（CPU）2．desktop3．electronicspreadsheet4．managementinformationsystem5．memorychip6．database7．softwareengineering8．cellphone9．networksecurity10．computervirus(二)．FillintheblankswiththecorrespondingEnglishabbreviations.(根据汉语写出相应的英语缩写。)(共10分，每题1分)1．随机存储器_______________________2．局域网_____________________3．计算机辅助设计___________________4．中央处理器________________5通用串行总线___________________6只读存储器__________________7集成开发环境________________________8结构化查询语言________________9多界面文档______________________10操作系统--------------------------------（三）Matchthefollowingwordsandexpressionsintheleftcolumnwiththosesimilarinmeaningintherightcolumn.(将左列的词汇与右列相应的汉语匹配。)(10分，每空1分)1.outputa.万维网2.high-levellanguageb..多媒体3.projectwindowc.高级语言4.black-boxtestingd.黑盒测试5.multimediae.工程窗口6.字段Ⅱ.Comprehension(阅读理解)（40分）（一）Fillintheblankswithsuitablewordsorexpressionsfromthelistgivenbelow,andchangetheformwherenecessary.（从下面方框中选择合适的词或表达，以其适当的形式填空。）(10分,每空2分)题号ⅠⅡⅢ总分得分阅卷人得分评卷人得分评卷人学生答题不得过此线………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………系班级姓名学号()共5页第2页high-levelanguageassemblylanguagewrittenmachinelanguagenotationAprogramminglanguage,designedtofacilitatethecommunicationbetweenhumanandcomputers,isa________________fordescribingcomputationinreadableform.Thereare3levelsofprogramminglanguages,theyare________________,whichcanberundirectlybycomputer;________________and_____________.Therearedifferenthigh-levelprogramminglanguages.Fortunately,mostofthemhavemanykindsofconstructincommonandvaryonlyinthewaythatthesemustbe________________.Therefore,firstthingtobedecidedaboutataskistochoosewhichprogramminglanguageisbestsuitedforthejob.PassageAThecentralprocessingunit(CPU)istheheartofthecomputersystems.Amongotherthings,itsconfigurationdetermineswhetheracomputerisfastorslowinrelationtoothercomputers.TheCPUisthemostcomplexcomputersystemcomponent,responsiblefordirectingmostofthecomputersystemactivitiesbasedontheinstructionsprovided.Asonecomputergenerationhasevolvedtothenext,thephysicalsizeoftheCPUhasoftenbecomesmallerandsmaller,whileitsspeedandcapacityhaveincreasedtremendously.Indeed,thesechangeshaveresultedinmicrocomputersthataresmallenoughtofitonyourdeskoryourlap.TheCPUcomprisesthecontrolunitandthearithmetic/logicunit(ALU).Thecontrolunitisresponsiblefordirectingandcoordinatingmostofthecomputersystemsactivities.Itdeterminesthemovementofelectronicsignalsbetweenmainmemoryandthearithmetic/logicunit,aswellasthecontrolsignalsbetweentheCPUandinput/outputdevices.TheALUperformsallthearithmeticandlogical(comparison)functions—thatis,itadds,subtracts,multiplies,divides,anddoescomparisons.Thesecomparisons,whicharebasically“lessthan”,“greaterthan”,and“equalto”,canbecombinedintoseveralcommonexpressions,suchas“greaterthanorequalto”.Theobjectiveofmostinstructionsthatusecomparisonsistodeterminewhichinstructionshouldbeexecutednext.（二）Tellwhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrue(T)orfalse(F)accordingtothepassageA.（根据上文的内容判断下列句子的正误）（10分,每题2分）1.Thecontrolunitperformsallthearithmeticandlogical(comparison)functions()2.Thecentralprocessingunit(CPU)istheheartofthecomputersystems.()3.Withthedevelopmentofcomputer,thephysicalsizeoftheCPUhasoftenbecomebiggerandbigger.()4.ThemovementofelectronicsignalsbetweenmainmemoryandtheALUaswellasthecontrolsignalbetweentheCPUandinput/outputdevicesarecontrolledbythecontrolunitoftheCPU.()5.TheCPUcomprisesthecontrolunitandmemory.()PassageBAcomputervirusisacomputerprogramthatiscreatedtomakeandspreadcopiesofitself.Theprogrammayhoweveralsobedesignedtohaveothereffectsonthesystemsitinfects,rangingfromtheannoyingtothedisastrous.Virusattacksaregrowingrapidlythesedays.AccordingtoBusinessWeek,the76,404attacksreportedinthefirsthalfof2003nearlymatchpreviousyear'stotalnumber.Asnewantivirustoolsaremorepowerfulthanbefore,theviruswritersaregettingalotsmarterwithnewerandcreativewaystoattacknetworksystems.Let'sfirstexaminesomecommonvirustypes:BasicVirus-apieceofsoftwarecodethatisdevelopedtoattackcomputersandnetworksystemsviaemailorInternetconnections.Itquicklyreplicatesitselfandgraduallyattachestofiles,programsortheharddrive.学生答题不得过此线………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………系班级姓名学号共5页第3页TrojanHorses-Thisisaprogramthatdoesn'treplicatewhenenteringasystembutcanbeeffectivelyusedtoopen'backdoors.'TrojanHorsesallowhackerstotakecontroloveraparticularsystemortostealveryimportantdata.Worm-thistypeofvirusisabletospreaditselfautomaticallyoverthenetworkfromonecomputertothenext.Duringawormattack,users'computersgetinfectedwithoutevenhavingtoclickopenemailattachmentoranyprogram,etc.Sinceitisverydifficulttoavoidthevirus,yourbestdefenseisapowerfulantivirusprogram.Inordertofightwithsuchviruses,thesoftwarevendorsshouldfocusonmakingtheirproductsmorerobust.Thismayaskforatrade-offbetweenuser-friendlinessandsecurity.Inspecificcasesitmayrequireline-by-lineinspection