搜索
专题语法：非谓语动词一．概念：不充当_________的动词，在句中可以作除_________外的所有成分。主要有：________________、_________________、__________________。非谓语动词使用的条件：在一个句子当中，已经存在一个主句（含有谓语动词），又没有连词的情况下，还有别的动词出现时。eg:Shegotoffthebus,____________herhandbagonherseat.Shegotoffthebus,but____________herhandbagonherseat.二．非谓语动词的时态和语态形式意义1.不定式：一般式：__________________________()被动式：___________________________()进行式：___________________________()完成式：___________________________()完成被动式：_______________________()2.v.-ing形式：一般式：________________________()被动式:_________________________()完成式：_________________________()完成被动式：_______________________()3.havingbeendone与done作状语时没有明显区别，一般可互换，但havingbeendone更强调动作发生在谓语之前中，且不能作__________。eg:___________________________（被告知过很多次），hestillrepeatedthesamemistake.4.不及物动词的过去分词，只表示_________，不表示________。如fallenleaves,lostchild.5.有时过去分词只表示_________，不强调时间性。eg:Theboywasrunningalongthestreet,____________(follow)byadog.三．非谓语动词的句法功能：1.不定式有_________、_________、_________的特征，因此在句中可以作_______________________________________________________________等成分。eg:Todothatsortofthingisfoolish.()Iwanttoseeyouthisevening.()Wefoundahousetolivein.()ShecameheretostudyEnglish.()Iwarnedthepatientnottodrinkcoldwateraftertheoperation.()Mydreamistogotoafamousuniversity.()2.动名词既具有_________的特点，又具有_________的特点在句中可作_____________________________________________。eg:Myfavoritepartwasseeingthelovelybearsinthemountains.()Lookingafterthepatientsisanurse’sjob.()HewillkeeptryingnewideassohecanhelpfarmersinChina.()Thereareonlyoneteachingbuildinginourschool.()3.分词在句中起_________和_________的作用，有两种形式：_________和_________，在句中作_____________________________________________。eg:Thebridge_________(build)lastmonthneedsrepairing.()Those_________(wish)tojointhisclubshouldsignhere.()Shewastoo__________(frighten)tomove.()Whatyousaidisreally___________(inspire).()Iheardmybrother____________(sing)songsinthenextroom.()Iheardthesong___________(sing)inEnglish.()__________(see)fromthetopofthetower,wecanseeabeautifulscenery.()__________(see)fromthetopofthetower,thecitylooksbeautiful.()四．考点1.非谓语动词作状语－――高考高频考点（1）不定式作状语表_________、_________或_________（常置于表情绪的词后），有时不定式还可以修饰一个句子，表明__________________。常见的这类不定式有totellyouthetruth,tobehonest,tobefrank,tobefair等。eg:Weeattolive,butwedon’tlivetoeat.__________________Whathashesaidtomakeyousohappy?__________________Sheburstintotearstohearthebadnews.__________________Totellyouthetruth,Idon’tlikethefilm.__________________注意：动词不定式作_________状语，其逻辑主语通常也是全句的主语，常在so/such…asto,enough…to,onlyto…以及too…to…等结构中表示_____________。尤其是onlyto…常表示__________________。eg:Oneisnevertoooldtolearn.Youareoldenoughtodependonyourselves.Hehurriedtothestationonlytofindthetrainhadalreadyleft.（2013.湖南）_____warmatnight,Iwouldfillthewoodstove,thensetmyalarmclockformidnightsoIcouldrefillit.A.StayingB.StayedC.TostayD.Stay（2014.重庆）Groupactivitieswillbeorganizedafterclass_____childrendevelopteamspirit.A.helpingB.havinghelpedC.helpedD.Tohelp（2014.四川）---Ihopetotakethecomputercourse.---Goodidea._____moreaboutit,visitthiswebsite.A.TofindoutB.TobefindingoutC.FindingoutD.Havingfoundout（2）分词作状语分词可作______________________________________________________等状语。eg:_________________(operate)on,Iwasabsentfromschool.________________When_________(ask)whyhewalkedinwithoutpermission,hejuststaredatusandsaidnothing,_________________________(give)moretime,Icanfinishthework.________________Thecarwascaughtinatrafficjam,thus_________(cause)thedelay.________________Theforeignstudentlistenedwithfullattention,_________tomissanyimportantpoint.A.nottryingB.nottotryC.totrynotD.tryingnot______________（2013.新课标全国Ⅰ）Thesunlightiswhiteandblinding,______hard-edgedshadowsontheground.________________A.throwingB.beingthrownC.tothrowD.tobethrown__________________（tell）manytimes,hestillrepeatedthesamemistake._____________（2012.北京）_______withcare,onetinwilllastforsixweeks._________________A.UseB.UsingC.UsedD.Touse（2013.北京）_____thecourseverydifficult,shedecidedtomovetoalowerlevel.A.FindB.FindingC.TofindD.found（2014.福建）_____thepastyearasanexchangestudentinHongKong,Lindaappearsmorematurethanthoseofherage.A.SpendingB.SpentC.HavingspentD.Tospend（2013．湖南）Thesunbegantoriseinthesky,_____themountainingoldenlight.A.bathedB.bathingC.tohavebathedD.havebathed（2014.重庆）Theproducercomesregularlytocollectthecameras_____toourshopforqualityproblems.A.returningB.returnedC.toreturnD.tobereturned（2012.大纲全国Ⅱ）Tonylentmethemoney,_____thatI’ddoasmuchforhim.A.hopingB.tohopeC.hopedD.havinghoped注意：①现在分词与不定式作结果状语的比较现在分词表示_______________的结果；不定式表示_________________的结果，其前常加only.(2012．山东)Georgereturnedafterthewar,only______thathiswifehadlefthim.A.tobetoldB.tellingC.beingtoldD.toldAterribleaircrashhappenedovertheAtlanticOcean,______150passengers.A.killingB.havingkilledC.killedD.tokill(2)现在分词与过去分词作状语的比较现在分词表示的动作与句子主语之间为逻辑上的______________，表__________________。过去分词表示的动作与句子主语之间为逻辑上的______________，表__________________。_________（see）fromthetopofthemountain,wecanseethewholecity._________（see）fromthetopofthemountain,thewholecitycanbeenseen.(3)如果不定式或分词表示的动作在谓语动词表示的动作之前发生，该不定式或分词用__________________。（2013.山东