翻译答案(黄芃)

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2012级普通班第二学期翻译练习答案第一讲被动语态和比较结构Exercise11)canbeappliedtothedevelopmentofthenewtechnology.本题考察汉语中有指示词的被动语态和短语applyto。2)ismeasuredintermsofhowmuchtheycanborrow本题考察1)短语intermsof。2)句型how+adj+主+谓3)hewasfiredbythecompany本题考察1)动词时态:过去时.2)语态:被动语态。4)aresuggestednottotraveltothiscountryatthemoment本题考察1)短语advise/suggestsb.nottodosth.2)句子中是“被劝告”,所以要用被动语态。3)短语atthemoment5)getspunishedforacrimethathedidn’tcommit本题考察汉语中有指示词的被动语态get+动词-ed形式。6)Ihavebeenmorelikelytogettiredthanbefore/Igettiredmoreeasilythanbefore本题考察1)比较句型。2)短语belikelytodo7)theformer/shoppingonlineismoreconvenientandefficient(time-saving)(cansavemoretime)本题考察使用more的比较句型8)nothingismoreattractivetomethanreading或tome,nothingismoreimportantthanreading本题考察比较句型:nothingis+比较级+than9)themoreconfusedIam本题考察the+比较级+主+谓,the+比较级+主+谓。10)halfasmuch(money)本题考察倍数的表达:倍数+as+adj.+名词。11)thefewerchancesyouwillhaveofcatchingacold本题考察the+比较级+主+谓,themore…themore…的结构。12)morelikelytoputonweight本题考察1)短语belikelytodo。2)短语putonweight。13)ratherworsethanIhadexpected本题考察rather的用法。可用在比较级前,意为alittle或slightly14)thethinnertheairbecomes本题考查“越……越……”结构第二讲虚拟语气和情态动词Exercise21)mustbewrong本题考察must作为“一定”的用法。2)wouldhavehadachancetosurvive或wouldhavesurvived本题考察if从句的虚拟语气:与过去的事实相反,所以使用wouldhavedone3)mightfeellonelywhentheyarefarfromhome/arenotintheirhometown/traveling.本题考察1)推测语气might。2)短语befarfrom4)we(should)handinour/theresearchreport(s)本题考察虚拟语气中表要求、建议等的词汇。requirethat…(should)do。5)hadfollowedmyinstructions/orders本题考察1)if从句的虚拟语气:与过去的事实相反,因此用到过去完成时2)短语:按照某人的指令做某事6)wouldn’thavebeencaughtbytherain本题考察if从句的虚拟语气:与过去发生的事实相反。7)asthoughheweredeliveringaspeechatanassembly本题考查asif/asthough的用法。asif/asthough引导的从句中用过去式表示和现在事实相反或对现在情况有所怀疑;asif/asthough引导的从句中亦可用过去完成式表示过去想象中的动作或情况)8)hehadknownthisdiseaseiscurable本题考查Ifonly引导的感叹句表示“但愿”或“要是……就好了”,用法与Iwish…基本相同9)Iwouldseizetheopportunitywithouthesitation本题考查1)表示与现在事实相反:从句用过去式,主句用“should/would/could/might+do”;2)此句省去if,采用倒装的形式来表示条件)10)wecouldnothaverentahouseatsuchalowprice本题考查butfor经常作为非真实条件句中if的代用语。11)Ifmachinesreallythoughtasmendo本题考查虚拟语气的用法。所述与现在事实相反,虚拟条件句的从句谓语部分用过去时态,主句谓语部分用would/could/might/should+动词原型。12)themid-termexams(should)becanceled本题考查表示“建议、命令、要求、想法”的动词及名词所接的宾语或同位语从句通常用“(that)sb.(should)do”的虚拟形式。13)we(should)beshortofwaterinacountrywhereitisalwaysraining本题考查在Itis/was+形容词后的that从句中常用“sb.shoulddo”的形式表示建议、惊奇等。14)measuresweretakentosolvetheproblemoftrafficjams本题考查It’s(about/high)time后的that从句中用过去式,表示“该是……的时候了”。第三讲倒装结构和强调句型Exercise31)Notuntilhehadfinishedthemission本题考察句型not…until:注意以否定词开头时主句需要倒装。2)didhechargemetoomuch或didheoverchargeme本题考察倒装句型。3)whenaknockatthedoorawakenedher本题考查Hardly…when…结构。4)thanshefellill本题考查Nosooner…than…结构。5)canweconcludethebusiness本题考查only置于句首时,需要部分倒装。6)Itisbecausesheisinexperienced/lacksexperience/Itisduetoherinexperience/lackofexperience本题考查强调句型,强调原因。7)ItistheyoungChineseathletewho/that本题考查强调句型,强调主语。被强调的主语是人时,可用itis/was...that/who...,但如果被强调的部分既包括人又包括物,只能用that。8)Undernocircumstancesshallwecanceltheparty本题考查以否定词开头的倒装句。这样的词语还有atnotime,bynomeans,few,innoway,invain,little,never,nolonger,nowhere,notuntil,notoften,notinfrequently,rarely,seldom等。9)didherealizehehadmadeabigmistake.本题考查only+状语或状语从句置于句首,句子用部分倒装。10)ItwasnotuntilItoldherthat本题考查Itwasnotuntil的结构,强调状语从句。第四讲非谓语动词Exercise41)ComparedwiththeplacewhereIgrewup本题考察1)comparedwith的用法。2)定语从句where=atwhich2)decidedtoquitthematch本题考察quit的用法3)findingthewaytothehistorymuseum本题考察句型havedifficulty/troubledoingsth。4)Inordertosupportmyuniversitystudies(或:tofinancemyeducation;topayformyeducation/topaymytuitionfees)本题考察短语supportmyuniversitystudies或financemyeducation。5)gaveuppursuingknowledge本题考察1)短语giveupdoing。2)pursue的含义。6)havingachievednothing/beingnowhere本题考查regretdoingsth。7)surroundedbymanyboys本题考查分词结构做宾语。8)herinjuredsonbeingsentintotheoperationroom9)beingpromotedtomanager本题考查动名词的被动式。10)ComparedwiththeplacewhereIgrewup11)Changingyourstudyhabits本题考查动名词做主语。12)Trytoavoidmentioningthissensitivesubject/topic本题考查动名词作动词的宾语。13)Unlessaskedtoanswerquestions本题考查分词作条件状语,一般放在句首。14)Seeingthateveryonewasbendingoverhis/herbook本题考查分词作原因状语。15)tobethechairmanofstudents’unioninsolargeauniversity本题考查动词+it+形容词/名词+不定式。it是形式宾语,不定式是真正宾语。第五讲从句Exercise51)towhichtheystillhavenoanswerstoday本题考察介词+which引导的定语从句。2)whatmostparentsareconcernedabout本题考察what从句表示“所……的”。3)untiladoctorfounditbychance本题考察1)句型not…until和.2)短语bychance/accident4)whateverjobitis/nomatterwhatjobitis本题考察句型nomatter+疑问词(howadj./whatn.)+主谓5)afieldinwhichwecanworktogether/afieldinwhichwecancooperate本题考察定语从句where=atwhich6)nomatteratwhatexpense(cost)/nomatterwhatIhavetosacrifice(pay)/wouldhavetosacrifice(pay)本题考察句型nomatter+what+n.+主+谓7)whether(itis)heatedornot本题考察whether的用法8)beforewefindthemethodsofcuringcancers/beforewefindthecureforcancer本题考察1)句型itwillbealongtimebefore…2)英语句子的逻辑连接,应把最重要的信息放在前面9)Whatmanypeopledon’trealize本题考察what从句表示“所……的”10)lestthewallshouldcollapse本题考查lest的用法。lest意思是“以免、免得、唯恐”,常和should连用。11)whichmadeourjourneymoredifficult本题考查which引导非限制性定语从句。12)sothatwemightgetabetterview本题考查that,sothat,inorderthat,lest等引导目的状语从句,常用can/could,may/might,will/would,shall/should等)1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