考研英语2001翻译真题精练精讲

凯程考研集训营，为学生引路，为学员服务！考研英语：2001翻译真题精练精讲一、全真试题Inlessthan30yearstimetheStarTrekholodeckwillbeareality.Directlinksbetweenthebrainsnervoussystemandacomputerwillalsocreatefullsensoryvirtualenvironments，allowingvirtualvacationslikethoseinthefilmTotalRecall.（71）Therewillbetelevisionchatshowshostedbyrobots，andcarswithpollutionmonitorsthatwilldisablethemwhentheyoffend.（72）Childrenwillplaywithdollsequippedwithpersonalitychips，computerswithin-builtpersonalitieswillberegardedasworkmatesratherthantools，relaxationwillbeinfrontofsmell-television，anddigitalagewillhavearrived.AccordingtoBTsfuturologist，IanPearson，theseareamongthedevelopmentsscheduledforthefirstfewdecadesofthenewmillennium（aperiodof1000years），whensupercomputerswilldramaticallyaccelerateprogressinallareasoflife.（73）Pearsonhaspiecedtogethertheworkofhundredsofresearchersaroundtheworldtoproduceauniquemillenniumtechnologycalendarthatgivesthelatestdateswhenwecanexpecthundredsorkeybreakthroughsanddiscoveriestotakeplace.Someofthebiggestdevelopmentswillbeinmedicine，includinganextendedlifeexpectancyanddozensofartificialorganscomingintousebetweennowand2040.Pearsonalsopredictsabreakthroughincomputer-humanlinks.“Bylinkingdirectlytoournervoussystem，computerscouldpickupwhatwefeeland，hopefully，simulatefeelingtoosothatwecanstarttodevelopfullsensoryenvironments，ratherliketheholidaysinTotalRecallortheStarTrekholodeck,”,hesays.（74）Butthat，Pearsonpointsout，isonlythestartofman-machineintegration:”Itwillbethebeginningofthelongprocessofintegrationthatwillultimatelyleadtoafullyelectronichumanbeforetheendofthenextcentury.”Throughhisresearch，Pearsonisabletoputdatestomostofthebreakthroughsthatcanbepredicted.However，therearestillnoforecastsforwhenfaster-that-lighttravelwillbeavailable，orwhenhumancloningwillbeperfected，orwhentimetravelwillbepossible.Buthedoesexpectsocialproblemsasaresultoftechnologicaladvances.Aboominneighborhoodsurveillancecameraswill，forexample，causeproblemsin2010，whilethearrivalofsyntheticlifelikerobotswillmeanpeoplemaynotbeabletodistinguishbetweentheirhumanfriendsandthedroids.（75）Andhomeapplianceswillalsobecomesosmartthatcontrollingandoperatingthemwillresultinthebreakoutofanewpsychologicaldisorder—kitchenrage.二、翻译题解凯程考研集训营，为学生引路，为学员服务！（71）Therewillbetelevisionchatshowshostedbyrobots,andcarswithpollutionmonitorsthatwilldisablethemwhentheyoffend.句子拆分：拆分点参考：分词,标点符号，连词Therewillbetelevisionchatshows//hostedbyrobots//,andcarswithpollutionmonitors//thatwilldisablethem//whentheyoffend.解析：1）主干结构是带双主语的存在句：Therewillbetelevisionchatshows...,andcars...2）两个主语都带有定语：第一个主语televisionchatshows的定语是过去分词短语hostedbyrobots，第二个主语cars的定语是介词短语withpollutionmonitors。3）定语从句thatwilldisablethem修饰的先行词是pollutionmonitors，最后一个从句whentheyoffend是定语从句中的状语从句。词的处理：televisionchatshowshostedbyrobots由机器人主持的电视谈话节目，重点词hosted主持carswithpollutionmonitors装有污染监控器的汽车disablethem使汽车失灵（停止运行），them和they指代汽车offend多义词（汽车）污染超标，违规技巧点拨：1）therebe句型表存在，所以通常可以翻译为“有，出现”。另外，主句部分是将来时，由于汉语动词不具有人称、时态等变化，需要用增词法的翻译技巧，增加“将，届时。”2）Thatwilldisablethem:是定语从句，其先行词是pollutionmonitors（污染监控器）。首先这个定语从句后面有一个由when引导的时间状语从句，根据定语从句的翻译方法，可以放在后面直接翻译，但是需要重复先行词。其次，them指代的是上文的cars,可以翻译为“这些汽车”。最后谓语动词disable的基本意思是“使……残废，使……不能”。根据词义选择的翻译技巧，联系上下文的“监控器”和“这些汽车”，结合汉语习惯，就可以知道disable是“使这些汽车不能行使”。3）Whentheyoffend:是时间状语从句。首先，作主语的代词they指代上文的cars,可以翻译为“这些汽车”。其次，offend通常是“冒犯”的意思，但是，这里显然不能够翻译为“冒犯”，可以根据词义选择的翻译技巧来分析。Offend的上文是“这些汽车”，再联系下文思考:这些汽车冒犯了什么呢？显然是“这些汽车”冒犯了“污染监控器”。所以，offend就可以翻译为“汽车污染超标”。完整译文：届时，将出现由机器人主持的电视谈话节目以及装有污染监控器的汽车，一旦这些汽车排污超标（违规），监控器就会使其停驶。（72）Childrenwillplaywithdollsequippedwithpersonalitychips,computerswithin-builtpersonalitieswillberegardedasworkmatesratherthantools,relaxationwillbeinfrontofsmell-television,anddigitalagewillhavearrived.句子拆分：拆分点参考：标点符号，并列连词Childrenwillplaywithdollsequippedwithpersonalitychips,//computerswith凯程考研集训营，为学生引路，为学员服务！in-builtpersonalitieswillberegardedasworkmatesratherthantools,//relaxationwillbeinfrontofsmell-television,anddigitalagewillhavearrived.解析：1）主干结构是几个并列的简单句：Childrenwillplaywithdolls...,computers...willberegardedas...,relaxationwillbeinfrontof...,anddigitalagewillhavearrived.2）dolls带有过去分词短语equippedwithpersonalitychips做定语，computers的后置定语是介词短语withinbuiltpersonalities，personalities等于personalitychips，宾语workmatesratherthantools是并列结构，表示选择。词的处理：dollsequippedwithpersonalitychips装有个性芯片的玩具娃娃personality个性，性格computerswithinbuiltpersonalities个性内置的计算机ratherthan而不是relaxation休闲、放松、娱乐、消遣smelltelevision气味电视机digitalage数字化时代技巧点拨：1）willberegaredas：根据翻译的方法，这个被动结构可以从用直接翻译为汉语的“被”字结构的方法来处理。2）relaxationwillbeinfrontofsmell-television。其中relaxation是“休闲、放松”的意思。这样这个句子就可以翻译为“休闲将在气味电视前”，但是这个译文显然不符合汉语的表达习惯。由于relexation这个词在英语中是名词，可是“休闲，放松”在汉语中，更多是动词。所以根据翻译里词性转换的技巧，把relaxation翻译为汉语的动词，然后根据增词法的翻译技巧，增加一个表示泛指的主语“人们、大家”等。完整译文：儿童将与装有个性芯片的玩具娃娃玩耍，具有个性内置的计算机将被视为工作伙伴而不是工具，人们将在气味电视机前休闲，届时数字化时代就来到了。（73）Pearsonhaspiecedtogethertheworkofhundredsofresearchersaroundtheworldtoproduceauniquemillenniumtechnologycalendarthatgivesthelatestdateswhenwecanexpecthundredsofkeybreakthroughsanddiscoveriestotakeplace.句子拆分：拆分点参考：动词不定式，连词Pearsonhaspiecedtogethertheworkofhundredsofresearc