财政部财政科研所2007年博士研究生入学考试英语试题附答案和详解

英语试题库http：//财政部财政科研所2007年博士研究生入学考试英语试题附答案和详解PartOneVocabularyandStructure(15points)Directions:Foreachunderlinedwordorphraseortheleftblankinthefollowingsentences,chooseawordorphrasewhichisclosestinmeaningfromthefourchoicesgiven,thenfillyouranswerintheANSWERINGSHEETattached.1．Webelievetheyoungergenerationwillprove______ofourtrust.A．worthB．worthlessC．worthyD．worthwhile2．Contestantswhodonotcomplywiththeregulationswillbedisqualified.A．cooperatewithB．approveC．observeD．submitto3．Ireallythinktheremustbesomethingratherfishy,somewhere...don'tyou?A．smellingoffishB．suspiciousC．tastingoffishD．delicious4．ItisimperativefortheChairmantolookintothismatepersonally.A．necessaryB．urgentC．usefulD．impossible5．Johnboastedthathecouldfinishthejoballbyhimselfinnotime.A．atanymomentB．intimeC．ontimeD．veryrapidly6．Hewentontosaythathewouldgotohishometownin______ofpeace.A．questB．allowanceC．thirstD．greed7．UnlessIwas______mistaken,therewassomethingwrongwithLouise.A．verymuchB．tooC．almostD．very8．“Whoarethevisitors?Theyareall______Ithink.”A．mathematicsstudentB．mathematicsstudentsC．mathematics'studentsD．studentofthemathematics9．Thewidelypublicizeddemonstrationdidnotafterall______.A．comeoffB．getonC．breakoutD．puton10．In1860,AndrewJohnsonoftenriskedhislifebytellingcrowdsofpeoplethatsecessionfromtheUnionwouldbeharmful．A．theftB．withdrawalC．educationD．judgment11．Thefloodsdidnotstartto______untiltwodaysaftertherainhadstopped.A．retireB．recedeC．retreatD．sink英语试题库http：//．Nowadays,ourgovernmentadvocatescredittowhateverwedoorwhoeverwecontactwith.Onceyou______yourwords,youwillloseyoursocialstatusandpersonalreputation.A．keepupwithB．giveawayfromC．gobackonD．losesightof13．______thiscomingThursday,itwillbetoolatetoenrollforthecourse.A．AsofB．AsforC．AstoD．Ason14．AnintelligentTVviewermayoccasionallybecomeenragedbythe______argumentationincommercials.A．imperativeB．fallaciousC．persuasiveD．fabulous15．Itseemsareasonableruleofthumbthatanygenuineofferofhelpandsupportfrompeopleororganizationswillbeaccompaniedbyanameandaddress,andawillingnesstobe______astotheirmotiveinmakingcontact.A．seenthroughB．checkedoutC．touchedonD．accountedtoPartTwoReadingComprehension(20points)Directions:Thereare4passagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestions.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.YoushouldselectthebestchoiceandfillyouranswerintheANSWERINGSHEETattached.PassageOneThereareanumberofformatsforreportingresearch,suchasarticlestoappearinjournals,reportsaddressedtofundingagencies,thesesordissertationsaspartoftherequirementsforuniversitydegrees,andpaperstobepresentedatconferences.Theseformatsdifferfromoneanothermostlyintheirpurposesandtheaudienceswhichtheyaddress．Wewillnowbrieflydescribethem.Thejournalarticleisawayofreportingresearchforprofessionaljournalsoreditedcollections.Theresearchisreportedinabrief,yetinformativeway,focusingmostlyonthemainfeaturesoftheresearchsuchasthepurpose,reviewoftheliterature(oftenreferredtoas“background”),proceduresusedforcarryingouttheresearchaccompaniedbytables,charts,andgraphs,andinterpretationsoftheresults(oftenreferredtoas“discussion”).Thecontentandemphasisofthejournalarticlewillvaryaccordingtotheintendedreaders英语试题库http：//(researchersorpractitioners)anditisimportantfortheresearchertobeawareofthebackgroundandinterestofthereadersofthejournal.Articlesintendedtobereadbypractitionerswillemphasizethepracticalimplicationsandrecommendationsoftheresearch,whilearticlesintendedtobereadbyresearcherswilldescribeindetailsthemethodusedtocollectthedata,theconstructionofthedatacollectionprocedures,andthetechniquesusedforanalyzingthedata.Itisimportantforthenoviceresearchertobeawareofthefactthatarticlessubmittedtojournalsgothroughaprocessofevaluationbyexpertswhomakeajudgmentandrecommendwhethertheyshouldbepublishedornot.Thethesisordissertationisaformatforreportingresearchwhichgraduatestudentswriteaspartoffulfillingtherequirementsforanadvancedacademicdegree.Thestudentisexpectedtodescribeingreatdetailallthephasesoftheresearchsoitcanbeexaminedandevaluatedcarefullybythereader.Thusthethesisordissertationincludesthepurposeandsignificanceofthestudy,therationale,athoroughreviewoftheliterature,detailedinformationastotheresearchtoolsandtheproceduresinvolvedintheirdevelopment,adescriptionoftheprocessofdataanalysisandtheresults,andaninterpretationoftheresultsintheformofconclusions,implicationsandrecommendations.Thisdetaileddescriptionoftheprocessoftheresearchisneededtoprovidetheprofessorswithanindicationofthestudent'sabilitytocarryoutresearch.Theconferencepaperisawayofreportingresearchatconferences,seminars,andcolloquia.Atsuchmeetingsresearchpapersareusuallypresentedorally.Theyaresimilartotheresearcharticlesinceresearchisreportedinaconcise,yetinformativeway,focusingonthemostessentialelementsoftheresearch.Handoutsandtransparenciescanalsoac-companythepresentations.Aswiththeresearcharticle,heretoo,thecontentandemphasisoftheoralreportwilldependtoalargeextentonthetypeofaudiencepresentatthemeeting,whethertheyarerese