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开头：1）对立法——先引出其他人的不同看法，然后提出自己的看法或者偏向于某一看法，适用于有争议性的主题。[1]Whenaskedabout...,thevast/overwhelmingmajorityofpeoplesaythat….ButIthink/viewabitdifferently.[2]Whenitcomesto....,somepeoplebelievethat….Othersargue/claimthattheopposite/reverseistrue.Thereisprobablysometruthinbotharguments/statements,butItendtotheformer/latter.[3]Now,itiscommonly/generally/widelybelieved/held/acknowledgedthat.....Theyclaim/believe/arguethat...ButIwonder/doubtwhether.....2）现象法——引出要剖析的现象或者问题，然后评论。[1]Recentlytheriseintheproblem/phenomenonof...hascaused/arousedpublic/popular/wide/worldwideconcern.[2]Recentlytheissueoftheproblem/phenomenonof...hasbeenbroughtintofocus/intopublicattention.[3]Inflation/Corruption/Socialinequality...isyetanotherofthenewandbittertruthwehavetolearntofacenow/constantly.3）观点法——开门见山，直接了当地提出自己对要讨论的问题的看法。[1]Nowpeopleingrowing/significantnumbersarebeginning/comingtorealize/accept/(beaware)that...[2]Nowthereisa（n）growingawareness/recognitionofthenecessityto....[3]Nowpeoplebecomeincreasinglyaware/consciousoftheimportanceof....[4]Perhapsitistimetohaveafreshlookattheattitude/ideathat....4）引用法——先引出名人名言或者有代表性的看法，来引出文章要展开论述的观点。[1]Knowledgeispower.ThisistheremarkmadebyBacon.Thisremarkhasbeensharedbymoreandmorepeople.[2]Educationisnotcompletewithgraduation.ThisistheopinionofagreatAmericanphilosopher.Nowmoreandmorepeoplesharehisopinion.[3]....Weoftenhearstatements/wordslikethose/this.[4]Weoftenhearsuchtraditionalcomplainsasthis.....5）比较法——通过对过去、现在两种不同的倾向、观点的比较，引出文章要讨论的观点。[1]Foryears,...hadbeenviewedas....Butpeoplearetakingafreshlooknow.Withthegrowing...,people....[2]Peopleusedtothinkthat...(Inthepast,....)Butpeoplenowsharethisnewidea.6）故事法——先讲一个较短的故事来引发读者的兴趣，引出文章的主题。（建议少用）[1]Oncein(anewspaper),Ireadof/learnt.....Thephenomenonof...hasarousedpublicconcern.[2]Ihaveafriendwho...Shouldhe....?Suchadilemmaweareoftenconfrontedwithinourdailylife.[3]Onceuponatime,therelivedamanwho....Thisstorymaybe(unbelievable),butitstillhasarealisticsignificancenow.结尾：结论性---------通过对文章前面的讨论,引出或重申文章的中心思想及观点.[1].Fromwhathasbeendiscussedabove，wemaysafelydrawtheconclusionthat……[2].Insummary/Inaword，itismorevaluable……2-2后果性------揭示所讨论的问题若不解决,将产生的严重后果.[1].Wemustcallforanimmediatemethod，becausethecurrentphenomenonof……，ifallowedtoproceed，willsurelyleadtotheheavycostof……[2].Obviously，ifweignore/areblindtotheproblem，thereiseverychancethat……willbeputindanger.号召性--------呼吁读者行动起来,采取行动或提请注意.[1].Itistimethatweurgedanimmediateendtotheundesirabletendencyof……[2].Itisessentialthateffectivemeasuresshouldbetakentocorrectthetendency.2-4建议性--------对所讨论的问题提出建议性的意见,包括建议和具体的解决问题的方法.[1].Whileitcannotbesolvedimmediately，stillthereareways.Themostpopularis……Anothermethodis……Stillanotheroneis……[2].Awareness/Recognitionoftheproblemisthefirststeptowardthesituation.方向性的结尾方式----其与建议性的唯一差别就是对问题解决提出总的,大体的方向或者指明前景.[1].Manysolutionsarebeingofferedhere，allofthemmakesomesense，butnoneisadequateenough.Theproblemshouldberecognizedinawideway.[2].Thereisnoquickmethodtotheissueof……，but……mightbehelpful/beneficial.[3].Thegreatchallengetodayis……Thereismuchdifficulty，but……意义性的结尾方式--------文章结尾的时候,从更高的更新的角度指出所讨论的问题的重要性以及其深远的意义![1].Followingthesesuggestionsmaynotguaranteethesuccess，butthepayoffmightbeworththeeffort.Itwillnotonlybenefitbutalsobenefit……[2].Inanycase，whetheritispositiveornegative，onethingiscertainthatitwillundoubtedly……Nowadaysmanypeopleprefer(______)becauseitplaysasignificantroleinourdailylife.Generallyspeaking,itsadvantagescanbeseenasfollows.Ononehand,(______).Onetheotherhand,(_______).Buteveryswordhastwoblades.Thenegativeaspectsarealsoaparent.Oneoftheprominentdisadvantagesisthat(______).Tomakemattersworse,(______).Throughtheaboveanalysis,IbelievethatThePositiveaspectsfaroutweighsitsnegativeaspects.Whatevereffectsithas,onethingiscertain,(_____)itselfisneithergoodnorbad.Itistheuseswhichisputonitthatdeterminesitsvaluetooursociety.Some,othersandIThereisnoconsensusamongpeopleastotheviewof(_____).Theopinionsvaryfrompersontoperson.Somepeopleholdtheideathat(____).Acaseinpointisthat(_____).Ontheotherhand,othermayhaveaquitedifferentview.Accordingtothem,(_____).Themosttypicalexampleisthat(______).Weighingtheprosandconsofthesearguments,Iaminclinedtoagreewiththelatter.Admittedly,theformerpointofviewseemsreasonableinsayingtosomeextend,but(_____)ismoreconvincing.MyviewWhenaskedabout(_____),somepeopleholdtheideathat(_____).Asfarastheyareconcerned,(______).ButIcouldnotagreewiththeminseveralpoints.Inmyopinion,(_____).Thereasonformychoicearelistedasfollows.Firstofall,(______).Inaddition,(______).Lastbutnottheleast,(______).Forthereasonsmentionedabove,Ifirmlybelieve(______).HotissueWiththedevelopmentofthesociety,withtheadventof(______).wehavetofaceaproblemthat(______).Whatarethereasonsforit?Tostartwith,(______).Moreover,(______).Furthermore,(______).Inviewoftheseriousnessoftheproblem,effectivemeasuresshouldbetaken.Foronething,itishighttimethatpeoplealloverChinarealizedtheimportanceof(______);foranother,thegovernmentshouldissuelawsandregulationstoputthesituationundercontrol.Alongwiththeadvanceofthesocietymore