英语四级听力常考词汇及短语

-1-英语四级听力常考词汇及短语交通场景A．机场场景送别：airway空中航线,airport,sadplace,keepintouch,seesb.off.询问：flight,fly;directflight直飞,transfer转机;arrival,departure出发,destination目的地;one-wayticket单程票,returnticket,one-weekreturnticket;firstclass头等舱,businessclass,economyclass经济舱,regularclass经济舱;airline,airway,airport,airlounge候机大厅,waitingroom候机大厅;book,bebookedup客满,getticketchanged换签,switch换签;ontime,delayed,postponed延期,putoff,behindschedule延期,cancelled.登机：luggage行李,baggage,suitcase手提箱,briefcase公文包,bag,backpack;check-in登记,board上飞机,boardingpass登记证,airticket,theCustoms海关.机上：takeoff起飞,land着陆;fasten,seatbelt,safetybelt,lifebelt安全带;blanket毯子,drink.故障：badweather,mechanicalproblems机械故障B．事故场景交通堵塞：beheldintraffic,bestuckintraffic,车祸breakdown抛锚;rushhours高峰时间,trafficjam交通堵塞,peakseason高峰时间;事故后果：consequence结果,crash碰撞,minorinjury小伤,slightlyinjured小伤.C．交通工具工具：car,van,truck,lorry,jeep,bus,coach,trailer拖车,limousine豪华轿车;工具的一部分：wheel车轮,tyre(tire)轮胎,flattyre(tire),steeringwheel方向盘,headlight前灯,windscreen挡风玻璃,brake,pedal踏板,compartment车厢.家庭生活A．写信：writehome,hearfrom收信,receivealetterfrom,mail,email.B．电话：phone,call,ring,contact,hello,mobilephone,payphone公用电话,handphone,rate费用,cost,cheap,operator接线员,dial拨号,wrongnumber,notin不在,nobodybythatname没有这人.C．过节节日：Christmas,Thanksgiving;出游：travel,tour,visit,quiteanexperience.D．送礼：礼物：gift,present;场合:birthday,Christmas;赠送:give,buy…for,get…for,send,present.健康场景A.受伤：twist扭伤,strain拉伤,injure,hurt;B.外伤部位：shoulder肩,ankle踝,knee膝,wrist手腕;C.内伤部位：stomach胃,liver肝脏,lung肺,heart;D.检查措施:makeanappointment预约,check,x-ray,operation,treat手术,cure治愈,diagnose诊断;E.症状描述:tired,sneeze打喷嚏,runningnose流鼻涕,haveringingintheears耳鸣,feelundertheweather中暑,catchacold感冒,cough咳嗽;F.建议处方：ward病房,taketwodaysoff,morevegetables,lessfried(fast)food-2-少油炸,quit(giveup)smoking戒烟.G.相关人员：doctor,nurse,dentist牙医,surgeon外科大夫,physician内科大夫;H.医疗相关：radiodoctor,cardoctor,repairman,mechanic技工,engineer;I.诊断行为：fix,mend,repair,stopworking,gowrong.娱乐场景A.陶冶情操票务：ticket,fare费用;观赏活动：film,movie,theatre电影院,concert音乐会,play,show,TV，artgallery艺廊;相关词汇：channel,part,actor,actress,scene场面,act,oilpainting,romance爱情片,lovestory,horror恐怖片,action,documentary纪录片,commentary注释,science,news,sports,comedy喜剧,soapopera肥皂剧,quizshow智力节目,sit-com(situationcomedy)连续剧,thriller恐怖小说;参与活动：dance,disco,sing,karaoke卡拉OK.B．户外活动出游：camping,picnicking野餐,boating,skating,swimming,visiting,historicalsites历史遗址,naturalbeauty自然风光,scenery,touristattraction游览胜地,sightseeing观光;球赛：game,match,score,season,superstar.用餐场景：A．预定：atableforfour,reserveatable,reservation预定,cornertable;B．等待:hungry,starving饿死了,order,menu,waitingline排队,queue;C.用餐：trysomethingItalian,appetite胃口,appetizer开胃物,dessert餐后点心;D.埋单：treat埋单,myturn,onme记我账上,goDutchAA制;学习场景A.选课:course,daycourse,eveningcourse,optionalcourse选修课,literature,curriculum课程,extracurriculum;B.作业：report,essay评论,assignment,presentation陈述,paper,due期限,credit学分,rewrite重写;C.考试：mark,score,exam,fail,pass,goover,review;D.教授：lecture,topic,briefing简报,mission,takenotes记笔记,follow;E.学生：freshman,sophomore二年级学生,junior低年级,senior高年级,graduation毕业典礼,graduate毕业,undergraduate肄业生.买卖场景A.买卖租赁：onsale待售,forsale待售,forrent,let出租;B.廉价购买：bargain,Sundaymarket,fleamarket跳蚤市场,garagesale跳蚤市场;C.买书：book,paperback平装本,hardcover精装本,edition版本,bestseller,copy,volume卷,magazine,issue出版,periodic周期的;D.买房：furniture家具,three-bedroomhouse,waitingroom,livingroom,balcony阳台,bathroom,kitchen;-3-E.其他：strawhat草帽,TVset,model;F.广告：advertise,advertisement,quoterate报价;工作场景A．找工作申请：apply,applicationletter,resume履历;寻觅：job-hunting求职,jobopportunity,jobvacancy;求职面试：interview,interviewer考官,interviewee被考者;跳槽：jobhopping.B.办公室工作：forwardemail,typing,typewriter,typist打字员,typingerrors,Xeroxcopy电子复印文件,arrangeappointment(files),confirmarrangement预约;出差：businesstrip,onbehalfof代表,vacation假期;雇佣关系：employment雇佣,employee雇员,director主任,boss,secretary,bewith+单位在什么单位工作（bewiththelocalnewspaper）.公共生活A.银行：account账目,loan贷款,interest利益,interestrate利率,cash现金,cheque支票,deposit保证金,withdraw收回,overdraft透支,exchange兑换;B.填表：surname姓,lastname姓,familyname姓,firstname,姓givenname名,sex,gender性别,address,occupation职业,maritalstatus婚姻状况,print,sign,signature;C.邮局：deliver投递,send,mail,parcel包裹,postage邮资,registeredmail挂号信,expressmail,prioritymail优先的信;D.租房：book,reserve预定,rent,let,fullup订满,bookedup;E.交通标示：sign,one-waystreet单行线,drunkdriving,trafficrules,regulation规则.天气场景snow,rain,storm暴风雨,shower阵雨,raincatsanddogs下倾盆大雨,cold,windy,sunny,warmup变暖,forecast预报.其他A.集会活动：appointment,date,meeting,conference,party,assembly,lecture,seminar;B.图书馆：library,librarian,overdue过期,fine罚款;C.购物场所：departmentstore百货市场,supermarket,gasstation加油站,conveniencestore便利店,chainstore连锁商店,seveneleven711便利店,grocer’s杂货店,grocery.说明文的特点及解题技巧说明文的选项特征-4-1．选项简洁概括、不完整句子居多，最多有一至二题细节体2．选项往往比较抽象，一般以it/they/man/woman/等抽象名词做主语3．选项往往表达因果、目的、手段的小词如：because/by/to4．选项具备科学性、客观性的特点，但选项之间缺乏逻辑关系说明文的文章特点1．文章紧紧围绕一个事物或事件进行描述，深入浅出，要求知其所以然2．文章紧扣一个中心事物，着重描写一个熟悉事物的与众不同处3．语言平实、简洁、明白，有时会用以下修辞方法：分类法、举例子、做比较、列数字4．层次结构清楚，多为总分结构5．开篇引题，重点不分明。但以设问开头的说明文除外。标志词常出现的位置1．在每个层次的启承处判断个层次的启承主要有两种方法一种是听序数项标志词如：ontheotherhand/another/second等等；第二种是听“气”即语速，语音，语调有所变化的地方。2．段落开头、结尾处，前三后二科技类说明文重点注意三个“age”即a