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1倒装句（InversionofSentence）完全倒装：指整个谓语部分放在主语之前。部分倒装：指谓语中的一部分（通常是助动词、情态动词或系动词）放在主语之前，其余部分放在主语之后。形式倒装：把句中的某一个部分放在主语之前，主谓的顺序不变。特别提示：主倒与从倒前倒与后倒一、完全倒装A、简单句1、there+be结构中的倒装，有些不及物动词也可用于此结构，如：appear,exist,lie,remain,seem,stand,live等。Thereare40studentsinourclass.Therestandsabridgeacrosstheriver.2、以here,therethen,now,next,thus,hence,up,down,in,out,off,below,above,away等副词开头的倒装句，其谓词动词一般为be,go,come,follow,exist,remain等不及物动词。Herecometherestoftheparty.Theregoesthebell.Upwentthearrowintotheair.Downfelladozenapples.Thusendshislife(他就这样结束了生命)注：若主语为代词，则主谓不倒装。Hereyouare.Thenheleft.Inherushed.3、表地点的介词短语（infrontof,inthedistance,totheeastof,inthecornerof等）在句首，且谓语为不及物动词，主谓需倒装，起强调作用。Attheschoolgatestoodaguard.Underthetreesitsomestudents.(Tothe)eastofthetwohillsisafactory.注：若主语为代词，则不用倒装。Behindthecounterhestood.4、表语提前的倒装句型1）介词短语+be+主语。2）形容词+be+主语。3）分词+be+主语。Onthewallareseveralwater—colorpaintings.Happyarethosewhoarecontented.知足者常乐。Gonearethedayswhenmyheartwasyoungandgay.5、分词置于句首的倒装当进行进态中的现在分词和被动语态中的过去分词置于句首时，需用倒装。Sittingaroundherwereherchildren.Shotbyenemiesweretwoentirelyinnocenttourists.B、复合句1、当直接引语置于句首时主句用不用倒装均可，但倒装形式更为常见。“Wouldyouliketogobacktothehotel?”askedPaul.“Ishallnotscoldyou,”Saidtheman,“youarepunishedenoughhow.”注①：如果主谓语部分含有助动词就不用倒装。“Iamhungry,”shehadsaid(句中有助动词had)。②：如果主句的谓语动词有宾语时不用倒装。“Heisastudent”,Tomsaidtome.二、部分倒装A、简单句1、否定词语或半否定词语置于句首①never,neverbefore,neveragain,hardly,scarcely,rarely,veryrarely,barely,seldom,veryseldom,little,few,invain置于句首，需要部分倒装。NeverhaveIbeardorseensuchathing.HardlydidIthinkitpossible.Invaindidwetry.(我们试了，无效。)②not短语置于句首not与被否定的词语或宾语，同时提前，句子才用部分倒装，如notuntil,not+an/a+名词（notasoul,notamoment,notaword等),not+a+single+名词(notasinglemistake等),notuntil,，notonly,notmerely,notsimply,notonce,notoften,nototherwise等。Notamomentdidshewaste.Notasinglemistakedidhemakeinthiswork.Notuntilafterthewardidhecomebacktohisresearchwork.注：当not否定主语，或notonly…butalso连接两上主语时，不用倒装。Notawordwassaid.NotonlyyoubutalsoIwillattendthemeeting.③no短语置于句首no常可与其他词语构成固定短语，表示“决不”，如bynomeans，innoway，innocase，onnoaccount，under(或in)nocircumstances，atnotime,onnoterms等。如果这些短语作状语，置于句首，句子就通常用部分倒装。除此之外，nolonger,innotome,nosooner等短语置于句首，通常也要部分倒装。Bynomeansshouldhebeleftalone.Innowaycanweallowthistocontinue.注：如果no否定主语，句子就不用倒装。Nostudentisallowedtoentertheoffice.④no构成的合成词置于句首2no构成和成词，如nobody,nothing,nowhere等作宾语或状语，置于句首，句子用部分倒装。NobodydidIseethere.NothingcanIdo.注：当nobody,nothing作主语时，句子不用倒装。Nobodyknowsthatsecret.Nothingiswrong.2、only加状语置于句首，句子用部分倒装。Onlybythismeansisitpossibletoexplainhisfailuretoactdecisively.Onlyaftermakinginvestigationcanwehavetherighttospeak.注：only当修饰主语时，句子不用倒装。OnlysocialistcansaveChina.Onlyhecandealwithsuchsituation..OnlyhetheicebreakingjourneytoKoreainthepast20years.A.did,makeB.has,makeC.did,madeD.不填,hasmade3、Still/much/evenless(更不用说)和leastofall(最不)放在句首时，句子通常要部分倒装。LeastofallwouldIwanttohurtyourfeelings.Still/much/evenlessisithisintentiontomarryher.4、频率副词或短语（often,alwaysonce,manyatime,nowandagain,everyotherday等）置于句首，句子用部分倒装。Manyatimehashehelpedmewithmyexperiment.HowmanytimeshaveItoldyounottostandonthatchair.注：此句型也可不用倒装。MaryatimeIhaveseenthatmanbeggingfromdoortodoor.5、well,long等副词置于句首well,long等副词置于句首，需用部分倒装。WelldidIknowhimandwelldidbeknowme.WelldoIrememberyourfather.注意：longliveourfriendship.Mayyousucceed.B、复合句a)主倒从不倒1、在Hardly…when,scarcely…when,bearly…when,nosooner…than句型中，如果把否定的词放到句首，需要部分倒装。Hardly(Scarcely)hadhearrivedhomewhenitbegantorain.他刚到家就开始下雨了。NosoonerhadIreachedhomethanitbegantorainheavily.2、在so…that句型中，如果把so及其修饰的词语提到句首，需用部分倒装;在such…that句型中，如果such及其修饰的词语提到句首，也需用部分倒装。SofastdidherunthatIcouldn’tcatchupwithhim.Soloudlydidhespeakthateveryonecouldhearhimclearly.Suchfineweatherisitthatwedecidetogoforanouting.注：①so作副词，置于后一分句句首，表示“也一样”。HeknowsFrenchandsodoI.②to/insuch+名词放在句首时，用部分倒装，such用于句首时，全部倒装。Tosuchlengthsdidgonot,herstoriesthateverybodybegantofeelsleepy.SuchwasAlbertEinstein.3、as(justas)…，so…句型中的倒装as(justas)…，so…句型用于比喻，副词so部分需用部分倒装，表示“正如……，”“……也一样”。Asyousow,sowillyoureap.种瓜得瓜，种豆得豆。Astheearthtravelsthroughspace,sodoesthemoonroundtheearth.注：此句型也可不用倒装。JustasFrenchpeopleenjoytheirwine,sotheBritishenjoytheirbeer.4、only+状语从句放在句首时，要部分倒装。Onlyaftermyfriendcamewasthecomputerrepaired.5、notuntil+状语从句放在句首时，要部分倒装。Notuntilallthefishdiedintheriverdidthevillagersrealizehowseriousthepollutionwas.b)从倒主不倒1、虚拟条件从句中的倒装为条件句中出现had,were,should时，可以省略if，可采用部分倒装。Ifhehadcomeearlier,bewouldnothavemissedthebus.→Hadhecomeearlier,hewouldnothavemissedthebus.2、evenif引导的虚拟让步状语从句；如果句中含有had,were,should时，可省略evenif或保留even省略if,都需用部分倒装。（1）省略evenif。Werethedangerevengreater,Ishouldfeelcompelledtogo.即使危险再大，我也觉得非去不可。（2）保留even省略if。Evenhadshebeenalive,weshouldn’thaveseenher.即使她还活在人间，我们也见不着她。3、无引导词的让步状语从句：此句型的动词必须用原形，并采用倒装形式。（1）be+主语+or连接的两个表语，相当于whether…or。（2）be+主语+everso+形容词，相当于whether…or。（3）动词原形+or+连接的两个主语，相当于nomatter+疑问词。（4）动词原形+疑问词+主语+may/will,相当于nomatter+疑问词。“Beherichorpoor,I’llmarryhimallthesame,”saidthegirl.(=Whetherheisrichorpoor,I’llmarryhimallthetime.)Beachildeversoclever,ifhedoesnotlearn,heknowsnothing.(=Nomatterhowcleverachildis,ifhedoesnotlearn,heknowsnothing.)Comewindor