英语时态使用中的注意事项

1英语时态使用中的注意事项来源：金钥匙学校发布时间：2008-08-07编辑：叶谨[我来说两句(0)][字号：大中小]英语时态使用中的注意事项Attentionpleases,ladiesandgentlemen.Ourbusis_______closetoCambridge,______we’ll_________________toeat.We’llhaveourlunchinthegardenofarestaurantoverlookingasmallparkthat_______peopleofaveryfamoustree.It’ssaidthatGeneralGeorgeWashington________commandofthearmyin1775underitsverybranches.Itwasalmost100yearslater,in1864,_________thecityofCambridgecelebratedtheeventandfromthatmoment____,thetreewascalledtheWashingtonElm.Laterthetree_________________byinsectsandfinally________inastorm.Theremainsofthetreewerecutdownandthe_______ringswerecountedtofindouthowoldthetreewas.Well,itseemsthatifWashington____________thecommandofhisarmyunderthistreehemusthavedoneso___hisknees.Thisparticularelm____________________over3or4yearsoldin1775.Itisawell-knownfactthatWashingtontookcommandunderanelmtree,but_____________________,itcouldn’thavebeenthefamousWashingtonElm.Lookingbackonmychildhood,Ibelievethatnaturalistsare­­______andnotmade.Althoughwewerebroughtupinthesameway,mybrothersandsistershadno________inflowersandinsects.Unlike_____Ihadno_____formusicandlanguages.IwasnotanearlyreaderandIcouldnotdomentalarithmetic.BeforeWorldWarI,we_____oursummerholidaysinHungary,Ihaveonlythedimmemoryofthehousewelivedin,ofmyroomandmytoys.______doIrecallthelargefamilyofgrandparents,aunts,unclesandcousinsgatherednextdoor.ButIdohavea____memoryofthedogs,thefarmanimals,thelocalbirdsandabovealltheinsects.Iamanaturalist,notascientist.Ihaveastrongloveofthe____world.Ilovediscussingmyfavoritetopicsandenjoy__aboutotherpeople’sobservationsanddiscoveries.Thensomethinghappensthat______theseobservationstogetherinmymind.SuddenlyIthinkIseethe_______totheriddle,becauseitallseemstofittogether.Thishas___inmypublishing300papersandbooks,whichsome_____honorwiththetitleofscientificresearch.Butcuriosity,akeen(敏锐)eye,agoodmemoryandenjoymentoftheanimalandplantworlddoesnotmakeascientist:oneoftheoutstandingandessentialqualities________isself-discipline,aqualityIlack.Ascientist,uptoapoint,canbemade.Anaturalistisborn.Ifyoucan______thetwo,yougetthebestofbothworlds.时态使用中的注意事项一、只用一般时态，不用进行时态的动词：A.know,understand,forget,remember,believe,want,please,need,respect,prefer,mind,like,agree,wish,recognize,mean,care,dislike,love,hate,fear,hope,appreciate…B.appear,exist,lie,remain,stand,seem,want,belong,dependon,look…C.accept,allow,admit,complete,decide,end,give,receive,refuse,permit,promise…二、当表示过去未实现的希望或计划时，用过去完成时。Ihadhopedtopasstheexamination.=Ihopedtohavepassedtheexamination.三、一些将来时态的表示法。shall，will表示单纯将来和意志将来21.DidyoutellJuliaabouttheresult?NMET05IIIOh,no,Iforgot.I_______hernow.AwillbecallingB.willcallC.callD.amtocall2..Lookattheseblackclouds----there_____astorm(be)Betodo按计划，安排即将发生。也表示命令或禁止Noone______thisbuildingwithoutthepermissionofthepolice.(istoleave)3.Hetraveledtomanymountainvillagesandsawmanypoorchildrenoutofschool.Thisexperience_______hislife.(change)4.be+coming(leaving,reaching,starting,returning,settingout,meeting,opening,dying,arriving…)通常与表示未来的时间副词连用5.beabout+动词原形表示“即将、马上、就要”发生的动作注：在使用begoingto时要注意：不能表示单纯的将来，例：Iamgoingtobetwentyyearsold.如果有条件状语从句，主句中不能用。例：IfIseehim,Iamgoingtogivehimyourmessage.四、完成时态中瞬间动词的处理1.使用Itis+…since+过去时态的句子Theyhavebeenmarriedforthirtyyears.＝Itisthirtyyearssincetheymarried.2.代替法（用延续性动词或状态动词代替瞬间动词）复合句中的时态问题一、在由下面的词，短语引导的条件状语从句、时间状语从句、让步状语从句，主句如果是将来时态、或由情态动词，从句一般用现在时态表示将来。if,unless,as,when,assoonas,until,till,after,before,while,whenever,whatever,everif,eachtime,themoment,everytime,nomaterhow(what,when…),solongas,onconditionthat…二、主句的时态是现在或将来范畴的时态，宾语从句的谓语动词可以是任意时态，不受主句谓语动词的影响。三、since引导的从句在主句之后，应是时间状语从句，用一般过去时，主句则是现在完成时；since引导的从句在主句之前，一般是让步状语从句，主句是将来时态或有情态动词，从句应是现在时态。四、固定结构nosooner…than,hardly…when,scarcely…before中,nosooner,hardly,scarcely引导的句子一般用过去完成时，而than,when,before引导的句子则用一般过去时。五、if引导的非真实条件句，wish后的宾语从句，应用虚拟语气（后退一步法）。六、主句中如果含有：请求，命令，建议等意义的词，后面的宾语从句，主语从句，表语从句，从句中的谓语动词用should加动词原形或省去should。七、Itistime(hightime)后的从句的时态一般用过去时（或should+动词原形）。八、wouldrather后的从句时态用一般过去时。九、Itisthefirsttime后的从句应用现在完成时态。1.IfirstmetLisathreeyearsago.She_______ataradioshopatthetime.(NMET1997)A.hasworkedB.wasworkingC.hadbeenworkingD.hadworked2.Atthistimetomorrow_______overtheAtlantic.(2003北京)A.we'regoingtoflyB.we'llbeflyingC.we'llflyD.we'retofly3.Withtherapidgrowthofpopulation,thecity_______inalldirectionsinthepastfiveyears.(2001北京、安徽、内蒙古春季)A.spreadsB.hasspreadC.spreadD.hadspread34.JohnandI_______friendsforeightyears.WefirstgottoknoweachotherataChrist-masparty.Butwe_______eachotheracoupleoftimesbeforethat.(2002普高春季)A.hadbeen;haveseenB.havebeen;haveseenC.hadbeen;hadseenD.havebeen;hadseen5.IwonderwhyJenny_______usrecently.Weshouldhaveheardfromherbynow.(NMET2002)A.hasn'twrittenB.doesn'twriteC.won'twriteD.hadn'twritten6.-Howareyoutoday?-Oh,I_______asillasIdonowforaverylongtime.(NMET2000)A.didn'tfeelB.wasn'tfeelingC.don'tfeelD.haven'tfelt7.Youdon'tneedtodescribeher.I_______herseveraltimes.(NMET1995)A.hadmetB.havemetC.metD.meetfor+时间段和since+时间点往往表明到现在/过去为止某动作已持续多长时间，应用现在/过去完成时；by后接过去时间状语常表示到过去某一时刻为止已经完成的动作，应用过去完成时；uptonow/to