英语五大基本句型及练习

英语五大基本句型及练习英语五大基本句型及练习基本概念：与汉语相似，英语句子是由主语(subject),谓语动词(verb),宾语(object),表语(predicative),状语(adverbial),宾语补足语(objectcomplement)等成分组成，按照这些成分的组合方式英语句子可分为五种基本句型。句型一：主语+不及物动词不及物动词本身就可以表达完整的意念，不需要宾语及补语，但有时可有副词，介词短语等状语修饰语。e.g.Therainstopped.Theoldmanwalksinthepark.句型一的扩展：1.主语+不及物动词+状语e.g.Themachineworkssmoothly.(机器运转正常。)2.There+不及物动词+主语e.g.Thereissomemilkinthebottle.Therecomesthebus.3.主语+不及物动词+动词不定式e.g.Theystoppedtotakeashortrest.(他们停下来稍作休息)特别提醒动词stop可用作不及物动词，也可用作及物动词。作不及物动词时,通常后接动词不定式,表示停下来的目的是做另一件事。作及物动词时，通常后接动名词,表示停止做这件事。e.g.Theystoppedtakingarest.句型二：主语+系动词+表语系动词本身不能表达完整的意念没，需要形容词，名词，介词短语等来补充说明主语，也叫主语补语。e.g.Mysisterisanurse.Ifeelquitehungry.Theballisunderthedesk.句型三：主语+及物动词+宾语及物动词本身需要一个动作的接受者（宾语），才可以表达一个完整的意念。e.g.WearelearningEnglish.Doyouknowhim?Yourradioneedsrepairing.Shehopestoseeheruncle.句型四：主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语有些及物动词需要两个宾语才能表达一个完整意念。e.g.Hermotherboughtheraskirt.Givemethebook,please.特别提醒A.在此句型中，通常是间接宾语（人）在前，直接宾语（物）在后，有时直接宾语和间接宾语可以对调，这时间接宾语前应加上适当的介词。e.g.Hermotherboughtaskirtforher.Givethebooktome,please.直接宾语与间接宾语对调时，间接宾语前加介词to的动词有：give(给),tell(告诉),lend(借给),sell(卖),teach(教),send(寄给),write(写给),show(出示),return(还给),bring(带给),pass(递给),leave(留给),offer(提供),hand(交给)间接宾语前加介词for的动词有：buy(买),choose(选择),get(弄到),make(做),order(订购),sing(唱歌),do(做),play(演奏)B.如果直接宾语为人称代词那么必须把直接宾放在间接宾语前，且间接宾语前要加上适当的介词。e.g.Ihandedittoourteacher.不能说：Ihandedourteacherit.C.此句型变为被动语态时，可分为两种情况。e.g.Hermotherboughtheraskirt.a.Shewasboughtaskirtbyhermother.b.Askirtwasboughtforherbyhermother.句型五：主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语及物动词本身需要一个宾语外，还需要一个名词，形容词，副词,动词不定式，分词来补充说明宾语，才能表达一个完整的意念。e.g.WeelectedLiYangourmonitor.Thenewsmadeussad.Shesawthethiefstealintotheshop.Theteacheraskedmetoanswerthequestion.Ifoundthemanstealingthemoney.Ifoundmymoneystolen.特别提醒A.现在分词为宾语补足语时，宾语与现在分词之间是主动关系；过去分词为宾语补足语时,宾语与过去分词之间是被动关系。B.在let(让)，make(使得)，have（请，让，使得），see(看)，hear(听到)，watch(观看)，feel(感觉到)，listento(倾听)，lookat(看到)，notice(注意到)等动词后的宾语补足语如果为不定式，则省掉”to”,但变为被动语态时，则要带”to”.e.g.Wehearhersingnextdoor.Sheisheardtosingnextdoor.C.此句型变为被动语态时，只有一种情况。e.g.Theysawhimstealtheoldman’smoney.Hewasseentostealtheoldman’smoney.英语五大基本句型练习1.Iamsorrytohavekeptyou____.a.waitb.towaitc.waitingd.waited2.Shefoundherdog___overbyacarontheroad.a.runb.rand.torund.running3.Roseisgoingtohaveherhair_____.a.dob.donec.didd.doing4.Shefeltsomebody___her.a.touchedb.touchesc.touchd.totouch5.Shetaughthim_____speakEnglish.a.howb.howcouldhec.howhecouldd.howto6.Hedidn’tenjoytheplaybecausehe____.a.wasboringb.boredc.wasboredd.boring7.Iwillmakeyourdream____.a.comestrueb.tocometruec.comingtrulyd.cometrue8.Hewarned____home.a.ustonotgob.usnottogoc.wenotgod.usnotgo9.Cannedfooddoesnotgo____.a.bedeasilyb.badlyeasyc.badeasyd.badlyeasily10.Thesadnewskepther___allthenight.a.awakeb.wakenc.waked.towake11.Ithink____abadhabittogetuplate.a.thatb.itc.thisd.its12.Hefoundhismoney_____.a.stealb.stealingc.stolend.tosteal13.Rosesinbloomsmell____.a.sweetlyb.sweetc.sweetend.sweetness14.Wemusthavethemachine____.a.torepairb.repairingc.repaird.repaired15.Shewaslyinginthesofa____abook.a.readingb.readc.toreadd.toreading16.Atelevisionsetwillkeepus____ofthenewsoftheday.a.informb.toinformc.informedd.informing17.Thespeakerfoundhimself____allalone.a.leftb.leavec.leavingd.toleave18.Thespeakerfoundhimself____.a.misunderstandb.misunderstandingc.misunderstoodd.tomisunderstand19.-Mywatchisbroken.–Whydon’tyou___.a.takearepaireryourwatchb.takeyourwatcharepairerc.taketoarepaireritd.takeittoarepairer20.Iheardyouwenttothemuseumyesterdayandcouldn’tfind____thehotel.a.howtoreturntob.howyoucouldgoforc.thewaybackford.thewaybackto21.Yesterdaywasmybirthday.Mymother____.a.madeacaketomeb.madeacakemec.madeformeacaked.mademeacake22.Theteacher____Johnagoodstudent.a.believesb.knowsc.suggestsd.considers23.It’safineday.Let’sgoboating,___?a.willweb.don’twec.won’twed.shallwe24.Don’tsmokeintheclassroom,___?a.willyoub.doyouc.don’tyoud.won’tyou25.Heseldomhaslunchathome,____he?a.hasb.hasn’tc.doesd.doesn’t26.Wehadtogetupearly,___we?a.didn’tb.don’tc.hadd.did27.YouhadTomdothejob,____you?a.didb.didn’tc.hadd.hadn’t28.Letushaveanotherlook,____you?a.willb.wouldc.won’td.wouldn’t29.Nobodycame,___?a.didn’theb.didn’ttheyc.didhed.didthey30.Weoughttohanditintoday,____we?a.oughtn’tb.don’tc.shouldn’td.won’t31.We’dbetterwaitfortenmoreminutes,___?a.hadn’tweb.don’twec.didn’twed.wouldn’twe32.I’dlikeasandwich,____?a.wouldyoub.doyouc.couldn’tyoud.don’tyou33.ThisisthethirdtimethisweekJohnhashadtostudylate,___?a.hasn’theb.isn’thec.hasn’titd.isn’tit34.YouandIdidittogether,___?a.didn’tIb.didn’tyouc.didyoud.didn’twe35.Theyshouldhavecompleteditearlier,____?a.shouldtheyb.shouldn’ttheyc.havetheyd.haven’tthey36.Youmaytakeitifyouwantto,___?a.mayn’tyoub.don’tyouc.shouldn’tyoud.won’tyou37.YoumusthavetoldMr.Smiththesecret,___?a.mustn’tyoub.mustyouc.haven’tyoud.haveyou38.Shedislikedtheskirthisfatherboughther,___?a.didsheb.didn’tshec.wasshed.wasn’tshe39.Tomsaidhewasnottherethen,___?a.didn’theb.didhec.wasn’thed.washe40.Isupposeheishonest,___?a.don’tIb.doIC.isn’thed.ishe41.Idon’tthinkheisserious,___?a.don’tIb.doIC.isn’thed.ishe42.She’sfinished