英美文学

1《英美文学》作业Unit11.WhatyearwasShakespeareBorn?A1562B1564C1616D16172.WhatwasthenameofShakespeare'stheatricalcompany?ATheKing’smanBTheQueen’smanCTheChessmanDTheLordsman3.AllofthefollowingplaysaretragediesbyShakespeareexceptA、OthelloB、HamletC、TheTempestD、Macbeth4.EnglishRenaissancePeriodwasanageofA.proseandnovelB.poetryanddramaC.essaysandjournalsD.balladandsongs5.Shakespeare’sfourtragediesare___________,______________,____________and_____________.6.Pleasereadthefamousmonologueandanswerthefollowingquestions.Tobe,ornottobe─thatisthequestion:Whether'tisnoblerinmindtosufferTheslingsandarrowsofoutrageousfortuneOrtotakearmsagainstaseaoftroubles.Andbyopposingendthem.Todie─tosleepNomore;andbyasleeptosayweendTheheartache,andthethousandnaturalshocksThatfleshisheirto.'tisaconsummationDevoutlytobewishdTodie─tosleep,Tosleep─perchancetodream;ay,there'stherub!ForinthatsleepofdeathwhatmaycomeWhenwehaveshuffledoffthismortalcoilMustgiveuspause.There'stherespectThatmakescalamityofsolonglife.Forwhowouldbearthewhipsandscornsoftime,Theoppressor'swrong,theproudman'scontumely,Thepangsofdespisedlove,thelaw'sdelay,Theinsolenceofoffice,andthespurnsThatpatientmeritoftheunworthytakes,WhenhehimselfmighthisquietusmakeWithabarebodkin?Whowouldthesefardelsbear,2Togruntandsweatunderawearylife,ButthatthedreadofsomethingafterdeathTheundiscoveredcountry,fromwhosebournNotravelerreturns─puzzlesthewill,AndmakesusratherbearthoseillswehaveThanflytoothersthatweknownotof?Thusconsciencedoesmakecowardsofusall,AndthusthenativehueofresolutionIssickliedo’erwiththepalecastofthought,AndenterprisesofgreatpithandmomentWiththisregardtheircurrentsturnawryAndlosethenameofaction.1.Whichfamousplayisthespeechtakenfrom?Whoistheauthoroftheplay?2.Whogivesthespeechintheplay?3.Whatdoesthespeechindicate?4.Whatisthestoryoftheplay?7.Explaintheterm“Renaissance”.Answer1.B2.D3.C4.B5.Hamlet,Othello,KingLearandMacbeth61).Hamlet;WilliamShakespeare2)themaincharacteroftheplay-Hamlet3)“tobeornottobe”indicatestoliveorendone’slife.Thewholedriftofthespeechshowshisbeliefinafuturelife.ThisspeechshowsHamlet’smelancholyandhisdelayanddescribeshefacedthedilemmaofactionandmind.4).7.ThetermRenaissancereferstoagreatbourgeoisculturalmovementinEuropewhichbeganinthe14thcenturyandcontinuedtothemid-17thcentury.ItfirststartedfromItalyandthenspreadalloverEurope.Originally,thetermmeans“rebirth”or“revival”.AndthemovementseemstobearebirthorrevivalofancientGreekandRomanculture,causedbyaseriesofhistoricalevents,suchasthenewdiscoveriesingeographyandastrology,thereligiousreformationandtheeconomicexpansion.3Unit21.PleasesummarizethestoryofRobinsonCrusoe.2.WhatdoestheimageofRobinsonCrusoerepresent?3.WhatarethefeaturesofDanielDefoe’sfictions?4.___isconsideredthefatheroftheEnglishnovel.A.DefoeB.FieldingC.RichardsonD.GoldsmithAnswer1.ThestorywasbasedontheexperienceofaScottishSailornamedAlexanderSelkirkwhohadbeenmaroonedonadesertislandoffthecoastofChileandlivedthereinsolitudeforfourorfiveyears.AfterhisreturntoEurope,hisadventuresbecameknown.Defoewrotethisnovelinthefirstpersonsingular.ThisnovelbeginswithCrusoe’scareerasasailorandamerchant,andthenasaplantationownerandaslavetrader.OnavoyagetoAfricatobuyslaveshemeetswiththemostunfortunateshipwreck.Thenhefindshimselfcastbytheseawavesupontheshoreofanuninhabitedisland.Hehastostatetherealoneandmanagethelivelihoodforhimself.Firstofall,hegetsbacksomefoodandclothes,afewgunsandsomeammunitionfromthewretchedship.Hebuildsasheltertoprotecthimself.Thenhegrowsbarleyandrice,domesticatedgoatsandfightagainstcannibalsavagescomingfromtheneighboringislands,laterhesavesasavagefromdeathandnamedhimFriday,whobecomeshisfaithfulservant.InthehopeofreturningtoEurope,hebuildsaboat.FinallyanEnglishshipcomesandtakeshimback.ThusRobinsonCrusoeendshistwenty-eightyears’lifeinthedesertedisland.2.Inthisnovel,Defoecreatedtheimageofatrueempire-builder,acolonizerandaforeigntrader,whohasthecourageandwilltofacehardships,andwhohasdeterminationtopreservehimselfandimprovehislivelihoodbystrugglingagainstnature.Thereisalsoaglorificationoflabor,whichenablestheherograduallytoproduceafavorableconditionforhimself.Hisresourcefulnessinbuildingahome,dairy,grapearbor,countryhouse,andgoatstablefrompracticallynothingisclearlyremarkable,whichisapplaudedbySwissphilosopherJean-JacquesRousseau.Thisimageisacriticismofthelazyandparasiticfeudalnoblesandapraiseofthebourgeois.3.Thoughmostofhisworksarewritteninthepicaresquetradition,Defoeisananti-romantic,anti-feudalrealisticwriter.Hisstoriesareallrealconcernsofhistime:peopleintheirstruggletoovercomethenaturalorsocialenvironment.Allhisworkshaveaverystrongverisimilitude.Toconvincethereaderofthetruthofhisstories,Defoeadoptedtheautobiographicalformandmadefulluseofhislongtrainedjournalisticskillbydescribingthingsingreatdetailandbyusingspecifictimeandspace.ThefollowingexcerptshowshowRobinsonmakesaraftwithconcretedescriptionDefoe’sstyleischaracterizedbyaplain,smooth,easy,direct,andalmostcolloquialbutnevercoarselanguage.Hiswordsaremuchclosertothevernacularoframblingsentenceswithoutstrongpausestog