遇难同胞纪念馆”建筑意义再研究

华中科技大学硕士学位论文透视建筑时间之维——“侵华日军南京大屠杀遇难同胞纪念馆”建筑意义再研究姓名：徐俊芬申请学位级别：硕士专业：建筑设计及其理论指导教师：陈纲伦20061112I;;;;IIAbstractArchitectureisacertainofthree-dimensionalphysicalspace,butthefactoroftimeplayrolesnotonlyontheexistenceofarchitectureitselfbutalsoontheobservationandexperienceonwhichpeoplehave.Ononehand,astimegoeson,function,space,formandmeaningetc.andeveryotheraspectsofarchitecturehavetransformedcontinuously.Ontheotherhand,people’sobservationandexperienceonthespaceofarchitectureareformedbythecontinuousmovementandapperceptionoftheperspectivepicturewhichiscontinuouslytransforming.Itisthereflectionofflowing-timeofspace.Atthismoment,peoplenolongersatisfiedwiththearchitectureasathree-dimensionalcomprehensionofthearts,butwiththeevolvingofWorldview,ittimelytransformedtofour-dimensionalspatiotemporalarts.Bydiscoursinguponthephilosophyoftime,wecanpreliminaryunderstandthegeneralcharacteristicsofthetime.Fromarchitecturalphenomenonandarchitecturaldesignweabstractthecategoryofphilosophyofarchitecture.Alongthehistoricalcontext,people’scognitionontheessenceofarchitectureemergedasfourtypicalphaseswhicharecontinuouslydevelopingandevolving:Ancientnon-timelinessarchitecture,latter-daytimelinessarchitecture,modernspecialarchitecture,post-modernfour-dimensionalspatiotemporalarchitecture.Architectureisafour-dimensionalspecialart.Timeisbeingeverywhereinthearchitecture.Itcannotexpressitself,however,itcanbeexpressedbytheotherthings—themovementandtransformationoffunction,space,time,andmeaningandotheressentialsofarchitecture.WithresearchingontheNanjingMassacreMemorialHallfromtheperspectiveoftemporaldimension,theauthorperceivedthematerialfunctionoftemporaldimensioninarchitecturedesign,andexemplifiedthemeaningandvalueoftheresearchontemporaldimensionofarchitecture.Thepracticalsignificanceofthetemporaldimensionofarchitectureliesinitthatthemethodandachievementofthetimelinessarchitecturethinkingcannotonlyexploitnewthoughtsonarchitecturaldesign,butalsocanenlightenusnewviewsonthepreservationIIIofmodernarchitecturalheritageandcityrehabilitation.Accordingtowhich,wecanresolvetheproblemssuchasthepreservationofhistoricalbuildings,thecontinuationofthecontextofcityandtheorganicintegrationofhistoricaltraditionofarchitectureandmoderndesign,consequentlycreatebetterarchitecturalspacesaccordingwiththedemandsofpeople.Keywords:Time;Timedimension;Architecturaltimedimension;Timeattributes;Un-timeattributes._____.111.1Space-Time[1]1864190920[1]22121211.21.2.1132(ColinRowe)(Context)420(Sigfried.Giedion)Space,Time,Architecture1001929BrunoZevi[2][2]...1985.51.2.2211999UIA203.2()()()()()612371.31.3.181.3.21)2)91.4110[3]23[4][3]198081798.[4]1996.1145.111.51.5.11231.5.2:1234121.5.31.11322.12.1.112[5][5]198081793.142.1.21[6]()2(1)231(2)31234[6]2002(5)80152.1.31[7][8]23[7][M]1981176[8][M]1988294162.22.2.12.2.21,17[9]2[10][9][10]18Maleblonche2.2.3()1920192.2.42.3202.12.3.118572.1232.242.2212.3FlowingWater2.3.22.3?20222.12.42.1233Diachronic12343.13.1.13.1243.13.1.2-[11][11]...1985.257203.253.33.1.33.33.43.2263.4471253063.1.4[12][12]...1985.273.23.2.1186019[13]1836~18681855~1864[13](JohnRuskin,1819~1900)283.63.53.2.219201RedHouse3.52NewArchitectureMovement19803OttoWagner291895ModerneArchitekturPurity3.63.33.3.12020120303.719051925ErecMendelsohn1887~195319171921EinstainTowerPotsdam3.7190521908(FilippoTommasomarinelli)19123120(AntonioSant’Elia)3(PabloPicasso)(GeorgesBraque)19073.83.832AlexanderArrhipenko191219121912RanmondDuchamp-Villon1876~191819041914(4)33(NatimGabo)(AntoinePevsner)19201919~1920(3.9)303111119233.9343.10(5)19243.103.3.231-FlowingSpace19293.113.1235FlowingSpace12342-(ContinuousSpace)191419263.113.12363.133.15(ContinuousSpace)3-SpaceinMotion3SpaceinMotion[14][14].——.,2002(2).3.133.15373.173.163.163.173.183.193.183.1938ParallelmontageRacconto[15]3.41[16]2montagecollage[15][]M..[16]..2001.70393.203.213453.20403.4.1:WorldTradeCenter19733.213.4.2HighTech206041bowelism3.4.3:2050,:1)422345673.4.420123.4.5433.22PeterEisenman60NoamA.ChomskyGenerativeGrammar198319893.221912PlaceTectionis3.520203044Synchronicdiachronic[17][17]20001-10454[18]4.1[19][18]..:1989.[19]199644.146(4.1)4.1.1[20]192021[20]()198724247ShoppingMall,ThemePark4.1.24850708060704.1.349[21]2080100ArchbishopricMuseum4.24.3[21]...:2002.4.24.3504.1.4[22]4.44.7[22][]20014.44.751FunctionOMA123)4.2ArchitectureSpaceBuildingSpace524.84.2.12080904.2.2534.91234.84.954916504.2.3[23][23]2003622554.10KurtLewin————70——————4.10564.2.44.114.144.114.14574.13.53584.3,4.3.11)2)59HillsideTerrace19691992HillsideTerrace1967253604.15(4.l5)4.3.24.164.18614.194.214.164.184.3.3624.224.234.194.21634.224.23(4.24)4.3.44.24641)2)3)18654)214.4meaning()664.4.1text[24]4.1[24]1154.1674.4.2contextmeaningsignificance4.4.3681234694.5[25][25][]199652647055.15.1.1193777312131915305.1.2198571199519841985,4019961997,60200770355.21937725.2.113306.6663056“”6666“”561.9371937“”1635“00000”3000005.15.15.35.2735.42——5.25.2.215.32()——“”17“”“”“”“”——5.4745.55.6“”5.2.31“”433.55.52401.62225.635.65.2.4175.7755.7245.85.95.85.9765.105.35.3.15.10130000051772125.115.1