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密级：学校代码：10075分类号：学号：20101389工程硕士学位论文学位申请人：胡洋指导教师：郭宝增教授学位类别：工程硕士学科专业：集成电路工程授予单位：河北大学答辩日期：二○一二年六月ClassifiedIndex：CODE：10075U.D.C：NO：20101389ADissertationfortheDegreeofEngineeringDesignandOptimizationofFoldedCascodeCMOSOperationalAmplifierCandidate:HuYangSupervisor:Prof.GuoBaozengAcademicDegreeAppliedfor:MasterofEngineeringSpecialty:IntegratedCircuitEngineeringUniversity:HebeiUniversityDateofAccomplishment:June，2012摘要I摘要随着集成电路技术的不断发展，高性能运算放大器得到广泛应用，成为模拟集成电路和混合信号集成电路设计的核心单元电路。集成运算放大器，简称运放，它在模拟运算、信号处理、D/A和A/D转换器以及有源滤波等很多方面得到广泛应用，被人们称为“万能的集成电路”。本文将设计一种折叠式共源—共栅结构的CMOS运算放大器。折叠式共源共栅电路不仅能提高增益，增加电源电压噪声抑制能力，而且在输出端允许自补偿。相比套筒式结构，折叠式共源—共栅电路可以增大电路的输出摆幅，并且使得电路更适合做单位增益缓冲器。本次设计中，我们通过对比套筒式、折叠式等几种运放结构与性质，首先确立了电路的基本结构，即折叠式共源共栅的放大器结构，通过两级运算放大器的级联实现了运算放大器的基本功能以及参数目标。之后，利用TannerEDA工具，在一系列仿真与模拟中，根据电路性能与模拟结果，参考直流增益、交流增益、噪声、共模抑制比等曲线和结果，对管子的宽长比等设计参数进行了进一步反复调整，使得昀终的共源共栅放大器电路参数更合理，更优化。关键字共源共栅低功耗CMOS运算放大器AbstractIIAbstractWiththecontinuousdevelopmentoftheintegratedcircuittechnology,high-performanceoperationalamplifiersarewidelyused,theyhavebeenthecoremodulesofanalogintegratedcircuitsandmixed-signalintegratedcircuit.Integratedoperationalamplifier,referredasOpAmps,ithasbeenwidelyusedinanalogcomputing,signalprocessing,D/AandA/Dconverter,aswellasactivefiltering,andmanyotheraspects.Theywereknownasuniversalintegratedcircuit.ThispaperwilldesignafoldedcascodeCMOSoperationalamplifier.Thefoldedcascodecircuitcannotonlyincreasethegain,increasethepowersupplyvoltagenoiserejectioncapability,andalsoallowself-compensationattheoutput.Comparedtothetelescopestructure,foldedcascodecircuitcanincreasetheoutputswingofthecircuit,andmakesthecircuitmoresuitableforaunitygainbuffer.Inthisdesign,firstlywecomparedthestructureandpropertiesoftelescopeandcascadeoperationalamplifier.Andthenestablishedthebasicstructureofthecircuit,thefoldedcascodeoperationalamplifierstructure.Itcanachievetheoperationalamplifier'sbasicfunctionsandparametersofthetarget.Thenwerepeatedlyadjustthedesignparametersofthetransistorsinaseriesofsimulationandmodeling,suchascircuitperformanceandsimulationresultsintheTannerEDAsoftware,refertotheDCgainandACgain,noise,andCMRR.Abovethis，wemakethefinalthecircuitparametersofthefoldedcascodeoperationalamplifierbemorereasonableandmoreoptimized.KeywordsfoldedcascodelowpowerCMOSOperationalAmplifier目录III目录第1章概述............................................................................................................................11.1课题的研究背景及意义..............................................................................................11.2国内外研究现状..........................................................................................................11.3课题的研究内容..........................................................................................................21.3.1折叠式共源—共栅放大器的特点....................................................................21.3.2折叠式共源—共栅放大器的电路设计............................................................41.3.3折叠式共源—共栅放大器的版图设计............................................................4第2章运算放大器的设计基础............................................................................................62.1运算放大器简介..........................................................................................................62.2运算放大器的基本结构..............................................................................................62.2.1套筒结构............................................................................................................72.2.2折叠结构............................................................................................................72.3CMOS运算放大器的设计方法...................................................................................8第3章运算放大器的性能指标..........................................................................................103.1增益............................................................................................................................103.2带宽............................................................................................................................103.2.13dB带宽...........................................................................................................113.2.1单位增益带宽..................................................................................................113.3建立时间....................................................................................................................113.4相位裕度....................................................................................................................123.5转换速率....................................................................................................................123.6共模抑制比................................................................................................................123.7电源电压抑制比........................................................................................................13第4章折叠式共源共栅CMOS运算放大器的设计.........................................................144.1设计指标.....................