美国哈佛大学研究生入学考试题船舶碰撞

308U.S.378,*;60S.Ct.332,**;84L.Ed.335,***;1940U.S.LEXIS1076POSTALSTEAMSHIPCORP.v.ELISLEO**TogetherwithNo.74,PostalSteamshipCorp.v.SouthernPacificCo.,alsoonwritofcertioraritotheCircuitCourtofAppealsfortheSecondCircuit.No.73SUPREMECOURTOFTHEUNITEDSTATES308U.S.378;60S.Ct.332;84L.Ed.335;1940U.S.LEXIS1076December12,1939,ArguedJanuary2,1940,DecidedPRIORHISTORY:CERTIORARITOTHECIRCUITCOURTOFAPPEALSFORTHESECONDCIRCUIT.CERTIORARI,post,p.532,toreviewtheaffirmanceofdecreesoftheDistrictCourt,inadmiralty,20F.Supp.373,whichdismissedalibelbroughtbythepresentpetitionerandawardeddamagestotherespondent,inacollisioncase.DISPOSITION:101F.2d4,reversed.CASESUMMARYPROCEDURALPOSTURE:BywritofcertioraritotheCircuitCourtofAppealsfortheSecondCircuit,petitionerownerofasteamersoughtreviewoftheaffirmanceofdecreesinadmiraltythatdismissedalibelbroughtbypetitionerandawardeddamagestorespondentownerofasteamerinacollisioncase.OVERVIEW:Petitioner'ssteamercollidedwithrespondent'ssteamer,andthepartieseachfiledlibelsagainstthevesselsoftheother.TheDistrictCourtfoundthatpetitioner'ssteamerwassolelyatfault,andthus,decreesdismissingpetitioner'ssuitandawardingdamagestorespondentwereaffirmedbytheCourtofAppeals.Uponreview,thecourtheldthatbecausetheCourtofAppealsdidnotconsidertheconductofrespondent'ssteamerinlightoftherequirementsofSupervisingInspectors'RulesIIandVII,butimproperlythought,underthecompulsionofformerdecisions,thatithadtodisregardsuchrequirements,thecauseshadtobereturnedtotheCourtofAppealsforconsiderationofsuchrulesinlightofArticle27oftheInlandRules,establishedbytheActofJune7,1897,Arts.19,21-23,27,30Stat.101,102;33U.S.C.S.Ё204,206-208,212.ThecourtdeterminedthattheRuleswerenotessentiallyinconsistentwithArticle27astheywerealldesignedtopromotesafetyinacrossingcoursessituationbyrequiringoneofthecrossingvesselstostop,butitrefusedtopassupontheparticularfactsofthecaseassuchwastheappropriateprovinceoftheCourtofAppeals.OUTCOME:ThecourtreversedthejudgmentsoftheCourtofAppeals,whichhadbeenenteredinfavorofrespondent,andthereafterremandedthecauses.CORETERMS:vessel,signal,inspectors,channel,crossing,speed,collision,privileged,steamvessels,fault,blast,starboard,bow,InlandRules,approaching,RuleVII,statutoryprovisions,pilot,dangeroussituation,steamship,steamer,sounded,port,Inspectors'Rules,dangerofcollision,formerdecisions,starboardside,portside,navigation,slackenLexisNexis�HeadnotesHideAdmiraltyLawCollisionsPreventionRegulatory&StatutoryDutiesApproachingVesselsTransportationLawWaterTransportationInlandNavigationRulesHN1SeetheArticlesoftheInlandRulesestablishedbyCongressbytheActofJune7,1897,c.4,�2,30Stat.102;33U.S.C.S.�157.AdmiraltyLawCollisionsPreventionGeneralOverviewTransportationLawWaterTransportationInlandNavigationRulesHN2SeeRulesIIandVIIoftheSupervisingInspectors,purportingtohavebeenadoptedundertheauthorityoftheActofJune7,1897,c.4,�2,30Stat.102;33U.S.C.S.�157.Shepardize:RestrictByHeadnoteAdmiraltyLawCollisionsLiabilityGeneralOverviewAdmiraltyLawCollisionsPreventionRegulatory&StatutoryDutiesGeneralOverviewTransportationLawWaterTransportationInlandNavigationRulesHN3SeeArt.27oftheInlandRulesestablishedbyCongressbytheActofJune7,1897,c.4,�2,30Stat.102;33U.S.C.S.�157.TransportationLawWaterTransportationInlandNavigationRulesTransportationLawWaterTransportationMaintenance&SafetyTransportationLawWaterTransportationSteamersHN4RuleVIIoftheSupervisingInspectors,purportingtohavebeenadoptedundertheauthorityoftheActofJune7,1897,c.4,�2,30Stat.102;33U.S.C.S.�157,providesthatthesteamvesselwhichhasanotheronherownportsideshallholdhercourseandspeed;andthesteamvesselwhichhastheotheronherownstarboardsideshallkeepoutofthewayoftheotherbydirectinghercoursetostarboardsoastocrossthesternoftheothersteamvessel,or,ifnecessarytodoso,slackenherspeedorstoporreverse.ThesecondparagraphofRuleVIIprovidesforthestoppageandbackingofbothvesselsifnecessaryuntilsignalsforpassingwithsafetyaremadeandunderstood.MoreLikeThisHeadnote|Shepardize:RestrictByHeadnoteAdmiraltyLawCollisionsLiabilityGeneralOverviewAdmiraltyLawCollisionsPreventionRegulatory&StatutoryDutiesApproachingVesselsAdmiraltyLawCollisionsPreventionRegulatory&StatutoryDutiesLightsHN5RuleIIoftheSupervisingInspectorsshouldbereadinconnectionwithRuleVIIoftheSupervisingInspectorsandbothshouldbeconstruedinthelightofthestatutoryprovisioninArticle27oftheInlandRulesestablishedbyCongressbytheActofJune7,1897,c.4,�2,30Stat.102;33U.S.C.S.�157.MoreLikeThisHeadnote|Shepardize:RestrictByHeadnoteAdmiraltyLawCollisionsPreventionGeneralOverviewHN6Itisahardrulethatrequiresamasterwhenheseesanothervesselabouttocrosshisbowwithwantondisregardofhisrightstostopandallowthearrogantusurpertopursuehiswrongfulcourse.Butsafetyisbetterthanpride;andhoweverslightthehopethatrulestopromotesafetywillbeobservedundersuchcircumstances,whatevercourtsmaysay,thevesselsmustbejudgedaccordingtotheirlegalduties.MoreLikeThisHeadnote|Shepardize:RestrictByHeadnoteLawyers'EditionDisplayHideLAWYERS'EDITIONHEADNOTES:[***LEdHN1]COLLISION,�19crossingcou