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YYZYQ第1页2019-12-201●涉及文化教育的词汇：自学成才tobecomeeducatedthroughindependentstudy填鸭式教学法forced-feedingmethodofteaching普及教育universaleducation义务教育compulsoryeducation学前教育preschooleducation初等教育elementaryeducation中等教育secondaryeducation高等教育highereducation普遍教育generaleducation成人教育adulteducation职业技术教育vocationalandtechnicaleducation高等学校institutionofhighereducation职业学校vocationalschool附中attachedmiddleschool自学考试self-taughtexamination教职员teachingandadministrativestaff教学人员thefaculty;teachingstaff中、小学校长headmaster大专院校校长president;chancellor教务长deanofstudies（系）主任chairman;chairperson副主任vice-chairman教授professor副教授associateprofessor客座教授visitingprofessor讲师lecturer助教assistant专职教师full-timeteacher兼职教师part-timeteacher辅导员assistantforpoliticalandideologicalwork教研室/组teachingandresearchsection/group教学组teachinggroup学生会students'union/association高年级学生upper/highergradepupil/student低年级学生lowergradepupil/student走读生daystudent;non-residentstudent住宿生boarder旁听生auditor研究生graduatestudent;post-graduate(student)应届毕业生graduatingstudent/pupil;thisyear'sgraduates听课tovisitaclass公开课openclass课程course;curriculum必修课required/compulsorycourse选修课elective/optionalcourse基础课basiccourse专业课specializedcourse课程表schooltimetable课外活动extracurricularactivities课外辅导instructionafterclass课外阅读outsidereadingYYZYQ第2页2019-12-202课堂讨论classdiscussion（大学的）研究小组；讨论会seminar教学大纲teachingprogram教学内容contentofcourses学习年限periodofschooling学历recordofformalschooling学年school/academicyear学期(school)term;semester学分credit分数mark;grade五分制the5-grademarkingsystem百分制100-marksystem学习成绩academicrecord;schoolrecord成绩单schoolreport毕业论文thesis;dissertation毕业实习graduationfieldwork毕业典礼graduationceremony毕业证书graduationcertificate毕业鉴定graduationappraisal授予某人学位toconferadegreeonsb.升级tobepromotedtoahighergrade留级tostaydown补考make-upexamination升学toenterahigherschool升学率proportionofstudentsenteringschoolsofahighergrade奖学金scholarship（国家）助学金(state)stipend/subsidy领取助学金的学生agrant-aidedstudent学费tuition(fee)伙食费boardexpenses伙食补助foodallowance文凭diplomasandcertificates考研热thecrazeforgraduateschoolstudy应试教育theexamination-orientededucation义务教育compulsoryeducation复合型人才interdisciplinarytalents大学生创业theuniversitystudents’innovativeundertakings扩招expandenrollment被授予学位begrantedaanofficialcertificatefrom高分低能goodscoresbutlowqualities片面追求升学率placeundueemphasisontheproportionofstudentsenteringschoolsofahigherlevel退学dropoutoftheschool形成淘汰制度frameaneliminationsystem教书育人impartknowledgeandeducatepeople因材施教teachstudentsaccordingtotheiraptitude德才兼备possesspoliticalintegrityandprofessionalability品学兼优beastudentsoffinequalitiesandfinescholar提高学生身心素质improvethehealthandpsychologicalquality适应社会的改变adjusttothesocialchangesquickly满足社会的急需meettheurgentneedofthesociety保护知识产权protecttheintellectualproperty才疏学浅bewantinginabilityandshallowinknowledgeYYZYQ第3页2019-12-203努力获得精神文明makeeffortstoseekculturalandideologicalprogress减轻负担reducetheheavyburdens更加有意义和丰富的生活amorevigorous,colorfulanddynamiclife●涉及工作的词汇：崇高职业noblecareer白领工作white-collarworkers跳槽job-hopping试用期probationaryperiod人才流动和双向选择talentflowandadual-wayselection自由职业freelancework拜金主义moneyworship获得名利achievefameandwealth充分发挥个人的潜力developfullyone’spotentialandcreativity实干精神steadfastandearnestinone’swork工作出色excelinone’swork无忧无虑becare-free社会和个人的尊重socialandpersonalesteem生计问题abreadandbutterissue生活补助livingsubsidies人才交流talentsexchange培养人才cultivatetalents推荐人才recommendthevirtuousandable人才外流braindrain优化产业结构optimizethestructure精简人员cutofftheoverstaffedoffices提高综合素质improvethecomprehensivequality解决劳动就业问题tackletheproblemoflaborforceutilization坚持改革bepersistentinthereformprogress造成失业问题bringabouttheunemploymentproblem下岗人员thelaid-offworkers自谋生路beself-employed给出优惠政策givepreferentialtreatment享受失业救济金enjoyunemploymentpension需要安全感和生活保障needasenseofsecurityandguaranteeoflife劳动力短缺shortageofmanpower提高文化，智慧，品质修养enhancetheirculturalandmoralquality●涉及环保的词汇：污染Pollution污染物Pollutants农业废物Agriculturalwastes商业噪音Commercialnoise混合污染Compositepollution危险物质Hazardoussubstances危险废物Hazardouswastes重金属Heavymetals医院废物Hospitalwastes工业废水Industrialeffluents工业排放物Industrialemissions工业烟尘Industrialfumes工业噪声Industrialnoise无机污染物Inorganicpollutants铅污染LeadcontaminationYYZYQ第4页2019-12-204液体废物Liquidwastes微污染物Micropollutants采矿废物Miningwastes机动车辆排放物Motorvehicleemissions城市废物Municipalwaste噪声污染Noisepollution恶臭公害Odournuisance有机物污染Organicpollutants难降解有机污染物Persistentorganicpollutants橡胶废物Rubberwaste污水Sewage固体废物Solidwastes热污染Thermalpollution有毒物质Toxicsubstances有毒废物Toxicwaste交通噪音Trafficnoise废热Wasteheat木材废料Woodwaste污染源Pollutionsources生物武器Biologicalweapons水泥工业Cementindustry化学武器Chemicalweapons烟囱Chimneys冷却水Coolingwaters机动车辆Motorvehicles摩托车Motorcycles核武器Nuclearweapons海洋倾倒Oceandumping石油泄漏Oilspills废金属Scrapmetals污染治理Pollutionabatement隔音Acousticinsulation化学污染清除Chemicaldecontamination噪音治理Noiseabatement污染治理设备Pollutionabatementequipment污染控制技术Pollutioncontroltechnology废物最少化Wasteminimization废物Wastes电池处理Batterydisposal废物的化学处理Chemicaltreatmentofwaste处置场所Disposalsites废物焚烧Incinerationofwaste放射性废物管理Radioactivewastemanagement回收的材料Recycledmaterials回收Recycling材料再利用Reuseofmaterials污水处置Sewagedisposal废物处置Wastedisposal废物回收Wasterecovery废物利用Wasteu