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安徽理工大学毕业设计I本科毕业设计说明书基于51单片机和GP2Y1010AUOF的空气粉尘浓度检测仪的设计与研究BASEDON51SINGLECHIPMICROCOMPUTERANDGP2Y1010AUOFAIRDUSTCONCENTRATIONDETECTORDESIGNANDRESEARCH学院（部）：电气与信息工程学院专业班级：电气工程及其自动化10级2班学生姓名：谢云辉指导教师：宋老师2014年5月7日安徽理工大学毕业设计II基于51单片机和GP2Y1010AUOF的空气粉尘浓度检测仪的设计与研究摘要随着中国经济的快速发展，人民生活水品有了发生了很大的改变，现在的生活和工作有了很大的改变。随着中国的工业生产总值逐年提高，工业高速发展，这就不可避免的会产生大量的工业废气，以及居民现在买车的在一直增加，汽车尾气的排放，空气中粉尘浓度大量增加，导致现在中国好多地区产生了大量的粉尘，空气环境问题异常严峻。检测空气质量的关键环节就是检测空气中粉尘的含量，所以粉尘的检测变成了很重要的问题。粉尘检测仪最大的用处就是检测环境中含有的粉尘浓度，适用于那些工作环境比较差、作业所处地方粉尘比较多的地方，还能用在环境监测部门监测环境等。本文以微粒和分子在一束平行光的照射下会产生光的散射现象为原理，以单片机为核心，来完成粉尘检测仪粉尘的采集、显示数据等电路的设计,再结合各个不同的模块硬件电路来实现各个模块的相应功能，从而达到所需要的要求。关键词：粉尘，51单片机，显示，程序设计安徽理工大学毕业设计IIIBASEDON51SINGLECHIPMICROCOMPUTERANDGP2Y1010AUOFAIRDUSTCONCENTRATIONDETECTORDESIGNANDRESEARCHABSTRACTWiththerapiddevelopmentofChina'seconomy,theimprovementofpeople'slifewaterproducthadtheverybig,nowofthelifeandworkhadtheverybigchange.AsChina'sindustrialproductionincreasedyearbyyear,industryrapiddevelopment,itwouldinevitablyproducealargeamountofindustrialwastegas,andresidentsnowtobuyacarhasbeenincreasing,automobileexhaustemissions,dustconcentrationintheairofalargeincrease,leadtomanypartsofChinanowproducesalargeamountofdust,airenvironmentproblemisveryserious.Akeylinkintheprocessofairqualitydetectionistodetectthecontentofdustintheair,sothedustdetectionbecomesaveryimportantproblem.Dustdetectorinthebiggestuseisthetestingenvironmentdustconcentration,suitableforthosewithpoorworkingenvironment,workplaceswheredustismore,canalsobeusedintheenvironmentalmonitoringdepartmentmonitoringenvironment,etc.Basedontheparticlesandmoleculesundertheirradiationofabeamofparallellightwillproducelightscatteringphenomenonasprinciple,withthesinglechipprocessorasthecore,tocompletethedustdetectorofdustcollection,datadisplaycircuitdesign,combiningvariousmodulehardwarecircuittorealizethecorrespondingfunctionsofvariousmodules,andhelptoreachrequirements.KEYWORDS:dust,51single-chipmicrocomputeranddisplay,theprogramdesign安徽理工大学毕业设计IV目录1绪论..............................................................11.1前言................................................................11.2研究背景............................................................11.3研究现状............................................................21.4研究内容：..........................................................31.5拟采用的研究思路与方法..............................................42粉尘浓度检测仪的硬件原理..........................................52.1粉尘浓度检测仪的功能和技术指标......................................52.1.1所设计的系统的功能.............................................52.1.2系统的主要技术指标.............................................52.2粉尘的检测原理......................................................52.3系统硬件设计框图....................................................6.2.4软件程序框图.....................................................72.5工作原理............................................................83粉尘测试仪硬件设计...............................................93.1单片机部分..........................................................93.1.1系统CPU器件选择...............................................93.1.2单片机引脚分配及连接..........................................123.2信号采集电路......................................................133.2.2A/D转换电路..................................................183.2.3ADC0809的主要特性............................................183.2.4ADC0809芯片的引脚图及引脚功能................................193.2.5ADC0809对输入通道选择........................................203.2.6ADC0809数据采集时序图........................................203.2.7ADC0809与AT89S52单片机的接口设计............................213.2.874LS74........................................................213.2.974LS373.......................................................233.2.1074LS02介绍..................................................243.2.1174LS04介绍..................................................253.3数码管显示部分....................................................263.3.1LED数码管概述................................................263.3.2LED数码管动态显示方式........................................273.3.3显示接口设计..................................................293.4键盘电路设计......................................................303.5浓度参考值设定的设计............................................313.6报警电路设计（蜂鸣器）............................................323.7看门狗部分的设计..................................................333.8定时/计数器使用步骤................................................343.9定时计数初值的计算................................................344系统设计........................................................354.1工作过程...........................................................35安徽理工大学毕业设计V4.2ADC0809数据采集及输出控制信号时序.................................364.3键盘扫描程序流程图.................................................364.4数码管显示流程图...................................................374.5看门狗程序流程图...................................................385结论............................................................39致谢.............................................................40参考文献............................................