第十六章答案16.1略16.2略16.3在GC中,调整保留值实际上反映了组分与固定相之间的分子相互的作用。16.4在GC中,可利用文献记载的保留数据定性,最有价值的是相对保留值和保留指数。16.5在GC中,色谱柱使用上限温度取决于固定液最高使用温度,下限温度应超过固定液的熔点。16.6在GC定量分析中采用FID测校正因子,应选用正庚烷为基准,热导池选用苯为基准。16.7已知:1030mmmlF,T=127℃,Tv=27℃=3000Kpwgmmpw310355739.26求:1min?mlcF解:根据JFcocF而)min(59.381001.11055.31001.1300400301535000mlPPPTTFFwrcco其中:220330(/)133(1.34/1.01)10.8542(/)12(1.34/1.01)1iippjpp∴)min(96.32854.059.381mlcF16.8对GC柱的分离度影响最大的因素是柱温。16.9已知:在氧二丙脂24.6rt在角鲨烷95.0rt某固定液1rt求:Px=?解:∵795.024.6lglg1rtq022.095.0lglg2rtq01lglgrxtq∴7.2)02.0(795.6)0795.0(100100)(100100211qqqqPxx16.10已知:混合物含A,B,相邻二种正构烷烃流出顺序:)('nrt)('Art)1('nrt时间:101112I=800,BI=882.3求:AI=?A和B是否同系物?解:]'lg'lg'lg'lg[100)()1()()(nrnrnrArAttttnI]10lg12lg10lg11lg8[1003.852]0792.0014.08[100∴AI与BI不是同系物。16.11已知:固定相:ChromosorbW20%聚乙二醇-7000流动相:氧气求:保留时间顺序?解:因为固定液为极性物质,所以对极性物质保留时间长。保留时间顺序为:已醇庚醇辛醇壬醇tttt,流出先后顺序为:正壬醇、正辛醇、正庚醇、正己醇。16.12已知:CO2气体积含量80%40%20%相应峰高(mm)1005025求:(1)作出外标曲线。(2)以等体积样品注入,当峰高为75mm时,含CO2X%?解:(1)作出外标曲线(2)内外标曲线求得当峰高为75mm时含CO2为60%16.13求:下面组分,宜选用哪种检测器?解:(a)农作物中含氯浓度残留量——宜用电子捕获~(ECJ)(b)酒中水含量——热导(TCD)(c)啤酒中微量硫化物——火焰光度~(FPD)(d)二甲苯的异构体——火焰离子化~(FID)16.14已知:min,80),(30(min),5.4001mlFstt100lT℃,PaPi16297073rT℃,PaPc101058molgPaPw95.02809)(7.4gw用求:?K解:0'/4.50.5/0.58.0rkttJFcocoFffoTwFFco972.0101058/280910105800pppwwf26.1296/373/TrTcTf∴)min(98.9726.1972.0801mlFco1)101058/162920(1)101058/162920(231)/(1)/(233232popipopiJ752.011900.41599.223)min(7.780752.088.971mlJFcoFco)(85.365.07.730mltFcoVn42.495.0/2.4sV1.6642.4/85.360.8/smVVkK16.15已知:)(2.7cmtc,)(851cmt正已烷,)(146cmtr环烷)(5.15cmtr正庚烷,)(7.181cmt甲苯,)(315cmtr正辛烷求:?甲苯I?环乙烷I解:724]7)2.29.15lg()2.25.31lg()2.29.15lg()2.27.18log([100甲苯I687]6)2.25.8lg()2.29.15lg()2.25.8lg()2.26.14lg([100环已烷I16.16已知:71,min701TcmlFe℃,12min2cmCcmmvC25/102,mgWi11.0280.5cmAi12Tr℃K0285求:?Sc解:12/CWTrTcFCAScii)(891211.0)285/344(704.080.51mgmVml16.17已知:89Tc℃min52mlu,mVRv1.0,gW6.101102170cmA,cmW6.02/1,求:解:(1))(1085.1101121702510600.618612gsmVWCACSm(2))(1008.11085.1/1.02/2198sgSRDmNm(3)9201008.160065.1CWWrm)(1007.21008.126.060065.189g16.18解:关于本题的说明:本题中所说的前面四个值是经过衰减1/4而得到。经过求证,无论乘或除4均认为是正确的。原因是过去所用的仪器设置与现在使用的正好相反。因而此道题误判了很多同学。请自己修正。一种答案22Afw=(214×0.74+4.5×1.00+278×1.00+77×1.05)×4+250×1.28+47.3×1.36=2471.2∴%6.252.2471474.04.21%甲烷P%73.02.2471400.15.4%0P%0.452.2471400.1278%乙烯P%1.132.2471405.177%乙烷P%9.122.247128.10.25%丙烯P%60.22.247136.13.47%丙烷P另一种答案6.222836.13.4728.125005.1774)127815.474.0214(iiifAwP甲烷=28.4%,P二氧化碳=0.81%,P乙烯=49.9%,P乙烷=3.6%,P丙烯=14.4%,P丙烷=2.9%或者:w=(214×0.74+4.5×1.00+278×1.00+77×1.05)×0.25+250×1.28+47.3×1.36=514.76P甲烷=7.7%,P二氧化碳=0.22%,P乙烯=13.5%,P乙烷=3.9%,P丙烯=62.2%,P丙烷=12.5%P甲烷=6.9%,P二氧化碳=0.20%,P乙烯=12.1%,P乙烷=14.1%,P丙烯=55.6%,P丙烷=11.2%16.19已知:L=2(m);TC=100℃,Tg=150℃Td=130℃,C1=3000mm.h=1.833mm.S-1,求:计算下表其中空格的数据22154.5wtnreffCuuBAHeffeffnlH作图求当u很大时,CuAH0tlusC2107.2(斜率)0trtkmmA4.2(截距)smVVkKscm/7最佳从CuB2得scmB/3.12或再uH1~作图得scmB/81.02编号12345678t0(s)925735251814108tr(s)281175108.677.857.445.435.027.0)()(2/1mmsW22.012.07.05.04.03.53.02.526.414.48.46.04.84.23.63.0N284372425429373310267222H(mm)7.05.44.74.75.46.57.59.0U(cm/s)2.173.505.718.0011.114.320.025.0K2.12.12.12.12.22.22.52.4K6.56.56.56.56.86.87.77.4