形容词和副词的比较级和最高级。大多数形容词和副词有三个等级:原级、比较级、最高级。原级指形容词和副词的原形;比较级用来表示“较……”或“更……一些”;最高级则表示“最……”Grammar:一、形容词和副词的原级:1.表示两者(A与B)在某一方面相同时用句型:A+谓语+as+形容词或副词的原形+as+B.eg:①Tom和Sam一样高。TomisastallasSam.②Tom和Sam跑得一样快。TomrunsasfastasSam.③英语和数学一样重要。Englishisasimportantasmath.④Lucy和Lily学习一样好。LucystudiesaswellasLily.2.两者(A与B)在某一方面A不如B时用句型:A+谓语+notas/so+形容词或副词的原形+as+B.eg:①Tom不如Sam高。Tomisnotas/sotallasSam.②Tom不如Sam跑得快。Tomdoesn’trunas/sofastasSam.③英语不如数学重要。Englishisnotas/soimportantasmath.④Lucy不如Lily学习好。Lucydoesn’tstudyas/sowellasLily.形容词的比较级一:用法⑴用于两者(人或物)之间,表示“其中一个比另一更……”或“较……”,后面通常用连词than连结另一个比较的对象,其基本句型是:主语+谓语(系动词)+形容词比较级+than+对比对象。eg:吉姆比迈克高。JimistallerthanMike.迈克比吉姆矮MikeisshorterthanJim.A+谓语+形容词或副词的比较级+than+B.eg:①Tom比Sam高。TomistallerthanSam.②Tom比Sam跑得快。TomrunsfasterthanSam.③英语比数学重要。Englishismoreimportantthanmath.④Lucy比Lily学习好。LucystudiesbetterthanLily.Whichgoesfaster,thebikeorthecar?Thecargoesfasterthanthebike.Thebikegoesfast.Whichflieshigher,theplaneorthebird?Theplaneflieshigherthanthebird.Thebirdflieshigh.Whichrunsfaster,thedogorthesheep?Thedogrunsfasterthanthesheep.Thesheeprunsfast.¥100¥200Whichismoreexpensive,thebrowncoatorthetheyellowcoat?Theyellowcoatismoreexpensivethanthebrownone.Thebrowncoatisexpensive.DonaldduckHarryPotterWhichismoreinteresting?HarrypotterismoreinterestingthanDonaldduck.Donaldduckisinteresting.⑵than后面接代词时,一般要用主格,但在口语中也可以换成宾格。eg:HeworksmorecarefullythanI(me).他比我工作更细心。(3)“比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越……”eg:Hebecomesfatterandfatter.他越来越胖了。Shestudiesbetterandbetter.她学得越来越好了。(4)“The+比较级…,the+比较级”表示“越……,越……”eg:他越忙就越高兴。Thebusierheis,thehappierhefeels.你吃的越多,你就越胖。Themoreyoueat,thefatteryouwillbecome.(5)形容词比较级前可加数词,表示“大(小)……多少”“长(短)……多少”eg:Heisfiveyearsyoungerthanme.他比我小五岁。(6)表示倍数时用:…times+比较级+than…eg:Myroomisthreetimesbiggerthanyours.Whichmeansoftransportationissafer?busplaneWhichcountryislarger?U.S.AAustraliaTheyellowRiverWhichriverislonger?TheChangjianRivervegetablespizzaWhichismoredelicious?Whoismorepopular?BeckhamZhaoBenshan1、形容词和副词的比较级的规则变化:①一般直接在词尾加er或esttall—taller--tallestlight—lighter--lightest②以字母e结尾的直接加r或stnice—nicer—nicestfine—finer—finest③以辅音字母加y结尾的形容词,要变y为i再加er或estheavy—heavier—heaviestbusy—busier--busiest④以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的形容词,要双写末尾的辅音字母再加er或estthin—thinner—thinnesthot—hotter—hottest⑤多音节词或部分双音节词的比较级和最高级在其前面加more或most。beautiful—morebeautiful—mostbeautifulimportant—moreimportant—mostimportantInteresting–moreinteresting–mostinterestingquickly–morequickly–mostquicklytired–moretired–mosttired2、不规则形容词的比较级最高级原级比较级最高级good/wellmany/muchlittleill/bad/badlyfaroldbetterbestmoremostlessleastworseworstfarther/furtherfarthest/furthestolder/elderoldest/eldest(8)修饰比较级的词much(…的多)、far(…的多)、alot(…的多)、even(更…)、still(仍然)、any(任何)abit(…一点儿)alittle(…一点儿)eg:①Thiscityismuchmorebeautifulthanthatone.这座城市比那座城市漂亮的多。②Todayisevenhotterthanyesterday.③Shedrivesstillmorecarefullythanherhusband.她开车仍然比她丈夫认真。(9)修饰形容词原级的词:very、rather、pretty、so、quite、too①Heistootiredtowalkon.他太累了以至于不能再继续走了。②MybrotherrunssofastthatIcan‘tfollowhim.我弟弟跑得那么快以至于我跟不上他。③Hislifestyleisquitedifferentfrommine.他的生活方式和我的相当不同。三、形容词、副词的最高级形容词和副词的最高级常用来表示三者或三者以上人或物的比较。形容词最高级前必须加定冠词the,而副词的最高级前可以不加定冠词the。但是当形容词的最高级前已经有了作定语用的形容词性的物主代词或名词所有格时,不在加the。1、主语+谓语+the+形容词或副词的最高级+of/in短语。表示“主语是……中最……的”。①Mymotheristhebusiestinmyfamily.我妈妈是家中最忙的。②Ijump(the)farthestinmyclass.我是我们班跳得最远的。③Tomisthetallestofallthestudents.Tom是所有学生中最高的。2、oneofthe+形容词最高级+cn.复数“最……之一”。BeijingisoneofthelargestcitiesinChina.北京是中国最大城市之一。3、the+序数词+形容词最高级+名词表示“第几大/长/高……”TheYellowRiveristhesecondlongestriverinChina.黄河是中国第二长河。4、Which/Who+谓语+the+形容词或副词最高级,A,BorC?表示“三者中哪一个更、最……”Whichisthebiggest,themoon,theearthorthesun?月球、地球和太阳哪一个更大?四、比较级与最高级的互换1.Jimistallerthananyotherboyinourclass.(吉姆比我们班上任何一个男孩都高)=Jimistallerthantheotherboysinourclass.(在我们班上吉姆其它的男孩高)=Jimisthetallestinourclass.(吉姆是我们班最高的)2.Jimistallerthananygirlinourclass.(吉姆比我们班的任何一个女孩都高)I.用形容词的正确形式填空1.Whichdoyoulike_________(well),apples,pearsorbananas?2.Ithinkthisstoryis__________________(interesting)thanthatone.3.Inthemorningheis__________(early).Hisfatheris_________(early)thanhe.Hismotheristhe____________(early)ofthethree.4.TheYellowRiveristhesecond____________(long)riverinChina.5.Hethinkshiscornis___________(delicious)ofallthefood.6.Ifeelmathis______________(difficult)thanChinese.bestmoreinterestingearlyearlierearliestlongestmostdeliciousthemoredifficult句型转换:1.Tomistall.Jimisshort.(比较级合并)Tomis_____________Jim.2.Myhairislong.Mary’shairislonger.(合并成一句)Mary’shair_______________________mine.3.PedroisthinnerthanSam.(改为同义句)Samis_______________________Pedro.4.Mysisterisbetteratstudythanme.Sheisclever.(改为同义句)Mysisteris___________clever(聪明的)thanmeatstudy.5.Peterisfunny.Paulisfunny,too.(合并成一句)Peteris_______funny________Paul.tallerthanislongerthanfatter/heavierthanmoreasas2)比较级:1)A+be+adj比较级+than+B2)A+V+adv比较级+than+B注意:1)比较级修饰词:muchfarevenstillratheralotalittleabit2)加倍数:Abe+倍数+比较级+than+B3)同范围的比较,相当于最高级:比较级+than+anyother+sl(比其他任何一个都。)4)越来越:比较级and比较级5)越....越....:the比较级,the比较级6)两个当中比较....的:the比较级ofthetwo7)Who/Whichis比较级,AorB?最高级:A+be/v+the+最高级+of(in)+.....注意:1)名词所有格,形物代修饰省略the2)