第四章翻译的技巧

第四章翻译的技巧SkillsinTranslation4.1ChoiceofDictionAsanotedlinguisthasobserved,(makementionof/remark)themeaningofawordisitsuseinthelanguageandeachword,whenusedinanewcontext,isanewword.4.1ChoiceofDiction一词多义：story1.Thiswarisbecomingthemostimportantstoryofthisgeneration.2.itisquiteanotherstorynow.3.Somereporterswhowerenotincludedinthesessionbrokethestory.4.He’llbeveryhappyifthatstoryholdsup.4.1ChoiceofDiction5.TheRitaHayworth’sstoryisoneofthesaddest.6.Whatastory!Idon’tbelieveawordofit.7.LastDecemberthePostfirstreportedthatprobeswerebeingmadeineachofthosecities,butofficialsrefusedtoconfirmthestory.8.ThestoryabouthimbecamesmallerandbyandbyfadedoutfromAmericanTV.4.1ChoiceofDictionJudgingfromthecontext,storyintheabovesentencesindicatesdifferentsensesrespectively:1.event;2.situation;3.insideinformation;4.statement;5.experience;6.lie;7.news;8.report;4.1ChoiceofDictiontherefore,thecorrespondingChineseversionsshouldbe:1.这场战争将成为这一代人所经历的最重大的事件；2.现在的情况完全不同了；3.有些未参加那次会议的记者把内情捅出去了；4.如果这一说法当真，那他就太高兴了；4.1ChoiceofDiction5.丽泰.海华丝的遭遇算是最惨的了；6.弥天大谎，我只字不信；7.去年12月，邮报首先报道调查工作已在那些城市里进行，但官员们拒绝证实这条消息；8.报道中对他的渲染减少了，不久就从美国电视上销声匿迹了；4.1ChoiceofDictionOntheotherhand,achinesewordorphrasemayhaveavarietyofEnglishequivalentsaccordingtodifferentsituations.Takethechineseexpression情况forexample:1.在这种情况下undersuchcircumstances2.这种情况必须改变Thisstateofaffairsmustchange4.1ChoiceofDiction现在情况不同了。Nowthingsaredifferent.他们的情况怎么样？Howdomattersstandwiththem?前线有什么情况？Howisthesituationatthefront?我们可能去那儿，那的看情况而定Wemaygothere,butthatdepends.TEM-8ExtraExercisesChinesetoEnglish1.在某种特定的文化中长大的人们有着某种共同的价值观和观念。这并不意味着他们都以完全同样的程度拥有完全相同的价值观；但他确实意味着他们中的大多数人在大多数时候基本同意彼此是非善恶的观点。TEM-8ExtraExercises参考译文1.thosewhogrowupinacertain/particularculturesharecertainvaluesandassumptions/perspectives/(haveincommon).Itdoesnotmeantheyallsharethesamevaluestotheexactlysameextent/degree;itdoesmeanthatmostoftheminmostcaseswouldagreewitheachother'sideas/opinions/viewsaboutwhatisrightandwrong,goodandevil.TEM-8ExtraExercisesEnglishtoChinese1.Ifeelthatthisawardwasnotmadetomeasaman,buttomywork,alife'sworkintheagonyandsweatofthehumanspirit,notforgloryandleastofallforprofit,buttocreateoutofthematerialsofthehumanspiritsomethingwhichdidnotexistbefore.TEM-8ExtraExercises参考译文1.我感到这份奖赏不是授予我个人而是授予我工作的-授予我一生从事有关人类精神的呕心沥血。我从事这项工作，不图虚名，更不为一己之利，而是为了从人类精神原料中创造一些从未有过的东西。Non-tariffbarriers非关税壁垒Facilitate/enhance/promote/boostStimulate/spur第四章综合练习及参考译文一.nomorethan与notmorethan1.nomorethan的意思是仅仅，只有，强调少的概念，相当于only或者符号“=”.如：Thisclasstakesnomorethan(only)30minutes.Ihavenomorethan(only)5dollarsinmypocket.第四章综合练习及参考译文2.notmorethan为morethan的否定式，其意为不多于，不超过，相当于atmost或者是“≤”。如：Notmorethan(atmost)10guestscametoherbirthdayparty.Notmorethan(atmost)20studentsattendedthislecture.第四章综合练习及参考译文比较nomorethan与notmorethan用法(1)Shehasnomorethan3hats.(only/=)太少了Shehasnotmorethan3hats.(atmost/≤)也许不到三个(2)Ihavenomorethan5books.(only)Ihavenotmorethan5books.(atmost)第四章综合练习及参考译文二.nomore….than与notmore…than1.nomore….than表示对于两者的否定，意为“同样不”如：SheisnomoreagreatsingerthanIam.我和她都不是优秀歌手。Awhaleisnomoreafishthanahorse.鲸鱼和马都非鱼。第四章综合练习及参考译文2.notmore…than意为“不及”,“不如”，相当于（notso….as）如：Sheisnotmorebeautifulthanhersister.她不如她姐姐漂亮Thisbookisnotmoreinterestingthanthatbook.这本书没有那本书有趣。第四章综合练习及参考译文三.nolessthan与notlessthannolessthan与nomorethan(only/=)意思相反，强调“多达”,“有…之多”如：Nolessthan50passengersgotkilledinthisaccident.死于这场事故的旅客高达50人。Hepaidnolessthan$10,000forit.为此他花费了1万美元呢。第四章综合练习及参考译文2.notlessthan为lessthan的否定式，与notmorethan（atmost/≤)意思相反,表示不少于，不亚于或者（atleast/≥）如：Hehasnotlessthan10shoes.(≥)他至少有十双鞋。Notlessthan500peopleattendedthismeeting.(≥)至少有500人参加这次会议。第四章综合练习及参考译文比较：Hehasnolessthan7daughters.(=)他有7个女儿之多。Hehasnotlessthan7daughters.(≤)他至少有7个女儿。第四章综合练习及参考译文noless…than与nomore…than意义相反,表示两者都…,用于肯定两者.如：Yourbrotherisnomorewisethanyou.你和你弟弟都不聪明。Yourbrotherisnolesswisethanyou.你和你弟弟都聪明。Sheisnomorebeautifulthanhersister.Sheisnolessbeautifulthanhersister.