飞机噪声技术研究——工程解决方法

295Vol129No1520089ACTAAERONAUTICAETASTRONAUTICASINICASept.2008:2007208209;:2008205213:E2mail:[e-mail]:100026893(2008)05212072061,2,2,2(1.,150001)(2.,100076)NoiseTaskofAircraftResolveinEngineeringZhangZhengping1,2,RenFang2,FengBingchu2(1.SchoolofAstronautics,HarbinInstituteofTechnology,Harbin150001,China)(2.KeyLaboratoryofNationalDefenseTechnologyforReliabilityandEnvironmentEngineeringTechnology,BeijingInstituteofStructureandEnvironmentEngineering,Beijing100076,China):3:;;,,,:;;,;,,,;,;,,:;;;;:V21615:AAbstract:Inthisarticlethefollowingthreequestionsofaircraftarediscussed:thefirstoneisthecontrolofvi2broacoustic;thesecondoneistheinterferenceofnoiseinairport;thethirdoneisthedesignfornoisefatigueinacertaincomponents.Forthesetasks,theresearchofaircraftnoiseisintroducedinBeijingInstituteofStruc2tureandEnvironmentEngineering.Engineeringsolutionsforthelargecommercialaircraftarepresented,in2cludingobtainingthepayloadspectrumofnoise;thecontrolofjetnoiseandlargecommercialaircraftcabinnoise;thedesignfornoisefatigue.Similituderuleofsupersoundjetisresearched,andthepayloadofrockettakeoff2noiseachievesthesameprecisionwithheat2flux2scalingmodeltest.Itismoreconvenientandeconomicthetruemeasurethanwindtunnelmeasureforaircraft;themaindifficultyofmeasuringnoisetrulyishowtomeasurethefactofpneumaticnoise,thewayofsettingmicrophone,thechangeofthestaticpressureonair2craftsurfaces,andsoon;thecontrolofjetnoiseiscold2air2scalingmodeltest;thetheoryandmethodofcoldairscalingmodeltestisrecommended;itsdiscussedthatitsnecessaryforthetestoffatigueintensitytoadoptthetheoryofstatisticalanalysis.Fromdifferentaspects,thisarticlediscussesthenoisetaskoflargecommer2cialaircraft,thisisveryimportantproblemtoresearchthecomfort,economyandsafetyofaircraft,thereisimportantpracticalsignificanceforChinatodeveloplargecommercialaircraftproject.Keywords:noise;vibration;acousticsfatigue;largecommercialaircraft;loadspectrum,,30,,,,,,,,,,,29,130dB,,3:(1);(2):;(3)2060,,1:;111,2050Lighthill,,110dB,130dB,[122],11Fig11Jetshape[3]W=K2jv8jS0c50(1):K,,310-511810-4;S;0;j;vj;c0,j,vj,,,2,,2dB2Fig12Coldjetscalemodetest2050,[425]34112,80215:,,(fluctua2tingpressure)[627],,()2050Lighthill,,Ma014[8],Ma016,[9],[10212],,,55Fig15Measurepointsofairplaneforflytest,,7,,,[13]2:,;[14]211,,,,,(6)(7),2123:,,;,,;,902129,3,,[3],,,,,,,,,(1),,(2),,,,,,,,,88Fig18Responsetestforacousticofairplane99Fig19Dampingmaterialofairplane,3,,,2060,[15],10111014,,,,,,,,,,,,,,S2N,S2N[13]MinerniNi=1,,niNi=01215:a,a1,,[9]S2N,10S2N10S2NFig110NoisefatiguerandomS2Ngraphofair2planestructure,,S2N,,,,1111Fig111Responsetestforacousticsofairplane1213,,,,[16217],,,,,,,4,,,,,[1]SmithEB.Acousticscale2modeltestsofhigh2speedflowsfinalreport[R].Martin2CR266213,1966.[2]LeeYA,HenricksW.Vibroacousticpayloadenvironmentpredictionsystem(vapeps)[R].NASACR2166823,1984.[3].[M].:,2004:2232112129227.MaDayou.Acoustichandbook[M].Beijing:SciencePress,2004:2232227.(inChinese)[4]AbrahamsonAL,KasperPK,PappaRS.AcousticalcharacteristicsoftheNASALangleyfullscalewindtunneltestsection[R].NASACR2132604,1975.[5]CockburnJA.Evaluationofacoustictestingtechniquesforspacecraftsystems[R].NASAN72230901,1972.[6]RunstadlerPW,KlineSJ,ReynoldsWC.Anexperimen2talinvestigationoftheflowstructureofaturbulentboundarylayer[R].AFOSR2TN25421,1963.[7]KraichnanRH.Pressurefluctuationsintheturbulentflowoveraflatplate[J].JAcoustSOC,1956,28(3):3772378.[8]ChapmanDR,KuehnDM,LarsonHK.Investigationofseparatedflowsinsupersonicandsubsonicstreamswithemphasisontheeffectoftransition[R].NACATR21356,1958.[9]SchmitzFH,AllmenJR,SodermanPT.ModificationoftheAMES402by802footwindtunnelforcomponenta2coustictestingforthesecondgenerationsupersonictrans2port[R].NASATM2108850,1994.[10]SpeakerWF,AilmanCM.Spectraandspace2timecorre2lationsofthefluctuatingpressuresatawallbeneathasu2personicturbulentboundarylayerperturbedbystepsandshockwaves[R].DouglasReptSM249806,1965.[11]SivellsJC,PayneRG.Amethodofcalculatingturbulent2boundary2layergrowthathypersonicMachnumbers[R].AEDC2TR25923,ASTIAAD2208774,1959.[12]WillmarthWW,WooldridgeCE.Measurementsofthefluctuatingpressureatthewallbeneathathickturbulentboundarylayer[J].FluidMech,1962,22(4):1852187.[13].:[M].:,1995.HuangHuaide.Booksofmissileandspaceseriesvibra2tionengineering:Book2[M].Beijing:AerospacePress,1995.(inChinese)[14]AllanR,KippHW.Aerothermalenvironmentincontrolsurfacegapsinhypersonicflowanoverview[R].N83224794,1983.[15]BrownMW.Atheoryforfatiguefailureundermultiaxalstress2strainconditions[C]ProcInstMechEngrs.1973.[16]NortonMP.Fundamentalsofnoiseandvibrationanalysisforengineers[M].NewYork:CambridgeUniversityPress,1989:2002208.[17]CrandallSH.Randomvibration[M].NewYork:TheTechnologyPressoftheMITandJohnWileyandSons,lnc,1959:1872210.:(1968-),,::010268754016E2mail:[e-mail](1981-),,:;:010268752341E2mail:[e-mail](1939-),::010268384986E2mail:[e-mail](:)2121