远方的呼唤-浅析《月亮与六便士》

毕业论文题目：远方的呼唤-浅析《月亮与六便士》Title:TheCallfromAfar-AnAnalysisoftheMoonandSixpence2009年5月20日AcknowledgementsFirstandforemost,myappreciationgoestomyaffectionateparents,andtherestofmyfamily.Throughoutthedevelopmentofthispaper,theyhavebeentherealwaysgivingmecontinuoussupport,encouragementandunderstanding.Theirloveandsupportencouragemetopursueprogressallthetime.Iwouldalsoliketoextendmysincerethankstoallotherteacherswhogavemelecturesduringthepastthreeacademicyears.Ihavebenefitedsomuchnotonlyfromtheircoursesandlecturesbutalsofromtheirconstantencouragement.Mydeepestgratitudeandrespectgotomysupervisor,ZhangQian.Itisforherconstantencouragement,criticalinstructions,hergreatcareandpreciousadviceandsuggestionsthatthispaperappearsinthepresentform.Finally,thanktheteacherstoreadthispaper,thankyouverymuch!AbstractTheMoonandSixpenceisashortnovelbyWilliamSomersetMaughambasedonthelifeofthepainterPaulGauguin.Thestoryistoldinepisodicformbythefirst-personnarratorasaseriesofglimpsesintothemindandsoulofthecentralcharacter,CharlesStrickland,amiddleagedEnglishstockbrokerwhoabandonshiswifeandchildrenabruptlyinordertopursuehisdesiretobecomeanartist.Theinspirationforthisstory,Gauguin,isconsideredtobethefounderofprimitivisminart.ThenarratoroftheMoonandSixpencehasnochoicebuttospeculate,interpret,andjudgebecauseheisattemptingtodotheimpossible.Strickland'sstorycannotbetoldbecausehisachievementscannotbetranslatedintothelanguageofcivilizedsociety.SomersetMaughamknows--andshows--whatthenarratorcannotsee,thatbiographyitselfisimpossiblewhenitssubjectisamanofgenius.Inthistheme,ithopestoanalyzetheMoonandsixpenceandotherwesternliterarytheoryforfurtherstudy,andalsotoenablemoreChinesereadershaveastronginterestinwesternliterature.Keywords:Maugham;Guguin;thefist-personnarrator;Strickland;westernliterarytheory摘要《月亮与六便士》是英国著名作家毛姆以画家保罗·高根的生活经历为基础写一部短篇小说。故事采用了第一人称手法通过一系描述来进入主人公内心思维和灵魂深处，查尔斯·思特里克兰德，一位中年英国股票经纪人有一天突然为了追求成为艺术家而抛弃他的妻子和孩子，这个故事的灵感来自法国著名的印象派画家高根，一个被认为是原始艺术的创始人。小说的阐述者别无选择只能猜测，了解和判断，因为他正试图做这不可能的事。思特里克兰德的故事不能直接说出来，因为他的成就不能被翻译进语言的“文明”社会。当其主题是一个“天才”男人时这本身就是一部不可能的传记，毛姆知道并且显示出阐述者所看不到的。本选题本着学习研究的目的，希望对以后分析《月亮与六便士》以及其他的西方文学理论研究有所帮助,也使得更多的中国读者对西方文学产生浓厚的兴趣。关键词：毛姆；高根；第一人称；思特里克兰德；西方文学ContentsIntroduction……………………………………………………………..1ChapterI.Literaturereviews…………………………………..............31.1Westernscholar’sreviews………………………………………….31.2Easternscholar’sreviews…………………………………………5ChapterII.Abouttheauthor…………………………………………62.1SomersetMaugham’slife………………………………………….72.2SomersetMaugham’sworks………………………………………7ChapterIII.Aboutthenovel…………………………………………83.1Plotsummary……………………………………………………...93.2InfluenceoftheMoonandSixpence……………………………..10ChapterIV.Analysisofthenovel……………………………………114.1Analysisofthecharacter………………………………………….114.2Analysisoftheplot……………………………………………….13Conclusion…………………………………………………………….16Bibliography…………………………………………………………171IntroductionTheMoonandSixpence(1919)isashortnovelbyWilliamSomersetMaughambasedonthelifeofthepainterPaulGauguin.Thestoryistoldinepisodicformbythefirst-personnarratorasaseriesofglimpsesintothemindandsoulofthecentralcharacter,CharlesStrickland,amiddleagedEnglishstockbrokerwhoabandonshiswifeandchildrenabruptlyinordertopursuehisdesiretobecomeanartist.StricklandfirstgoestoParisandlivesadestitutebutdefiantlycontentlifethereasanartist,lodginginrun-downhotelsandfallingpreytobothillnessandhunger.Stricklandcaresnothingforphysicalcomfort,butisgenerouslysupportedbyacommerciallysuccessfulyetunexceptionalDutchpainter,DirkStroeve,whoimmediatelyrecognizesStrickland'sgenius.AfterhelpingStricklandrecoverfromalife-threateningcondition,StroeveisrepaidbyhavinghiswifeabandonhimforStrickland.Stricklandlaterdiscardsthewife,whothencommitssuicide-yetanotherhumancasualtyinStrickland'ssingle-mindedpursuitofArtandBeauty.AftertheParisepisode,thestorycontinuesinTahiti.Stricklandhasalreadydied,andthenarratorattemptstopiecetogetherhislifetherefromtherecollectionsofothers.HefindsthatStricklandhadtakenupwithanativewomanandstartedpaintingprofusely.WelearnthatStricklandhadsettledforashortwhileintheFrenchportofMarseillesbeforetravelingtoTahiti,wherehelivedforafewyearsbeforefinallydyingofleprosy.Stricklandleftbehindnumerouspaintings,buthismagnumopus,whichhepaintedonthewallsofhishutinahalf-crazedstateofleprosy-inducedblindness,wasburntdownafterhisdeathbyhiswifeunderhisorders.Theinspirationforthisstory,Gauguin,isconsideredtobethefounderofprimitivisminart.ThemaindifferencesbetweenGauguinandStricklandarethatGauguinwasFrenchratherthanEnglish,andwhilstMaughamdescribesthecharacterofStricklandasbeingignorantofhiscontemporariesinModernart,GauguinhimselfwaswellacquaintedwithVanGogh.Howmanyofthedetailsofthestoryarebased2onfactisnotknown.However,MaughamhadvisitedtheplacewhereGauguinlivedinTahiti,andpurchasedsomeglasspanelspaintedbyGauguininhisfinaldays.ThebookwasfilmedbyAlbertLewinin1943.Accordingtosomesources,thetitle,themeaningofwhichisnotexplicitlyrevealedinthebook,wastakenfromareviewofOfHumanBondageinwhichthenovel'sprotagonist,PhilipCarey,isdescribedassobusyyearningforthemoonthatheneversawthesixpenceathisfe