高速铁路施工过程危险辨识与评价研究

┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊装┊┊┊┊┊订┊┊┊┊┊线┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊安徽工业大学毕业设计(论文)任务书课题名称高速铁路施工过程危险辨识与评价研究指导老师学院建筑工程学院专业班级姓名学号毕业设计（论文）的工作内容:1.文献综述；2.安全评价理论及方法；3.高速铁路施工过程危险辨识；4.评价指标体系的构建；5.权重的确定；6.应用举例；7.5000字英文翻译。指导教师签字：安徽工业大学毕业设计（论文）┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊装┊┊┊┊┊订┊┊┊┊┊线┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊I摘要本文首先根据相关法规和危险源辨识方法步骤，并结合常见高铁施工事故案例，应用直观经验分析法和系统安全分析方法，从能量源能量载体的角度，辨识和总结出高铁施工过程中的主要危险源。其次，根据辨识所得出危险源，建立了一个评价指标体系。然后，利用层次分析法对指标体系进行权重的计算。计算各层次元素对系统目标的合成权重，并进行排序。结果表明，影响高铁施工安全状况的各因素，其重要程度是不均等的，有的对施工安全状况起决定作用，有些则影响较小。最后，将所得方法及结论应用到实际案例中，并以模糊数学为基础，借助模糊数学的一些理论，对实际当中一些界限模糊不清、又不易量化的问题，将其数量化，并使用该模糊综合评价法对高铁施工当中的危险源进行了定量评价。关键字：高速铁路施工危险辨识评价指标体系层次分析法模糊综合评价法安徽工业大学毕业设计（论文）┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊装┊┊┊┊┊订┊┊┊┊┊线┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊IIABSTRACTThispaperaccordingtotherelevantlawsandregulationsandhazardsidentificationprocedures,andcombinedwithcommonhigh-speedrailconstructionaccidentcase,intuitiveexperienceanalysisandsystemsafetyanalysismethod,fromtheperspectiveofenergysourceenergycarrier,recognitionandsumsupthemainhazardsintheprocessofhigh-speedrailwayconstruction.Secondly,accordingtotheobtainedfromtheidentificationofhazards,establishedanevaluationindexsystem.Then,theweightofindexsystemtomakeuseofanalytichierarchyprocessiscalculated.Tocalculateweightatalllevelsofsystemtargetelementsynthesis,andsorting.Theresultsshowedthatthevariousinfluencefactorsofhigh-speedrailwayconstructionsafetysituation,itsimportanceisnotequal,somedecidetosituationofconstructionsafety,othersarelessaffected.Finally,theconclusionandmethodsappliedtotheactualcase,andonthebasisoffuzzymathematics,withtheaidofthetheoriesoffuzzymathematics,topracticesomeoftheproblemsisblurry,anddifficulttoquantify,thequantification,andusingthefuzzycomprehensiveevaluationmethodofhigh-speedrailconstructionhascarriedonthequantitativeevaluationofhazard.Keywords:Highspeedrailwayconstruction;Riskidentification;Theevaluationindexsystem;Analytichierarchyprocess;Fuzzycomprehensiveevaluationmethod安徽工业大学毕业设计（论文）┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊装┊┊┊┊┊订┊┊┊┊┊线┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊i目录1绪论.................................................................................................................................11.1研究背景................................................................................................................11.1.1我国高速铁路发展历史.............................................................................11.1.2我国高速铁路施工事故.............................................................................21.1.3评价减少事故的发生.................................................................................41.2国内外研究现状....................................................................................................51.2.1国外研究现状.............................................................................................51.2.2国内研究现状.............................................................................................61.3研究内容、目的及意义........................................................................................72安全评价理论及方法...............................................................................................102.1安全评价理论......................................................................................................112.1.1安全理论的发展及现状...........................................................................112.1.2安全评价原理...........................................................................................112.2常用安全评价方法..............................................................................................122.3安全评价的目的..................................................................................................132.4安全评价的意义..................................................................................................143高铁施工过程危险因素的辨识............................................................................163.1危险源的基本概述..............................................................................................163.1.1危险源的定义...........................................................................................163.1.2施工过程危险源的分类...........................................................................173.1.3高铁施工危险源的特征...........................................................................193.2高铁施工过程中危险源的辨识..........................................................................193.2.1高铁施工过程中危险辨识的依据...........................................................193.2.2高铁施工过程中危险辨识的方法...........................................................193.2.3高铁施工过程中常见的危险源...............................................................203.2.4高铁施工危险源评价方法.......................................................................22安徽工业大学毕业设计（论文）┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊装┊┊┊┊┊订┊┊┊┊┊线┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊ii4评级指标体系的建立...............................................................................................244.1指标体系构建原则及功能..................................................................................244.1.1指标体系的功能.......................................................................................244.1.2指标体系构建原则...................................................................................254.2评